Association between trace element concentrations in cancerous and non-cancerous tissues with the risk of gastrointestinal cancers in Eastern Iran
This study was conducted to investigate the association between trace elements including cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), selenium (Se), zinc (Zn), and arsenic (As) in gastrointestinal cancer tissue and non-cancerous tissue (suspected gastroin...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Environmental science and pollution research international 2021-11, Vol.28 (44), p.62530-62540 |
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| creator | Nozadi, Fatemeh Azadi, Namamali Mansouri, Borhan Tavakoli, Tahmine Mehrpour, Omid |
| description | This study was conducted to investigate the association between trace elements including cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), selenium (Se), zinc (Zn), and arsenic (As) in gastrointestinal cancer tissue and non-cancerous tissue (suspected gastrointestinal cancer) in Eastern Iran. The samples of 63 gastrointestinal cancers (stomach (n = 20), esophageal (n = 19), and colorectal (n = 24) along with 63 controls in South Khorasan Province, Iran, were collected and analyzed using ICP-MS (Agilent 7900). Our results indicated that the concentrations of Co (1.3 ± 0.8, 1.3 ± 0.8 μg kg
−1
), Cr (8.1 ± 7.3, 11.0 ± 14.8 μg kg
−1
), Ni (29.0 ± 20.1, 39.5 ± 30.2 μg kg
−1
), Pb (6.9 ± 4.0, 6.1 ± 4.6 μg kg
−1
), and Zn (867.6 ± 159.1, 935.6 ± 196.2 μg kg
−1
) were significantly higher among esophagus and colon cancer cases than controls (
p
< 0.05). Similarly, stomach cancer cases showed higher Co, Cr, Ni, Se, and Zn and lower Cu concentrations than their controls (
p
< 0.05). Moreover, the Spearman correlation between metals revealed a mostly low to moderate correlation between metals. Our finding illustrated that the significant risk differences of Cr, Ni, Pb, Se, and Zn metals on esophagus cancer when considered the single predictor unadjusted for other metals and covariates RD (95% CI) – Cr: −0.274 (−0.463, −0.086), Ni: −0.288 (−0.457, −0.118), Pb: −0.171 (−0.463, −0.086), Se: −0.243 (−0.434, −0.051), and Zn: −0.094 (−0.143, −0.045) respectively. This study suggests that the trace element’s exposure may be associated with gastrointestinal cancer risk. Additional studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying trace element carcinogenesis further. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s11356-021-15224-3 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2548410718</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2596816320</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c375t-ecfed2638db1d9e9742050b98726d5d607f8619dbb4e50127a4f2301fe6c57213</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kcFuVSEQhonR2Gv1BVwYEjduUAY4cFg2TdUmTdzomnA4c1rquVCBm8bH8I2l915t4sLVJDPffDD5CXkN_D1wbj5UADloxgUwGIRQTD4hG9CgmFHWPiUbbpViIJU6IS9qveVccCvMc3IilQAhhd2QX2e15hB9iznRCds9YqKt-IAUV9xiajTkFHote6bSmGjwvVPyrlKfZppyYo-dFmvdYaX3sd3QdoO0xPqd5oVe-9pKjqlhbTH59WjZCy_6DEuil8Wnl-TZ4teKr471lHz7ePH1_DO7-vLp8vzsigVphsYwLDgLLcd5gtmiNUrwgU92NELPw6y5WUYNdp4mhQMHYbxahOSwoA6DESBPybuD967kH_3HzW1jDbiuPmE_xIlBjQq4gbGjb_9Bb_Ou9BseKKtH0FLwTokDFUquteDi7krc-vLTAXcPgblDYK4H5vaBOdmX3hzVu2mL89-VPwl1QB6A2kfpGsvj2__R_gaIqKL_</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2596816320</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Association between trace element concentrations in cancerous and non-cancerous tissues with the risk of gastrointestinal cancers in Eastern Iran</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings</source><creator>Nozadi, Fatemeh ; Azadi, Namamali ; Mansouri, Borhan ; Tavakoli, Tahmine ; Mehrpour, Omid</creator><creatorcontrib>Nozadi, Fatemeh ; Azadi, Namamali ; Mansouri, Borhan ; Tavakoli, Tahmine ; Mehrpour, Omid</creatorcontrib><description>This study was conducted to investigate the association between trace elements including cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), selenium (Se), zinc (Zn), and arsenic (As) in gastrointestinal cancer tissue and non-cancerous tissue (suspected gastrointestinal cancer) in Eastern Iran. The samples of 63 gastrointestinal cancers (stomach (n = 20), esophageal (n = 19), and colorectal (n = 24) along with 63 controls in South Khorasan Province, Iran, were collected and analyzed using ICP-MS (Agilent 7900). Our results indicated that the concentrations of Co (1.3 ± 0.8, 1.3 ± 0.8 μg kg
