The shadow of the Balbina dam: A synthesis of over 35 years of downstream impacts on floodplain forests in Central Amazonia

The Balbina hydropower dam in the Central Amazon basin, established in the Uatumã River in the 1980s, is emblematic for its socio‐environmental disaster. Its environmental impacts go far beyond the reservoir and dam, however, affecting the floodplain forests (igapó) in the downstream area (dam shado...

Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:
Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:Aquatic conservation 2021-05, Vol.31 (5), p.1117-1135
Hauptverfasser: Schöngart, Jochen, Wittmann, Florian, Faria de Resende, Angélica, Assahira, Cyro, Sousa Lobo, Guilherme, Rocha Duarte Neves, Juliana, Rocha, Maíra, Biem Mori, Gisele, Costa Quaresma, Adriano, Oreste Demarchi, Layon, Weiss Albuquerque, Bianca, Oliveira Feitosa, Yuri, Silva Costa, Gilvan, Vieira Feitoza, Gildo, Machado Durgante, Flávia, Lopes, Aline, Trumbore, Susan E., Sanna Freire Silva, Thiago, Steege, Hans, Val, Adalberto Luis, Junk, Wolfgang J., Piedade, Maria Teresa Fernandez
Format: Artikel
Sprache:eng
Schlagworte:
Online-Zugang:Volltext
Tags: Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
container_end_page 1135
container_issue 5
container_start_page 1117
container_title Aquatic conservation
container_volume 31
creator Schöngart, Jochen
Wittmann, Florian
Faria de Resende, Angélica
Assahira, Cyro
Sousa Lobo, Guilherme
Rocha Duarte Neves, Juliana
Rocha, Maíra
Biem Mori, Gisele
Costa Quaresma, Adriano
Oreste Demarchi, Layon
Weiss Albuquerque, Bianca
Oliveira Feitosa, Yuri
Silva Costa, Gilvan
Vieira Feitoza, Gildo
Machado Durgante, Flávia
Lopes, Aline
Trumbore, Susan E.
Sanna Freire Silva, Thiago
Steege, Hans
Val, Adalberto Luis
Junk, Wolfgang J.
Piedade, Maria Teresa Fernandez
description The Balbina hydropower dam in the Central Amazon basin, established in the Uatumã River in the 1980s, is emblematic for its socio‐environmental disaster. Its environmental impacts go far beyond the reservoir and dam, however, affecting the floodplain forests (igapó) in the downstream area (dam shadow), which have been assessed using a transdisciplinary research approach, synthesized in this review. Floodplain tree species are adapted to a regular and predictable flood pulse, with high‐ and low‐water periods occurring during the year. This was severely affected by the operation of the Balbina dam, which caused the suppression of both the aquatic phase at higher floodplain elevations and the terrestrial phase at lower floodplain elevations (termed the ‘sandwich effect’). During the period of construction and reservoir fill, large‐scale mortality already occurred in the floodplains of the dam shadow as a result of reduced stream flow, in synergy with severe drought conditions induced by El Niño events, causing hydraulic failure and making floodplains vulnerable to wildfires. During the operational period of the dam, permanent flooding conditions at low topographical elevations resulted in massive tree mortality. So far, 12% of the igapó forests have died along a downstream river stretch of more than 125 km. As a result of flood suppression at the highest elevations, an encroachment of secondary tree species from upland (terra firme) forests occurred. More than 35 years after the implementation of the Balbina dam, the downstream impacts caused massive losses of macrohabitats, ecosystem services, and diversity of flood‐adapted tree species, probably cascading down to the entire food web, which must be considered in conservation management. These findings are discussed critically, emphasizing the urgent need for the Brazilian environmental regulatory agencies to incorporate downstream impacts in the environmental assessments of several dam projects planned for the Amazon region.
