Change of Direction Biomechanics in a 180-Degree Pivot Turn and the Risk for Noncontact Knee Injuries in Youth Basketball and Floorball Players
Background: Studies investigating biomechanical risk factors for knee injuries in sport-specific tasks are needed. Purpose: To investigate the association between change of direction (COD) biomechanics in a 180-degree pivot turn and knee injury risk among youth team sport players. Study Design: Coho...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | The American journal of sports medicine 2021-08, Vol.49 (10), p.2651-2658 |
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| creator | Leppänen, Mari Parkkari, Jari Vasankari, Tommi Äyrämö, Sami Kulmala, Juha-Pekka Krosshaug, Tron Kannus, Pekka Pasanen, Kati |
| description | Background:
Studies investigating biomechanical risk factors for knee injuries in sport-specific tasks are needed.
Purpose:
To investigate the association between change of direction (COD) biomechanics in a 180-degree pivot turn and knee injury risk among youth team sport players.
Study Design:
Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2.
Methods:
A total of 258 female and male basketball and floorball players (age range, 12-21 years) participated in the baseline COD test and follow-up. Complete data were obtained from 489 player-legs. Injuries, practice, and game exposure were registered for 12 months. The COD test consisted of a quick ball pass before and after a high-speed 180-degree pivot turn on the force plates. The following variables were analyzed: peak vertical ground-reaction force (N/kg); peak trunk lateral flexion angle (degree); peak knee flexion angle (degree); peak knee valgus angle (degree); peak knee flexion moment (N·m/kg); peak knee abduction moment (N·m/kg); and peak knee internal and external rotation moments (N·m/kg). Legs were analyzed separately and the mean of 3 trials was used in the analysis. Main outcome measure was a new acute noncontact knee injury.
Results:
A total of 18 new noncontact knee injuries were registered (0.3 injuries/1000 hours of exposure). Female players sustained 14 knee injuries and male players 4. A higher rate of knee injuries was observed in female players compared with male players (incidence rate ratio, 6.2; 95% CI, 2.1-21.7). Of all knee injuries, 8 were anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries, all in female players. Female players displayed significantly larger peak knee valgus angles compared with male players (mean for female and male players, respectively: 13.9°± 9.4° and 2.0°± 8.5°). No significant associations between biomechanical variables and knee injury risk were found.
Conclusion:
Female players were at increased risk of knee and ACL injury compared with male players. Female players performed the 180-degree pivot turn with significantly larger knee valgus compared with male players. However, none of the investigated variables was associated with knee injury risk in youth basketball and floorball players. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1177/03635465211026944 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_sage_</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2553821568</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sage_id>10.1177_03635465211026944</sage_id><sourcerecordid>2560030321</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c443t-2dc8d9860a60ea69b9a38b32bdfa4cbe3b682e4de3d644c7d46d8e7a17d3d85b3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqNkV9rFDEUxQex2LX6AXwL-CLItPk_2RfBTq0WixapDz4NmeTObrazSZtkKv0UfmWzu6WiIvgUkvs7h3NzquoFwYeENM0RZpIJLgUlBFM55_xRNSNC0JoxKR5Xs8283gD71dOUVhhj0kj1pNpnnComuZpVP9ql9gtAYUAnLoLJLnh07MIaTBk4k5DzSCOicH0CiwiALtxtyOhyiuXdW5SXgL64dIWGENGn4E3wWZuMPvrCnvnVFB1sTb6FKS_RsU5XkHs9jlv16RhC3N4uRn0HMT2r9gY9Jnh-fx5UX0_fXbYf6vPP78_at-e14Zzlmlqj7FxJrCUGLef9XDPVM9rbQXPTA-ulosAtMCs5N43l0ipoNGkss0r07KB6s_O9nvo1WAM-Rz1219Gtdbzrgnbd7xPvlt0i3HaKCSEZLwav7g1iuJkg5W7tkoFx1B7ClDoqBFOUCKkK-vIPdBXK95X1CiUxZphRUiiyo0wMKUUYHsIQ3G3q7v6qu2jUTvMd-jAk48AbeNCVvqUinBOBN9W3LutNvW2YfC7S1_8vLfThjk56Ab_i_zvZTwyBymY</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2560030321</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Change of Direction Biomechanics in a 180-Degree Pivot Turn and the Risk for Noncontact Knee Injuries in Youth Basketball and Floorball Players</title><source>Access via SAGE</source><source>Web of Science - Science Citation Index Expanded - 2021<img src="https://exlibris-pub.s3.amazonaws.com/fromwos-v2.jpg" /></source><source>Alma/SFX Local Collection</source><creator>Leppänen, Mari ; Parkkari, Jari ; Vasankari, Tommi ; Äyrämö, Sami ; Kulmala, Juha-Pekka ; Krosshaug, Tron ; Kannus, Pekka ; Pasanen, Kati</creator><creatorcontrib>Leppänen, Mari ; Parkkari, Jari ; Vasankari, Tommi ; Äyrämö, Sami ; Kulmala, Juha-Pekka ; Krosshaug, Tron ; Kannus, Pekka ; Pasanen, Kati</creatorcontrib><description>Background:
Studies investigating biomechanical risk factors for knee injuries in sport-specific tasks are needed.
