Change of Direction Biomechanics in a 180-Degree Pivot Turn and the Risk for Noncontact Knee Injuries in Youth Basketball and Floorball Players

Background: Studies investigating biomechanical risk factors for knee injuries in sport-specific tasks are needed. Purpose: To investigate the association between change of direction (COD) biomechanics in a 180-degree pivot turn and knee injury risk among youth team sport players. Study Design: Coho...

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Veröffentlicht in:The American journal of sports medicine 2021-08, Vol.49 (10), p.2651-2658
Hauptverfasser: Leppänen, Mari, Parkkari, Jari, Vasankari, Tommi, Äyrämö, Sami, Kulmala, Juha-Pekka, Krosshaug, Tron, Kannus, Pekka, Pasanen, Kati
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container_end_page 2658
container_issue 10
container_start_page 2651
container_title The American journal of sports medicine
container_volume 49
creator Leppänen, Mari
Parkkari, Jari
Vasankari, Tommi
Äyrämö, Sami
Kulmala, Juha-Pekka
Krosshaug, Tron
Kannus, Pekka
Pasanen, Kati
description Background: Studies investigating biomechanical risk factors for knee injuries in sport-specific tasks are needed. Purpose: To investigate the association between change of direction (COD) biomechanics in a 180-degree pivot turn and knee injury risk among youth team sport players. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: A total of 258 female and male basketball and floorball players (age range, 12-21 years) participated in the baseline COD test and follow-up. Complete data were obtained from 489 player-legs. Injuries, practice, and game exposure were registered for 12 months. The COD test consisted of a quick ball pass before and after a high-speed 180-degree pivot turn on the force plates. The following variables were analyzed: peak vertical ground-reaction force (N/kg); peak trunk lateral flexion angle (degree); peak knee flexion angle (degree); peak knee valgus angle (degree); peak knee flexion moment (N·m/kg); peak knee abduction moment (N·m/kg); and peak knee internal and external rotation moments (N·m/kg). Legs were analyzed separately and the mean of 3 trials was used in the analysis. Main outcome measure was a new acute noncontact knee injury. Results: A total of 18 new noncontact knee injuries were registered (0.3 injuries/1000 hours of exposure). Female players sustained 14 knee injuries and male players 4. A higher rate of knee injuries was observed in female players compared with male players (incidence rate ratio, 6.2; 95% CI, 2.1-21.7). Of all knee injuries, 8 were anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries, all in female players. Female players displayed significantly larger peak knee valgus angles compared with male players (mean for female and male players, respectively: 13.9°± 9.4° and 2.0°± 8.5°). No significant associations between biomechanical variables and knee injury risk were found. Conclusion: Female players were at increased risk of knee and ACL injury compared with male players. Female players performed the 180-degree pivot turn with significantly larger knee valgus compared with male players. However, none of the investigated variables was associated with knee injury risk in youth basketball and floorball players.
