Intracellular versus extracellular antibiotic resistance genes in the environment: Prevalence, horizontal transfer, and mitigation strategies

[Display omitted] •iARGs are more prevalent in nutrient rich environments such as manure and wastewater.•eARGs are the dominant ARG fraction in receiving aquatic environments.•Natural transformation of eARGs plays a crucial role in spread of antibiotic resistance.•iARGs and eARGs have differing resp...

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