Purpose:
To investigate the association between change of direction (COD) biomechanics in a 180-degree pivot turn and knee injury risk among youth team sport players.
Study Design:
Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2.
Methods:
A total of 258 female and male basketball and floorball players (age range, 12-21 years) participated in the baseline COD test and follow-up. Complete data were obtained from 489 player-legs. Injuries, practice, and game exposure were registered for 12 months. The COD test consisted of a quick ball pass before and after a high-speed 180-degree pivot turn on the force plates. The following variables were analyzed: peak vertical ground-reaction force (N/kg); peak trunk lateral flexion angle (degree); peak knee flexion angle (degree); peak knee valgus angle (degree); peak knee flexion moment (N·m/kg); peak knee abduction moment (N·m/kg); and peak knee internal and external rotation moments (N·m/kg). Legs were analyzed separately and the mean of 3 trials was used in the analysis. Main outcome measure was a new acute noncontact knee injury.
Results:
A total of 18 new noncontact knee injuries were registered (0.3 injuries/1000 hours of exposure). Female players sustained 14 knee injuries and male players 4. A higher rate of knee injuries was observed in female players compared with male players (incidence rate ratio, 6.2; 95% CI, 2.1-21.7). Of all knee injuries, 8 were anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries, all in female players. Female players displayed significantly larger peak knee valgus angles compared with male players (mean for female and male players, respectively: 13.9°± 9.4° and 2.0°± 8.5°). No significant associations between biomechanical variables and knee injury risk were found.
Conclusion:
Female players were at increased risk of knee and ACL injury compared with male players. Female players performed the 180-degree pivot turn with significantly larger knee valgus compared with male players. However, none of the investigated variables was associated with knee injury risk in youth basketball and floorball players.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0363-5465</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1552-3365</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1177/03635465211026944</identifier><identifier>PMID: 34283648</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Los Angeles, CA: SAGE Publications</publisher><subject>Basketball ; Biomechanics ; Injuries ; Knee ; Life Sciences & Biomedicine ; Orthopedics ; Science & Technology ; Sport Sciences ; Sports medicine</subject><ispartof>The American journal of sports medicine, 2021-08, Vol.49 (10), p.2651-2658</ispartof><rights>2021 The Author(s)</rights><rights>2021 The Author(s) 2021 American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>true</woscitedreferencessubscribed><woscitedreferencescount>12</woscitedreferencescount><woscitedreferencesoriginalsourcerecordid>wos000681441500001</woscitedreferencesoriginalsourcerecordid><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c443t-2dc8d9860a60ea69b9a38b32bdfa4cbe3b682e4de3d644c7d46d8e7a17d3d85b3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c443t-2dc8d9860a60ea69b9a38b32bdfa4cbe3b682e4de3d644c7d46d8e7a17d3d85b3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-7532-2771 ; 0000-0003-1881-4689 ; 0000-0002-0427-2877 ; 0000-0001-9223-3386</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/03635465211026944$$EPDF$$P50$$Gsage$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/03635465211026944$$EHTML$$P50$$Gsage$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,315,782,786,887,21826,27931,27932,39265,43628,43629</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Leppänen, Mari</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Parkkari, Jari</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vasankari, Tommi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Äyrämö, Sami</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kulmala, Juha-Pekka</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Krosshaug, Tron</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kannus, Pekka</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pasanen, Kati</creatorcontrib><title>Change of Direction Biomechanics in a 180-Degree Pivot Turn and the Risk for Noncontact Knee Injuries in Youth Basketball and Floorball Players</title><title>The American journal of sports medicine</title><addtitle>AM J SPORT MED</addtitle><addtitle>Am J Sports Med</addtitle><description>Background:
Studies investigating biomechanical risk factors for knee injuries in sport-specific tasks are needed.
