New Protected Areas in Norway: Local Participation without Gender Equality
In Norway, as in many other countries, new protected areas are currently being established and managed with strong policy references to “local participation.” Is this policy implemented in a way that incorporates the concern for gender equality? The present article provides data from a study of 2 ca...
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description | In Norway, as in many other countries, new protected areas are currently being established and managed with strong policy references to “local participation.” Is this policy implemented in a way that incorporates the concern for gender equality? The present article provides data from a study of 2 cases in which new protected areas have recently been established. The first is the Dovre Mountains Conservation Plan ( Verneplan for Dovrefjell), which was adopted in 2002 and includes Dovrefjell-Sunndalsfjella National Park. In the second case, the focus is on an area which was established in 2004 as the Geiranger-Herdalen Landscape Protected Area (landskapsvernområde). It is argued that one could expect Norway—perhaps more than any other country—to implement local participation in protected area establishment in a way that ensures gender equality. However, the results of the study show that local participation within the context of conservation issues ignores policies and legislation on gender equality. These findings are analyzed and causes for this state of affairs are shown to reside in structural features on the one hand, and the lack of demand for female candidates in local elections and appointments on the other. It is concluded that the main factor explaining this situation is neglect by Norwegian conservation authorities of their responsibility for gender mainstreaming. Efforts to legitimate conservation with reference to local participation are seen as problematical when local women are involved only to a very limited extent. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1659/0276-4741(2006)026[0048:NPAINL]2.0.CO;2 |
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The present article provides data from a study of 2 cases in which new protected areas have recently been established. The first is the Dovre Mountains Conservation Plan ( Verneplan for Dovrefjell), which was adopted in 2002 and includes Dovrefjell-Sunndalsfjella National Park. In the second case, the focus is on an area which was established in 2004 as the Geiranger-Herdalen Landscape Protected Area (landskapsvernområde). It is argued that one could expect Norway—perhaps more than any other country—to implement local participation in protected area establishment in a way that ensures gender equality. However, the results of the study show that local participation within the context of conservation issues ignores policies and legislation on gender equality. These findings are analyzed and causes for this state of affairs are shown to reside in structural features on the one hand, and the lack of demand for female candidates in local elections and appointments on the other. It is concluded that the main factor explaining this situation is neglect by Norwegian conservation authorities of their responsibility for gender mainstreaming. Efforts to legitimate conservation with reference to local participation are seen as problematical when local women are involved only to a very limited extent.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0276-4741</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1994-7151</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1659/0276-4741(2006)026[0048:NPAINL]2.0.CO;2</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Boulder: United Nations University and International Mountain Society</publisher><subject>Biodiversity conservation ; Conservation ; conservation areas ; Environmental conservation ; Environmental management ; Environmental protection ; equality ; females ; gender ; Gender equality ; Gender equity ; Gender roles ; issues and policy ; landscapes ; laws and regulations ; Legislation ; Local government ; Mountains ; National parks ; Natural resources conservation ; Norway ; Participation ; protected area ; Protected areas ; research and development ; Women ; Womens rights</subject><ispartof>Mountain research and development, 2006-02, Vol.26 (1), p.48-54</ispartof><rights>International Mountain Society and United Nations University</rights><rights>Copyright 2006 International Mountain Society and United Nations University</rights><rights>Copyright Alliance Communications Group, A Division of Allen Press, Inc. 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The present article provides data from a study of 2 cases in which new protected areas have recently been established. The first is the Dovre Mountains Conservation Plan ( Verneplan for Dovrefjell), which was adopted in 2002 and includes Dovrefjell-Sunndalsfjella National Park. In the second case, the focus is on an area which was established in 2004 as the Geiranger-Herdalen Landscape Protected Area (landskapsvernområde). It is argued that one could expect Norway—perhaps more than any other country—to implement local participation in protected area establishment in a way that ensures gender equality. However, the results of the study show that local participation within the context of conservation issues ignores policies and legislation on gender equality. These findings are analyzed and causes for this state of affairs are shown to reside in structural features on the one hand, and the lack of demand for female candidates in local elections and appointments on the other. It is concluded that the main factor explaining this situation is neglect by Norwegian conservation authorities of their responsibility for gender mainstreaming. Efforts to legitimate conservation with reference to local participation are seen as problematical when local women are involved only to a very limited extent.</description><subject>Biodiversity conservation</subject><subject>Conservation</subject><subject>conservation areas</subject><subject>Environmental conservation</subject><subject>Environmental management</subject><subject>Environmental protection</subject><subject>equality</subject><subject>females</subject><subject>gender</subject><subject>Gender equality</subject><subject>Gender equity</subject><subject>Gender roles</subject><subject>issues and policy</subject><subject>landscapes</subject><subject>laws and regulations</subject><subject>Legislation</subject><subject>Local government</subject><subject>Mountains</subject><subject>National parks</subject><subject>Natural resources conservation</subject><subject>Norway</subject><subject>Participation</subject><subject>protected area</subject><subject>Protected areas</subject><subject>research and development</subject><subject>Women</subject><subject>Womens rights</subject><issn>0276-4741</issn><issn>1994-7151</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2006</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>JFNAL</sourceid><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNqdkU9vEzEQxS0EEqHwDThYHFB72HT8d9flFEUhFEVJDnBCyPJ6HbHRdp3aXkX59ni1qAcOPfQwssbv5zfyPIRuCcyJFOoWaCkLXnJyTQHkDVD5C4BXd9v94n67-U3nMF_uvtBXaEaU4kVJBHmNZk-v3qJ3MR4BgAFTM_R96854H3xyNrkGL4IzEbc93vpwNpc7vPHWdHhvQmptezKp9T0-t-mPHxJeu75xAa8eB9O16fIevTmYLroP_84r9PPr6sfyW7HZre-Xi01RC1qlQjgGDSFKWF45KXljHKs5YayxphYHThUobgXnFgyRLF8p2jSV4aTmih0Uu0LXk-8p-MfBxaQf2mhd15ne-SFqKgRRpRCqyujnZ1FSUkk4iAx--g88-iH0-RuaEkJZKRnJ0HqCbPAxBnfQp9A-mHDRBPSYjR63rMct6zGb3ObK2egpG0016OVO0-z0cXI6xuTDkw2TJWdqlFeTXLfe9-7FY_4Cmmyhnw</recordid><startdate>200602</startdate><enddate>200602</enddate><creator>Svarstad, Hanne</creator><creator>Daugstad, Karoline</creator><creator>Vistad, Odd Inge</creator><creator>Guldvik, Ingrid</creator><general>United Nations University and International Mountain Society</general><general>International Mountain Society</general><scope>JFNAL</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>BKSAR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>PADUT</scope><scope>PCBAR</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7U6</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>7S9</scope><scope>L.6</scope></search><sort><creationdate>200602</creationdate><title>New Protected Areas in Norway: Local Participation without Gender Equality</title><author>Svarstad, Hanne ; 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subjects | Biodiversity conservation Conservation conservation areas Environmental conservation Environmental management Environmental protection equality females gender Gender equality Gender equity Gender roles issues and policy landscapes laws and regulations Legislation Local government Mountains National parks Natural resources conservation Norway Participation protected area Protected areas research and development Women Womens rights |
title | New Protected Areas in Norway: Local Participation without Gender Equality |
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