doi_str_mv 10.1002/aqc.3526
format Article
fullrecord <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2552024928</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2552024928</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3996-4d2ba40c4e7f4814ba67383e830772290e45e6aef54cf9ce68d79e6f56d39c323</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp1kVtLw0AQhYMoWKvgT1jwxZfUzd6S9a0WbyCIUJ_DdDOhKUk23U0t0T_vthUEwac5c-abYeBE0WVCJwml7AbWZsIlU0fRKKFaxzSV8ninJYtTlfDT6Mz7FaVUq0SNoq_5EolfQmG3xJakD90d1IuqBVJAc0umxA9tcH3ld3P7gY5wSQYEtzfCXut7h9CQqunA9MFtSVlbW3Q1VEFahz64Qc6w7R3UZNrAp20rOI9OSqg9XvzUcfT-cD-fPcUvr4_Ps-lLbLjWKhYFW4CgRmBaiiwRC1ApzzhmnKYpY5qikKgASylMqQ2qrEg1qlKqgmvDGR9H14e7nbPrTfgmbypvsK6hRbvxOZOSUSY0ywJ69Qdd2Y1rw3eBYkIJlgrxe9A4673DMu9c1YAb8oTmuxTykEK-SyGg8QHdVjUO_3L59G22578BpnaHsw</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2524642744</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>The shadow of the Balbina dam: A synthesis of over 35 years of downstream impacts on floodplain forests in Central Amazonia</title><source>Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete</source><creator>Schöngart, Jochen ; Wittmann, Florian ; Faria de Resende, Angélica ; Assahira, Cyro ; Sousa Lobo, Guilherme ; Rocha Duarte Neves, Juliana ; Rocha, Maíra ; Biem Mori, Gisele ; Costa Quaresma, Adriano ; Oreste Demarchi, Layon ; Weiss Albuquerque, Bianca ; Oliveira Feitosa, Yuri ; Silva Costa, Gilvan ; Vieira Feitoza, Gildo ; Machado Durgante, Flávia ; Lopes, Aline ; Trumbore, Susan E. ; Sanna Freire Silva, Thiago ; Steege, Hans ; Val, Adalberto Luis ; Junk, Wolfgang J. ; Piedade, Maria Teresa Fernandez</creator><creatorcontrib>Schöngart, Jochen ; Wittmann, Florian ; Faria de Resende, Angélica ; Assahira, Cyro ; Sousa Lobo, Guilherme ; Rocha Duarte Neves, Juliana ; Rocha, Maíra ; Biem Mori, Gisele ; Costa Quaresma, Adriano ; Oreste Demarchi, Layon ; Weiss Albuquerque, Bianca ; Oliveira Feitosa, Yuri ; Silva Costa, Gilvan ; Vieira Feitoza, Gildo ; Machado Durgante, Flávia ; Lopes, Aline ; Trumbore, Susan E. ; Sanna Freire Silva, Thiago ; Steege, Hans ; Val, Adalberto Luis ; Junk, Wolfgang J. ; Piedade, Maria Teresa Fernandez</creatorcontrib><description>The Balbina hydropower dam in the Central Amazon basin, established in the Uatumã River in the 1980s, is emblematic for its socio‐environmental disaster. Its environmental impacts go far beyond the reservoir and dam, however, affecting the floodplain forests (igapó) in the downstream area (dam shadow), which have been assessed using a transdisciplinary research approach, synthesized in this review. Floodplain tree species are adapted to a regular and predictable flood pulse, with high‐ and low‐water periods occurring during the year. This was severely affected by the operation of the Balbina dam, which caused the suppression of both the aquatic phase at higher floodplain elevations and the terrestrial phase at lower floodplain elevations (termed the ‘sandwich effect’). During the period of construction and reservoir fill, large‐scale mortality already occurred in the floodplains of the dam shadow as a result of reduced stream flow, in synergy with severe drought conditions induced by El Niño events, causing hydraulic failure and making floodplains vulnerable to wildfires. During the operational period of the dam, permanent flooding conditions at low topographical elevations resulted in massive tree mortality. So far, 12% of the igapó forests have died along a downstream river stretch of more than 125 km. As a result of flood suppression at the highest elevations, an encroachment of secondary tree species from upland (terra firme) forests occurred. More than 35 years after the implementation of the Balbina dam, the downstream impacts caused massive losses of macrohabitats, ecosystem services, and diversity of flood‐adapted tree species, probably cascading down to the entire food web, which must be considered in conservation management. These findings are discussed critically, emphasizing the urgent need for the Brazilian environmental regulatory agencies to incorporate downstream impacts in the environmental assessments of several dam projects planned for the Amazon region.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1052-7613</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1099-0755</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/aqc.3526</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</publisher><subject>Amazonia ; basins ; Cascading ; Dams ; dams (hydrology) ; disturbance ; Downstream ; Downstream effects ; Drought ; Ecological research ; Ecosystem services ; ecosystems ; El Nino ; El Nino phenomena ; Encroachment ; Environmental assessment ; Environmental impact ; Flood predictions ; flood pulse ; Flooding ; Floodplains ; Floods ; Food chains ; Food webs ; Forests ; highlands ; Hydroelectric dams ; Hydroelectric power ; hydropower dam ; igapó ; long‐term ecological research (LTER) ; Mortality ; Plant species ; Reservoir construction ; Reservoirs ; River basins ; Rivers ; Shadows ; Species ; Stream