Purpose:
To investigate the association between change of direction (COD) biomechanics in a 180-degree pivot turn and knee injury risk among youth team sport players.
Study Design:
Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2.
Methods:
A total of 258 female and male basketball and floorball players (age range, 12-21 years) participated in the baseline COD test and follow-up. Complete data were obtained from 489 player-legs. Injuries, practice, and game exposure were registered for 12 months. The COD test consisted of a quick ball pass before and after a high-speed 180-degree pivot turn on the force plates. The following variables were analyzed: peak vertical ground-reaction force (N/kg); peak trunk lateral flexion angle (degree); peak knee flexion angle (degree); peak knee valgus angle (degree); peak knee flexion moment (N·m/kg); peak knee abduction moment (N·m/kg); and peak knee internal and external rotation moments (N·m/kg). Legs were analyzed separately and the mean of 3 trials was used in the analysis. Main outcome measure was a new acute noncontact knee injury.
Results:
A total of 18 new noncontact knee injuries were registered (0.3 injuries/1000 hours of exposure). Female players sustained 14 knee injuries and male players 4. A higher rate of knee injuries was observed in female players compared with male players (incidence rate ratio, 6.2; 95% CI, 2.1-21.7). Of all knee injuries, 8 were anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries, all in female players. Female players displayed significantly larger peak knee valgus angles compared with male players (mean for female and male players, respectively: 13.9°± 9.4° and 2.0°± 8.5°). No significant associations between biomechanical variables and knee injury risk were found.
Conclusion:
Female players were at increased risk of knee and ACL injury compared with male players. Female players performed the 180-degree pivot turn with significantly larger knee valgus compared with male players. However, none of the investigated variables was associated with knee injury risk in youth basketball and floorball players.</description><subject>Basketball</subject><subject>Biomechanics</subject><subject>Injuries</subject><subject>Knee</subject><subject>Life Sciences & Biomedicine</subject><subject>Orthopedics</subject><subject>Science & Technology</subject><subject>Sport Sciences</subject><subject>Sports medicine</subject><issn>0363-5465</issn><issn>1552-3365</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>AFRWT</sourceid><sourceid>HGBXW</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkV9rFDEUxQex2LX6AXwL-CLItPk_2RfBTq0WixapDz4NmeTObrazSZtkKv0UfmWzu6WiIvgUkvs7h3NzquoFwYeENM0RZpIJLgUlBFM55_xRNSNC0JoxKR5Xs8283gD71dOUVhhj0kj1pNpnnComuZpVP9ql9gtAYUAnLoLJLnh07MIaTBk4k5DzSCOicH0CiwiALtxtyOhyiuXdW5SXgL64dIWGENGn4E3wWZuMPvrCnvnVFB1sTb6FKS_RsU5XkHs9jlv16RhC3N4uRn0HMT2r9gY9Jnh-fx5UX0_fXbYf6vPP78_at-e14Zzlmlqj7FxJrCUGLef9XDPVM9rbQXPTA-ulosAtMCs5N43l0ipoNGkss0r07KB6s_O9nvo1WAM-Rz1219Gtdbzrgnbd7xPvlt0i3HaKCSEZLwav7g1iuJkg5W7tkoFx1B7ClDoqBFOUCKkK-vIPdBXK95X1CiUxZphRUiiyo0wMKUUYHsIQ3G3q7v6qu2jUTvMd-jAk48AbeNCVvqUinBOBN9W3LutNvW2YfC7S1_8vLfThjk56Ab_i_zvZTwyBymY</recordid><startdate>20210801</startdate><enddate>20210801</enddate><creator>Leppänen, Mari</creator><creator>Parkkari, Jari</creator><creator>Vasankari, Tommi</creator><creator>Äyrämö, Sami</creator><creator>Kulmala, Juha-Pekka</creator><creator>Krosshaug, Tron</creator><creator>Kannus, Pekka</creator><creator>Pasanen, Kati</creator><general>SAGE Publications</general><general>Sage</general><general>Sage Publications Ltd</general><scope>AFRWT</scope><scope>BLEPL</scope><scope>DTL</scope><scope>HGBXW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TS</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>U9A</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7532-2771</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1881-4689</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0427-2877</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9223-3386</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20210801</creationdate><title>Change of Direction Biomechanics in a 180-Degree Pivot Turn and the Risk for Noncontact Knee Injuries in Youth Basketball and Floorball Players</title><author>Leppänen, Mari ; Parkkari, Jari ; Vasankari, Tommi ; Äyrämö, Sami ; Kulmala, Juha-Pekka ; Krosshaug, Tron ; Kannus, Pekka ; Pasanen, Kati</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c443t-2dc8d9860a60ea69b9a38b32bdfa4cbe3b682e4de3d644c7d46d8e7a17d3d85b3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Basketball</topic><topic>Biomechanics</topic><topic>Injuries</topic><topic>Knee</topic><topic>Life Sciences & Biomedicine</topic><topic>Orthopedics</topic><topic>Science & Technology</topic><topic>Sport