doi_str_mv 10.1177/03635465211026944
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Purpose: To investigate the association between change of direction (COD) biomechanics in a 180-degree pivot turn and knee injury risk among youth team sport players. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: A total of 258 female and male basketball and floorball players (age range, 12-21 years) participated in the baseline COD test and follow-up. Complete data were obtained from 489 player-legs. Injuries, practice, and game exposure were registered for 12 months. The COD test consisted of a quick ball pass before and after a high-speed 180-degree pivot turn on the force plates. The following variables were analyzed: peak vertical ground-reaction force (N/kg); peak trunk lateral flexion angle (degree); peak knee flexion angle (degree); peak knee valgus angle (degree); peak knee flexion moment (N·m/kg); peak knee abduction moment (N·m/kg); and peak knee internal and external rotation moments (N·m/kg). Legs were analyzed separately and the mean of 3 trials was used in the analysis. Main outcome measure was a new acute noncontact knee injury. Results: A total of 18 new noncontact knee injuries were registered (0.3 injuries/1000 hours of exposure). Female players sustained 14 knee injuries and male players 4. A higher rate of knee injuries was observed in female players compared with male players (incidence rate ratio, 6.2; 95% CI, 2.1-21.7). Of all knee injuries, 8 were anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries, all in female players. Female players displayed significantly larger peak knee valgus angles compared with male players (mean for female and male players, respectively: 13.9°± 9.4° and 2.0°± 8.5°). No significant associations between biomechanical variables and knee injury risk were found. Conclusion: Female players were at increased risk of knee and ACL injury compared with male players. 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Purpose: To investigate the association between change of direction (COD) biomechanics in a 180-degree pivot turn and knee injury risk among youth team sport players. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: A total of 258 female and male basketball and floorball players (age range, 12-21 years) participated in the baseline COD test and follow-up. Complete data were obtained from 489 player-legs. Injuries, practice, and game exposure were registered for 12 months. The COD test consisted of a quick ball pass before and after a high-speed 180-degree pivot turn on the force plates. The following variables were analyzed: peak vertical ground-reaction force (N/kg); peak trunk lateral flexion angle (degree); peak knee flexion angle (degree); peak knee valgus angle (degree); peak knee flexion moment (N·m/kg); peak knee abduction moment (N·m/kg); and peak knee internal and external rotation moments (N·m/kg). Legs were analyzed separately and the mean of 3 trials was used in the analysis. Main outcome measure was a new acute noncontact knee injury. Results: A total of 18 new noncontact knee injuries were registered (0.3 injuries/1000 hours of exposure). Female players sustained 14 knee injuries and male players 4. A higher rate of knee injuries was observed in female players compared with male players (incidence rate ratio, 6.2; 95% CI, 2.1-21.7). Of all knee injuries, 8 were anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries, all in female players. Female players displayed significantly larger peak knee valgus angles compared with male players (mean for female and male players, respectively: 13.9°± 9.4° and 2.0°± 8.5°). No significant associations between biomechanical variables and knee injury risk were found. Conclusion: Female players were at increased risk of knee and ACL injury compared with male players. Female players performed the 180-degree pivot turn with significantly larger knee valgus compared with male players. However, none of the investigated variables was associated with knee injury risk in youth basketball and floorball players.</description><subject>Basketball</subject><subject>Biomechanics</subject><subject>Injuries</subject><subject>Knee</subject><subject>Life Sciences &amp; Biomedicine</subject><subject>Orthopedics</subject><subject>Science &amp; Technology</subject><subject>Sport Sciences</subject><subject>Sports medicine</subject><issn>0363-5465</issn><issn>1552-3365</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>AFRWT</sourceid><sourceid>HGBXW</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkV9rFDEUxQex2LX6AXwL-CLItPk_2RfBTq0WixapDz4NmeTObrazSZtkKv0UfmWzu6WiIvgUkvs7h3NzquoFwYeENM0RZpIJLgUlBFM55_xRNSNC0JoxKR5Xs8283gD71dOUVhhj0kj1pNpnnComuZpVP9ql9gtAYUAnLoLJLnh07MIaTBk4k5DzSCOicH0CiwiALtxtyOhyiuXdW5SXgL64dIWGENGn4E3wWZuMPvrCnvnVFB1sTb6FKS_RsU5XkHs9jlv16RhC3N4uRn0HMT2r9gY9Jnh-fx5UX0_fXbYf6vPP78_at-e14Zzlmlqj7FxJrCUGLef9XDPVM9rbQXPTA-ulosAtMCs5N43l0ipoNGkss0r07KB6s_O9nvo1WAM-Rz1219Gtdbzrgnbd7xPvlt0i3HaKCSEZLwav7g1iuJkg5W7tkoFx1B7ClDoqBFOUCKkK-vIPdBXK95X1CiUxZphRUiiyo0wMKUUYHsIQ3G3q7v6qu2jUTvMd-jAk48AbeNCVvqUinBOBN9W3LutNvW2YfC7S1_8vLfThjk56Ab_i_zvZTwyBymY</recordid><startdate>20210801</startdate><enddate>20210801</enddate><creator>Leppänen, Mari</creator><creator>Parkkari, Jari</creator><creator>Vasankari, Tommi</creator><creator>Äyrämö, Sami</creator><creator>Kulmala, Juha-Pekka</creator><creator>Krosshaug, Tron</creator><creator>Kannus, Pekka</creator><creator>Pasanen, Kati</creator><general>SAGE