−1
), Cr (8.1 ± 7.3, 11.0 ± 14.8 μg kg
−1
), Ni (29.0 ± 20.1, 39.5 ± 30.2 μg kg
−1
), Pb (6.9 ± 4.0, 6.1 ± 4.6 μg kg
−1
), and Zn (867.6 ± 159.1, 935.6 ± 196.2 μg kg
−1
) were significantly higher among esophagus and colon cancer cases than controls (
p
< 0.05). Similarly, stomach cancer cases showed higher Co, Cr, Ni, Se, and Zn and lower Cu concentrations than their controls (
p
< 0.05). Moreover, the Spearman correlation between metals revealed a mostly low to moderate correlation between metals. Our finding illustrated that the significant risk differences of Cr, Ni, Pb, Se, and Zn metals on esophagus cancer when considered the single predictor unadjusted for other metals and covariates RD (95% CI) – Cr: −0.274 (−0.463, −0.086), Ni: −0.288 (−0.457, −0.118), Pb: −0.171 (−0.463, −0.086), Se: −0.243 (−0.434, −0.051), and Zn: −0.094 (−0.143, −0.045) respectively. This study suggests that the trace element’s exposure may be associated with gastrointestinal cancer risk. Additional studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying trace element carcinogenesis further.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0944-1344</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1614-7499</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15224-3</identifier><identifier>PMID: 34212329</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Aquatic Pollution ; Arsenic ; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution ; Cadmium ; Cancer ; Carcinogenesis ; Carcinogens ; Chromium ; Cobalt ; Colon ; Colon cancer ; Colorectal cancer ; Copper ; Earth and Environmental Science ; Ecotoxicology ; Environment ; Environmental Chemistry ; Environmental Health ; Environmental Monitoring ; Environmental science ; Esophageal cancer ; Esophagus ; Gastric cancer ; Gastrointestinal cancer ; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms - epidemiology ; Health risks ; Heavy metals ; Humans ; Iran - epidemiology ; Iron ; Lead ; Metals ; Metals, Heavy - analysis ; Nickel ; Research Article ; Risk ; Selenium ; Stomach ; Trace elements ; Trace Elements - analysis ; Waste Water Technology ; Water Management ; Water Pollution Control ; Zinc</subject><ispartof>Environmental science and pollution research international, 2021-11, Vol.28 (44), p.62530-62540</ispartof><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2021</rights><rights>2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.</rights><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2021.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c375t-ecfed2638db1d9e9742050b98726d5d607f8619dbb4e50127a4f2301fe6c57213</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c375t-ecfed2638db1d9e9742050b98726d5d607f8619dbb4e50127a4f2301fe6c57213</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-5411-5362</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11356-021-15224-3$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11356-021-15224-3$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925,41488,42557,51319</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34212329$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Nozadi, Fatemeh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Azadi, Namamali</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mansouri, Borhan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tavakoli, Tahmine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mehrpour, Omid</creatorcontrib><title>Association between trace element concentrations in cancerous and non-cancerous tissues with the risk of gastrointestinal cancers in Eastern Iran</title><title>Environmental science and pollution research international</title><addtitle>Environ Sci Pollut Res</addtitle><addtitle>Environ Sci Pollut Res Int</addtitle><description>This study was conducted to investigate the association between trace elements including cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), selenium (Se), zinc (Zn), and arsenic (As) in gastrointestinal cancer tissue and non-cancerous tissue (suspected gastrointestinal cancer) in Eastern Iran. The samples of 63 gastrointestinal cancers (stomach (n = 20), esophageal (n = 19), and colorectal (n = 24) along with 63 controls in South Khorasan Province, Iran, were collected and analyzed using ICP-MS (Agilent 7900). Our results indicated that the concentrations of Co (1.3 ± 0.8, 1.3 ± 0.8 μg kg
−1
), Cr (8.1 ± 7.3, 11.0 ± 14.8 μg kg
−1
), Ni (29.0 ± 20.1, 39.5 ± 30.2 μg kg