discharge ; Stream flow ; tree mortality ; trees ; Uatumã River ; wildfire ; Wildfires</subject><ispartof>Aquatic conservation, 2021-05, Vol.31 (5), p.1117-1135</ispartof><rights>2021 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3996-4d2ba40c4e7f4814ba67383e830772290e45e6aef54cf9ce68d79e6f56d39c323</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3996-4d2ba40c4e7f4814ba67383e830772290e45e6aef54cf9ce68d79e6f56d39c323</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-7320-0498 ; 0000-0001-9180-356X ; 0000-0002-5714-5935 ; 0000-0002-8587-5943 ; 0000-0002-7696-9657 ; 0000-0002-2050-9897 ; 0000-0003-3885-6202 ; 0000-0002-0909-9639 ; 0000-0001-7351-7164 ; 0000-0001-5771-4643 ; 0000-0002-5517-8821 ; 0000-0002-3823-3868 ; 0000-0001-8441-2106 ; 0000-0002-8738-2659 ; 0000-0001-6095-1674 ; 0000-0002-6825-9508 ; 0000-0002-3684-2635 ; 0000-0001-6398-9045 ; 0000-0002-9875-1122 ; 0000-0001-8702-7131</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002%2Faqc.3526$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002%2Faqc.3526$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,1411,27901,27902,45550,45551</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Schöngart, Jochen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wittmann, Florian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Faria de Resende, Angélica</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Assahira, Cyro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sousa Lobo, Guilherme</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rocha Duarte Neves, Juliana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rocha, Maíra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Biem Mori, Gisele</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Costa Quaresma, Adriano</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oreste Demarchi, Layon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Weiss Albuquerque, Bianca</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oliveira Feitosa, Yuri</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Silva Costa, Gilvan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vieira Feitoza, Gildo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Machado Durgante, Flávia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lopes, Aline</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Trumbore, Susan E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sanna Freire Silva, Thiago</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Steege, Hans</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Val, Adalberto Luis</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Junk, Wolfgang J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Piedade, Maria Teresa Fernandez</creatorcontrib><title>The shadow of the Balbina dam: A synthesis of over 35 years of downstream impacts on floodplain forests in Central Amazonia</title><title>Aquatic conservation</title><description>The Balbina hydropower dam in the Central Amazon basin, established in the Uatumã River in the 1980s, is emblematic for its socio‐environmental disaster. Its environmental impacts go far beyond the reservoir and dam, however, affecting the floodplain forests (igapó) in the downstream area (dam shadow), which have been assessed using a transdisciplinary research approach, synthesized in this review. Floodplain tree species are adapted to a regular and predictable flood pulse, with high‐ and low‐water periods occurring during the year. This was severely affected by the operation of the Balbina dam, which caused the suppression of both the aquatic phase at higher floodplain elevations and the terrestrial phase at lower floodplain elevations (termed the ‘sandwich effect’). During the period of construction and reservoir fill, large‐scale mortality already occurred in the floodplains of the dam shadow as a result of reduced stream flow, in synergy with severe drought conditions induced by El Niño events, causing hydraulic failure and making floodplains vulnerable to wildfires. During the operational period of the dam, permanent flooding conditions at low topographical elevations resulted in massive tree mortality. So far, 12% of the igapó forests have died along a downstream river stretch of more than 125 km. As a result of flood suppression at the highest elevations, an encroachment of secondary tree species from upland (terra firme) forests occurred. More than 35 years after the implementation of the Balbina dam, the downstream impacts caused massive losses of macrohabitats, ecosystem services, and diversity of flood‐adapted tree species, probably cascading down to the entire food web, which must be considered in conservation management. These findings are discussed critically, emphasizing the urgent need for the Brazilian environmental regulatory agencies to incorporate downstream impacts in the environmental assessments of several dam projects planned for the Amazon region.