Publications</general><general>Sage</general><general>Sage Publications Ltd</general><scope>AFRWT</scope><scope>BLEPL</scope><scope>DTL</scope><scope>HGBXW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TS</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>U9A</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7532-2771</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1881-4689</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0427-2877</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9223-3386</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20210801</creationdate><title>Change of Direction Biomechanics in a 180-Degree Pivot Turn and the Risk for Noncontact Knee Injuries in Youth Basketball and Floorball Players</title><author>Leppänen, Mari ; 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Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing &amp; Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>The American journal of sports medicine</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Leppänen, Mari</au><au>Parkkari, Jari</au><au>Vasankari, Tommi</au><au>Äyrämö, Sami</au><au>Kulmala, Juha-Pekka</au><au>Krosshaug, Tron</au><au>Kannus, Pekka</au><au>Pasanen, Kati</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Change of Direction Biomechanics in a 180-Degree Pivot Turn and the Risk for Noncontact Knee Injuries in Youth Basketball and Floorball Players</atitle><jtitle>The American journal of sports medicine</jtitle><stitle>AM J SPORT MED</stitle><addtitle>Am J Sports Med</addtitle><date>2021-08-01</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>49</volume><issue>10</issue><spage>2651</spage><epage>2658</epage><pages>2651-2658</pages><issn>0363-5465</issn><eissn>1552-3365</eissn><abstract>Background: Studies investigating biomechanical risk factors for knee injuries in sport-specific tasks are needed. Purpose: To investigate the association between change of direction (COD) biomechanics in a 180-degree pivot turn and knee injury risk among youth team sport players. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: A total of 258 female and male basketball and floorball players (age range, 12-21 years) participated in the baseline COD test and follow-up. Complete data were obtained from 489 player-legs. Injuries, practice, and game exposure were registered for 12 months. The COD test consisted of a quick ball pass before and after a high-speed 180-degree pivot turn on the force plates. The following variables were analyzed: peak vertical ground-reaction force (N/kg); peak trunk lateral flexion angle (degree); peak knee flexion angle (degree); peak knee valgus angle (degree); peak knee flexion moment (N·m/kg); peak knee abduction moment (N·m/kg); and peak knee internal and external rotation moments (N·m/kg). Legs were analyzed separately and the mean of 3 trials was used in the analysis. Main outcome measure was a new acute noncontact knee injury. Results: A total of 18 new noncontact knee injuries were registered (0.3 injuries/1000 hours of exposure). Female players sustained 14 knee injuries and male players 4. A higher rate of knee injuries was observed in female players compared with male players (incidence rate ratio, 6.2; 95% CI, 2.1-21.7). Of all knee injuries, 8 were anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries, all in female players. Female players displayed significantly larger peak knee valgus angles compared with male players (mean for female and male players, respectively: 13.9°± 9.4° and 2.0°± 8.5°). No significant associations between biomechanical variables and knee injury risk were found. Conclusion: Female players were at increased risk of knee and ACL injury compared with male players. Female players performed the 180-degree pivot turn with significantly larger knee valgus compared with male players. However, none of the investigated variables was associated with knee injury risk in youth basketball and floorball players.</abstract><cop>Los Angeles, CA</cop><pub>SAGE Publications</pub><pmid>34283648</pmid><doi>10.1177/03635465211026944</doi><tpages>8</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7532-2771</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1881-4689</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0427-2877</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9223-3386</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects Basketball
Biomechanics
Injuries
Knee
Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Orthopedics
Science & Technology
Sport Sciences
Sports medicine
title Change of Direction Biomechanics in a 180-Degree Pivot Turn and the Risk for Noncontact Knee Injuries in Youth Basketball and Floorball Players
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