−1
), Pb (6.9 ± 4.0, 6.1 ± 4.6 μg kg
−1
), and Zn (867.6 ± 159.1, 935.6 ± 196.2 μg kg
−1
) were significantly higher among esophagus and colon cancer cases than controls (
p
< 0.05). Similarly, stomach cancer cases showed higher Co, Cr, Ni, Se, and Zn and lower Cu concentrations than their controls (
p
< 0.05). Moreover, the Spearman correlation between metals revealed a mostly low to moderate correlation between metals. Our finding illustrated that the significant risk differences of Cr, Ni, Pb, Se, and Zn metals on esophagus cancer when considered the single predictor unadjusted for other metals and covariates RD (95% CI) – Cr: −0.274 (−0.463, −0.086), Ni: −0.288 (−0.457, −0.118), Pb: −0.171 (−0.463, −0.086), Se: −0.243 (−0.434, −0.051), and Zn: −0.094 (−0.143, −0.045) respectively. This study suggests that the trace element’s exposure may be associated with gastrointestinal cancer risk. Additional studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying trace element carcinogenesis further.</description><subject>Aquatic Pollution</subject><subject>Arsenic</subject><subject>Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution</subject><subject>Cadmium</subject><subject>Cancer</subject><subject>Carcinogenesis</subject><subject>Carcinogens</subject><subject>Chromium</subject><subject>Cobalt</subject><subject>Colon</subject><subject>Colon cancer</subject><subject>Colorectal cancer</subject><subject>Copper</subject><subject>Earth and Environmental Science</subject><subject>Ecotoxicology</subject><subject>Environment</subject><subject>Environmental Chemistry</subject><subject>Environmental Health</subject><subject>Environmental Monitoring</subject><subject>Environmental science</subject><subject>Esophageal cancer</subject><subject>Esophagus</subject><subject>Gastric cancer</subject><subject>Gastrointestinal cancer</subject><subject>Gastrointestinal Neoplasms - epidemiology</subject><subject>Health risks</subject><subject>Heavy metals</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Iran - epidemiology</subject><subject>Iron</subject><subject>Lead</subject><subject>Metals</subject><subject>Metals, Heavy - analysis</subject><subject>Nickel</subject><subject>Research Article</subject><subject>Risk</subject><subject>Selenium</subject><subject>Stomach</subject><subject>Trace elements</subject><subject>Trace Elements - analysis</subject><subject>Waste Water Technology</subject><subject>Water Management</subject><subject>Water Pollution Control</subject><subject>Zinc</subject><issn>0944-1344</issn><issn>1614-7499</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kcFuVSEQhonR2Gv1BVwYEjduUAY4cFg2TdUmTdzomnA4c1rquVCBm8bH8I2l915t4sLVJDPffDD5CXkN_D1wbj5UADloxgUwGIRQTD4hG9CgmFHWPiUbbpViIJU6IS9qveVccCvMc3IilQAhhd2QX2e15hB9iznRCds9YqKt-IAUV9xiajTkFHote6bSmGjwvVPyrlKfZppyYo-dFmvdYaX3sd3QdoO0xPqd5oVe-9pKjqlhbTH59WjZCy_6DEuil8Wnl-TZ4teKr471lHz7ePH1_DO7-vLp8vzsigVphsYwLDgLLcd5gtmiNUrwgU92NELPw6y5WUYNdp4mhQMHYbxahOSwoA6DESBPybuD967kH_3HzW1jDbiuPmE_xIlBjQq4gbGjb_9Bb_Ou9BseKKtH0FLwTokDFUquteDi7krc-vLTAXcPgblDYK4H5vaBOdmX3hzVu2mL89-VPwl1QB6A2kfpGsvj2__R_gaIqKL_</recordid><startdate>20211101</startdate><enddate>20211101</enddate><creator>Nozadi, Fatemeh</creator><creator>Azadi, Namamali</creator><creator>Mansouri, Borhan</creator><creator>Tavakoli, Tahmine</creator><creator>Mehrpour, Omid</creator><general>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TV</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7WY</scope><scope>7WZ</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>87Z</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8FL</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BEZIV</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FRNLG</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>F~G</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K60</scope><scope>K6~</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>L.