</description><subject>Amazonia</subject><subject>basins</subject><subject>Cascading</subject><subject>Dams</subject><subject>dams (hydrology)</subject><subject>disturbance</subject><subject>Downstream</subject><subject>Downstream effects</subject><subject>Drought</subject><subject>Ecological research</subject><subject>Ecosystem services</subject><subject>ecosystems</subject><subject>El Nino</subject><subject>El Nino phenomena</subject><subject>Encroachment</subject><subject>Environmental assessment</subject><subject>Environmental impact</subject><subject>Flood predictions</subject><subject>flood pulse</subject><subject>Flooding</subject><subject>Floodplains</subject><subject>Floods</subject><subject>Food chains</subject><subject>Food webs</subject><subject>Forests</subject><subject>highlands</subject><subject>Hydroelectric dams</subject><subject>Hydroelectric power</subject><subject>hydropower dam</subject><subject>igapó</subject><subject>long‐term ecological research (LTER)</subject><subject>Mortality</subject><subject>Plant species</subject><subject>Reservoir construction</subject><subject>Reservoirs</subject><subject>River basins</subject><subject>Rivers</subject><subject>Shadows</subject><subject>Species</subject><subject>Stream discharge</subject><subject>Stream flow</subject><subject>tree mortality</subject><subject>trees</subject><subject>Uatumã River</subject><subject>wildfire</subject><subject>Wildfires</subject><issn>1052-7613</issn><issn>1099-0755</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp1kVtLw0AQhYMoWKvgT1jwxZfUzd6S9a0WbyCIUJ_DdDOhKUk23U0t0T_vthUEwac5c-abYeBE0WVCJwml7AbWZsIlU0fRKKFaxzSV8ninJYtTlfDT6Mz7FaVUq0SNoq_5EolfQmG3xJakD90d1IuqBVJAc0umxA9tcH3ld3P7gY5wSQYEtzfCXut7h9CQqunA9MFtSVlbW3Q1VEFahz64Qc6w7R3UZNrAp20rOI9OSqg9XvzUcfT-cD-fPcUvr4_Ps-lLbLjWKhYFW4CgRmBaiiwRC1ApzzhmnKYpY5qikKgASylMqQ2qrEg1qlKqgmvDGR9H14e7nbPrTfgmbypvsK6hRbvxOZOSUSY0ywJ69Qdd2Y1rw3eBYkIJlgrxe9A4673DMu9c1YAb8oTmuxTykEK-SyGg8QHdVjUO_3L59G22578BpnaHsw</recordid><startdate>202105</startdate><enddate>202105</enddate><creator>Schöngart, Jochen</creator><creator>Wittmann, Florian</creator><creator>Faria de Resende, Angélica</creator><creator>Assahira, Cyro</creator><creator>Sousa Lobo, Guilherme</creator><creator>Rocha Duarte Neves, Juliana</creator><creator>Rocha, Maíra</creator><creator>Biem Mori, Gisele</creator><creator>Costa Quaresma, Adriano</creator><creator>Oreste Demarchi, Layon</creator><creator>Weiss Albuquerque, Bianca</creator><creator>Oliveira Feitosa, Yuri</creator><creator>Silva Costa, Gilvan</creator><creator>Vieira Feitoza, Gildo</creator><creator>Machado Durgante, Flávia</creator><creator>Lopes, Aline</creator><creator>Trumbore, Susan E.</creator><creator>Sanna Freire Silva, Thiago</creator><creator>Steege, Hans</creator><creator>Val, Adalberto Luis</creator><creator>Junk, Wolfgang J.</creator><creator>Piedade, Maria Teresa Fernandez</creator><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QH</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TN</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>H95</scope><scope>H99</scope><scope>L.F</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>7S9</scope><scope>L.6</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7320-0498</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9180-356X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5714-5935</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8587-5943</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7696-9657</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2050-9897</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3885-6202</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0909-9639</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7351-7164</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5771-4643</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5517-8821</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3823-3868</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8441-2106</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8738-2659</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6095-1674</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6825-9508</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3684-2635</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6398-9045</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9875-1122</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8702-7131</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202105</creationdate><title>The shadow of the Balbina dam: A synthesis of over 35 years of downstream impacts on floodplain forests in Central Amazonia</title><author>Schöngart, Jochen ; Wittmann, Florian ; Faria de Resende, Angélica ; Assahira, Cyro ; Sousa Lobo, Guilherme ; Rocha Duarte Neves, Juliana ; Rocha, Maíra ; Biem Mori, Gisele ; Costa Quaresma, Adriano ; Oreste Demarchi, Layon ; Weiss Albuquerque, Bianca ; Oliveira Feitosa, Yuri ; Silva Costa, Gilvan ; Vieira Feitoza, Gildo ; Machado Durgante, Flávia ; Lopes, Aline ; Trumbore, Susan E. ; Sanna Freire Silva, Thiago ; Steege, Hans ; Val, Adalberto Luis ; Junk, Wolfgang J. ; Piedade, Maria Teresa