The Roles of Cytoplasmic Lipid Droplets in Modulating Intestinal Uptake of Dietary Fat
Dietary fat absorption is required for health but also contributes to hyperlipidemia and metabolic disease when dysregulated. One step in the process of dietary fat absorption is the formation of cytoplasmic lipid droplets (CLDs) in small intestinal enterocytes; these CLDs serve as dynamic triacylgl...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Annual review of nutrition 2021-10, Vol.41 (1), p.79-104 |
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description | Dietary fat absorption is required for health but also contributes to hyperlipidemia and metabolic disease when dysregulated. One step in the process of dietary fat absorption is the formation of cytoplasmic lipid droplets (CLDs) in small intestinal enterocytes; these CLDs serve as dynamic triacylglycerol storage organelles that influence the rate at which dietary fat is absorbed. Recent studies have uncovered novel factors regulating enterocyte CLD metabolism that in turn influence the absorption of dietary fat. These include peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α activation, compartmentalization of different lipid pools, the gut microbiome, liver X receptor and farnesoid X receptor activation, obesity, and physiological factors stimulating CLD mobilization. Understanding how enterocyte CLD metabolism is regulated is key in modulating the absorption of dietary fat in the prevention of hyperlipidemia and its associated metabolic disorders. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1146/annurev-nutr-110320-013657 |
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One step in the process of dietary fat absorption is the formation of cytoplasmic lipid droplets (CLDs) in small intestinal enterocytes; these CLDs serve as dynamic triacylglycerol storage organelles that influence the rate at which dietary fat is absorbed. Recent studies have uncovered novel factors regulating enterocyte CLD metabolism that in turn influence the absorption of dietary fat. These include peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α activation, compartmentalization of different lipid pools, the gut microbiome, liver X receptor and farnesoid X receptor activation, obesity, and physiological factors stimulating CLD mobilization. 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One step in the process of dietary fat absorption is the formation of cytoplasmic lipid droplets (CLDs) in small intestinal enterocytes; these CLDs serve as dynamic triacylglycerol storage organelles that influence the rate at which dietary fat is absorbed. Recent studies have uncovered novel factors regulating enterocyte CLD metabolism that in turn influence the absorption of dietary fat. These include peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α activation, compartmentalization of different lipid pools, the gut microbiome, liver X receptor and farnesoid X receptor activation, obesity, and physiological factors stimulating CLD mobilization. Understanding how enterocyte CLD metabolism is regulated is key in modulating the absorption of dietary fat in the prevention of hyperlipidemia and its associated metabolic disorders.</description><subject>cytoplasmic lipid droplet</subject><subject>dietary fat absorption</subject><subject>enterocyte</subject><subject>intestine</subject><subject>triacylglycerol</subject><issn>0199-9885</issn><issn>1545-4312</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqVkEtLAzEUhYMotlb_ggRXbqJ5TGYSNyKtVaEiSOs2pDMZjc7LJKP035sy1b2re7mcc-7hA-CM4AtCkvRSN03vzBdq-uAQIZhRjDBhKc_2wJjwhKOEEboPxphIiaQQfASOvH_HGEvG2CEYsYQKJikeg5flm4HPbWU8bEs43YS2q7SvbQ4XtrMFnLl4MMFD28DHtugrHWzzCh-aYHzcdAVXXdAfZuueWRO028C5DsfgoNSVNye7OQGr-e1yeo8WT3cP05sF0izjASVlIXKONStSwWNbIXSekQxzqddrTBMhpSS4YLnRPKWSF4SmnJSS59GfMcom4HzI7Vz72cdKqrY-N1WlG9P2XlHOmaCESxGlV4M0d633zpSqc7aOfRXBastV7biqLVc1cFUD12g-3f3p17Up_qy_IKPgehBsQ3QVY6z59v958QNGZox0</recordid><startdate>20211011</startdate><enddate>20211011</enddate><creator>Zembroski, Alyssa S</creator><creator>Xiao, Changting</creator><creator>Buhman, Kimberly K</creator><general>Annual Reviews</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20211011</creationdate><title>The Roles of Cytoplasmic Lipid Droplets in Modulating Intestinal Uptake of Dietary Fat</title><author>Zembroski, Alyssa S ; Xiao, Changting ; Buhman, Kimberly K</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a375t-4fd8c50a3d68501988ac717059abb024899910d3cea56295d12651f95ca377323</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>cytoplasmic lipid droplet</topic><topic>dietary fat absorption</topic><topic>enterocyte</topic><topic>intestine</topic><topic>triacylglycerol</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Zembroski, Alyssa S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xiao, Changting</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Buhman, Kimberly K</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Annual review of nutrition</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Zembroski, Alyssa S</au><au>Xiao, Changting</au><au>Buhman, Kimberly K</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The Roles of Cytoplasmic Lipid Droplets in Modulating Intestinal Uptake of Dietary Fat</atitle><jtitle>Annual review of nutrition</jtitle><addtitle>Annu Rev Nutr</addtitle><date>2021-10-11</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>41</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>79</spage><epage>104</epage><pages>79-104</pages><issn>0199-9885</issn><eissn>1545-4312</eissn><abstract>Dietary fat absorption is required for health but also contributes to hyperlipidemia and metabolic disease when dysregulated. 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subjects | cytoplasmic lipid droplet dietary fat absorption enterocyte intestine triacylglycerol |
title | The Roles of Cytoplasmic Lipid Droplets in Modulating Intestinal Uptake of Dietary Fat |
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