Sciences</topic><topic>Sports medicine</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Leppänen, Mari</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Parkkari, Jari</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vasankari, Tommi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Äyrämö, Sami</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kulmala, Juha-Pekka</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Krosshaug, Tron</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kannus, Pekka</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pasanen, Kati</creatorcontrib><collection>Sage Journals GOLD Open Access 2024</collection><collection>Web of Science Core Collection</collection><collection>Science Citation Index Expanded</collection><collection>Web of Science - Science Citation Index Expanded - 2021</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Physical Education Index</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>The American journal of sports medicine</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Leppänen, Mari</au><au>Parkkari, Jari</au><au>Vasankari, Tommi</au><au>Äyrämö, Sami</au><au>Kulmala, Juha-Pekka</au><au>Krosshaug, Tron</au><au>Kannus, Pekka</au><au>Pasanen, Kati</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Change of Direction Biomechanics in a 180-Degree Pivot Turn and the Risk for Noncontact Knee Injuries in Youth Basketball and Floorball Players</atitle><jtitle>The American journal of sports medicine</jtitle><stitle>AM J SPORT MED</stitle><addtitle>Am J Sports Med</addtitle><date>2021-08-01</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>49</volume><issue>10</issue><spage>2651</spage><epage>2658</epage><pages>2651-2658</pages><issn>0363-5465</issn><eissn>1552-3365</eissn><abstract>Background:
Studies investigating biomechanical risk factors for knee injuries in sport-specific tasks are needed.
Purpose:
To investigate the association between change of direction (COD) biomechanics in a 180-degree pivot turn and knee injury risk among youth team sport players.
Study Design:
Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2.
Methods:
A total of 258 female and male basketball and floorball players (age range, 12-21 years) participated in the baseline COD test and follow-up. Complete data were obtained from 489 player-legs. Injuries, practice, and game exposure were registered for 12 months. The COD test consisted of a quick ball pass before and after a high-speed 180-degree pivot turn on the force plates. The following variables were analyzed: peak vertical ground-reaction force (N/kg); peak trunk lateral flexion angle (degree); peak knee flexion angle (degree); peak knee valgus angle (degree); peak knee flexion moment (N·m/kg); peak knee abduction moment (N·m/kg); and peak knee internal and external rotation moments (N·m/kg). Legs were analyzed separately and the mean of 3 trials was used in the analysis. Main outcome measure was a new acute noncontact knee injury.
Results:
A total of 18 new noncontact knee injuries were registered (0.3 injuries/1000 hours of exposure). Female players sustained 14 knee injuries and male players 4. A higher rate of knee injuries was observed in female players compared with male players (incidence rate ratio, 6.2; 95% CI, 2.1-21.7). Of all knee injuries, 8 were anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries, all in female players. Female players displayed significantly larger peak knee valgus angles compared with male players (mean for female and male players, respectively: 13.9°± 9.4° and 2.0°± 8.5°). No significant associations between biomechanical variables and knee injury risk were found.
Conclusion:
Female players were at increased risk of knee and ACL injury compared with male players. Female players performed the 180-degree pivot turn with significantly larger knee valgus compared with male players. However, none of the investigated variables was associated with knee injury risk in youth basketball and floorball players.</abstract><cop>Los Angeles, CA</cop><pub>SAGE Publications</pub><pmid>34283648</pmid><doi>10.1177/03635465211026944</doi><tpages>8</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7532-2771</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1881-4689</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0427-2877</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9223-3386</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Basketball Biomechanics Injuries Knee Life Sciences & Biomedicine Orthopedics Science & Technology Sport Sciences Sports medicine |
| title | Change of Direction Biomechanics in a 180-Degree Pivot Turn and the Risk for Noncontact Knee Injuries in Youth Basketball and Floorball Players |
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