Fernandez</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3996-4d2ba40c4e7f4814ba67383e830772290e45e6aef54cf9ce68d79e6f56d39c323</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Amazonia</topic><topic>basins</topic><topic>Cascading</topic><topic>Dams</topic><topic>dams (hydrology)</topic><topic>disturbance</topic><topic>Downstream</topic><topic>Downstream effects</topic><topic>Drought</topic><topic>Ecological research</topic><topic>Ecosystem services</topic><topic>ecosystems</topic><topic>El Nino</topic><topic>El Nino phenomena</topic><topic>Encroachment</topic><topic>Environmental assessment</topic><topic>Environmental impact</topic><topic>Flood predictions</topic><topic>flood pulse</topic><topic>Flooding</topic><topic>Floodplains</topic><topic>Floods</topic><topic>Food chains</topic><topic>Food webs</topic><topic>Forests</topic><topic>highlands</topic><topic>Hydroelectric dams</topic><topic>Hydroelectric power</topic><topic>hydropower dam</topic><topic>igapó</topic><topic>long‐term ecological research (LTER)</topic><topic>Mortality</topic><topic>Plant species</topic><topic>Reservoir construction</topic><topic>Reservoirs</topic><topic>River basins</topic><topic>Rivers</topic><topic>Shadows</topic><topic>Species</topic><topic>Stream discharge</topic><topic>Stream flow</topic><topic>tree mortality</topic><topic>trees</topic><topic>Uatumã River</topic><topic>wildfire</topic><topic>Wildfires</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Schöngart, Jochen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wittmann, Florian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Faria de Resende, Angélica</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Assahira, Cyro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sousa Lobo, Guilherme</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rocha Duarte Neves, Juliana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rocha, Maíra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Biem Mori, Gisele</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Costa Quaresma, Adriano</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oreste Demarchi, Layon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Weiss Albuquerque, Bianca</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oliveira Feitosa, Yuri</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Silva Costa, Gilvan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vieira Feitoza, Gildo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Machado Durgante, Flávia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lopes, Aline</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Trumbore, Susan E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sanna Freire Silva, Thiago</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Steege, Hans</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Val, Adalberto Luis</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Junk, Wolfgang J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Piedade, Maria Teresa Fernandez</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Aqualine</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Oceanic Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Water Resources Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science &amp; Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 1: Biological Sciences &amp; Living Resources</collection><collection>ASFA: Marine Biotechnology Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science &amp; Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Marine Biotechnology Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science &amp; Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>AGRICOLA</collection><collection>AGRICOLA - Academic</collection><jtitle>Aquatic conservation</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Schöngart, Jochen</au><au>Wittmann, Florian</au><au>Faria de Resende, Angélica</au><au>Assahira, Cyro</au><au>Sousa Lobo, Guilherme</au><au>Rocha Duarte Neves, Juliana</au><au>Rocha, Maíra</au><au>Biem Mori, Gisele</au><au>Costa Quaresma, Adriano</au><au>Oreste Demarchi, Layon</au><au>Weiss Albuquerque, Bianca</au><au>Oliveira Feitosa, Yuri</au><au>Silva Costa, Gilvan</au><au>Vieira Feitoza, Gildo</au><au>Machado Durgante, Flávia</au><au>Lopes, Aline</au><au>Trumbore, Susan E.</au><au>Sanna Freire Silva, Thiago</au><au>Steege, Hans</au><au>Val, Adalberto Luis</au><au>Junk, Wolfgang J.</au><au>Piedade, Maria Teresa Fernandez</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The shadow of the Balbina dam: A synthesis of over 35 years of downstream impacts on floodplain forests in Central Amazonia</atitle><jtitle>Aquatic conservation</jtitle><date>2021-05</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>31</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>1117</spage><epage>1135</epage><pages>1117-1135</pages><issn>1052-7613</issn><eissn>1099-0755</eissn><abstract>The Balbina hydropower dam in the Central Amazon basin, established in the Uatumã River in the 1980s, is emblematic for its socio‐environmental disaster. Its environmental impacts go far beyond the reservoir and dam, however, affecting the floodplain forests (igapó) in the downstream area (dam shadow), which have been assessed using a transdisciplinary research approach, synthesized in this review. Floodplain tree species are adapted to a regular and predictable flood pulse, with high‐ and low‐water periods occurring during the year. This was severely affected by the operation of the Balbina dam, which caused the suppression of both the aquatic phase at higher floodplain elevations and the terrestrial phase at lower floodplain elevations (termed the ‘sandwich effect’). During the period of construction and reservoir fill, large‐scale mortality already occurred in the floodplains of the dam shadow as a result of reduced stream flow, in synergy with severe drought conditions induced by El Niño events, causing hydraulic failure and making floodplains vulnerable to wildfires. During the operational period of the dam, permanent flooding conditions at low topographical elevations resulted in massive tree mortality. So far, 12% of the igapó forests have died along a downstream river stretch of more than 125 km. As a result of flood suppression at the highest elevations, an encroachment of secondary tree species from upland (terra firme) forests occurred. More than 35 years after the implementation of the Balbina dam, the downstream impacts caused massive losses of macrohabitats, ecosystem services, and diversity of flood‐adapted tree species, probably cascading down to the entire food web, which must be considered in conservation management. These findings are discussed critically, emphasizing the urgent need for the Brazilian environmental regulatory agencies to incorporate downstream impacts in the environmental assessments of several dam projects planned for the Amazon region.</abstract><cop>Oxford</cop><pub>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</pub><doi>10.1002/aqc.3526</doi><tpages>19</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7320-0498</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9180-356X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5714-5935</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8587-5943</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7696-9657</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2050-9897</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3885-6202</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0909-9639</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7351-7164</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5771-4643</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5517-8821</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3823-3868</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8441-2106</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8738-2659</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6095-1674</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6825-9508</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3684-2635</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6398-9045</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9875-1122</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8702-7131</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
fulltext fulltext
identifier ISSN: 1052-7613
ispartof Aquatic conservation, 2021-05, Vol.31 (5), p.1117-1135
issn 1052-7613
1099-0755
language eng
recordid cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2552024928
source Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete
subjects Amazonia
basins
Cascading
Dams
dams (hydrology)
disturbance
Downstream
Downstream effects
Drought
Ecological research
Ecosystem services
ecosystems
El Nino
El Nino phenomena
Encroachment
Environmental assessment
Environmental impact
Flood predictions
flood pulse
Flooding
Floodplains
Floods
Food chains
Food webs
Forests
highlands
Hydroelectric dams
Hydroelectric power
hydropower dam
igapó
long‐term ecological research (LTER)
Mortality
Plant species
Reservoir construction
Reservoirs
River basins
Rivers
Shadows
Species
Stream discharge
Stream flow
tree mortality
trees
Uatumã River
wildfire
Wildfires
title The shadow of the Balbina dam: A synthesis of over 35 years of downstream impacts on floodplain forests in Central Amazonia
url https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-28T15%3A16%3A06IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The%20shadow%20of%20the%20Balbina%20dam:%20A%20synthesis%20of%20over%2035%20years%20of%20downstream%20impacts%20on%20floodplain%20forests%20in%20Central%20Amazonia&rft.jtitle=Aquatic%20conservation&rft.au=Sch%C3%B6ngart,%20Jochen&rft.date=2021-05&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1117&rft.epage=1135&rft.pages=1117-1135&rft.issn=1052-7613&rft.eissn=1099-0755&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002/aqc.3526&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E2552024928%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2524642744&rft_id=info:pmid/&rfr_iscdi=true