-</scope><scope>M0C</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PQBIZ</scope><scope>PQBZA</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5411-5362</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20211101</creationdate><title>Association between trace element concentrations in cancerous and non-cancerous tissues with the risk of gastrointestinal cancers in Eastern Iran</title><author>Nozadi, Fatemeh ; Azadi, Namamali ; Mansouri, Borhan ; Tavakoli, Tahmine ; Mehrpour, Omid</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c375t-ecfed2638db1d9e9742050b98726d5d607f8619dbb4e50127a4f2301fe6c57213</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Aquatic Pollution</topic><topic>Arsenic</topic><topic>Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution</topic><topic>Cadmium</topic><topic>Cancer</topic><topic>Carcinogenesis</topic><topic>Carcinogens</topic><topic>Chromium</topic><topic>Cobalt</topic><topic>Colon</topic><topic>Colon cancer</topic><topic>Colorectal cancer</topic><topic>Copper</topic><topic>Earth and Environmental Science</topic><topic>Ecotoxicology</topic><topic>Environment</topic><topic>Environmental Chemistry</topic><topic>Environmental Health</topic><topic>Environmental Monitoring</topic><topic>Environmental science</topic><topic>Esophageal cancer</topic><topic>Esophagus</topic><topic>Gastric cancer</topic><topic>Gastrointestinal cancer</topic><topic>Gastrointestinal Neoplasms - epidemiology</topic><topic>Health risks</topic><topic>Heavy metals</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Iran - epidemiology</topic><topic>Iron</topic><topic>Lead</topic><topic>Metals</topic><topic>Metals, Heavy - analysis</topic><topic>Nickel</topic><topic>Research Article</topic><topic>Risk</topic><topic>Selenium</topic><topic>Stomach</topic><topic>Trace elements</topic><topic>Trace Elements - analysis</topic><topic>Waste Water Technology</topic><topic>Water Management</topic><topic>Water Pollution Control</topic><topic>Zinc</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Nozadi, Fatemeh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Azadi, Namamali</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mansouri, Borhan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tavakoli, Tahmine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mehrpour, Omid</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Pollution Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Access via ABI/INFORM (ProQuest)</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Global (PDF only)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Global (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Business Premium Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Business Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Global (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Business Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Business Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Professional Advanced</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Global</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Science Database</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Business</collection><collection>ProQuest One Business (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Environmental science and pollution research international</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Nozadi, Fatemeh</au><au>Azadi, Namamali</au><au>Mansouri, Borhan</au><au>Tavakoli, Tahmine</au><au>Mehrpour, Omid</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Association between trace element concentrations in cancerous and non-cancerous tissues with the risk of gastrointestinal cancers in Eastern Iran</atitle><jtitle>Environmental science and pollution research international</jtitle><stitle>Environ Sci Pollut Res</stitle><addtitle>Environ Sci Pollut Res Int</addtitle><date>2021-11-01</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>28</volume><issue>44</issue><spage>62530</spage><epage>62540</epage><pages>62530-62540</pages><issn>0944-1344</issn><eissn>1614-7499</eissn><abstract>This study was conducted to investigate the association between trace elements including cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), selenium (Se), zinc (Zn), and arsenic (As) in gastrointestinal cancer tissue and non-cancerous tissue (suspected gastrointestinal cancer) in Eastern Iran. The samples of 63 gastrointestinal cancers (stomach (n = 20), esophageal (n = 19), and colorectal (n = 24) along with 63 controls in South Khorasan Province, Iran, were collected and analyzed using ICP-MS (Agilent 7900). Our results indicated that the concentrations of Co (1.3 ± 0.8, 1.3 ± 0.8 μg kg
−1
), Cr (8.1 ± 7.3, 11.0 ± 14.8 μg kg
−1
), Ni (29.0 ± 20.1, 39.5 ± 30.2 μg kg
−1
), Pb (6.9 ± 4.0, 6.1 ± 4.6 μg kg
−1
), and Zn (867.6 ± 159.1, 935.6 ± 196.2 μg kg
−1
) were significantly higher among esophagus and colon cancer cases than controls (
p
< 0.05). Similarly, stomach cancer cases showed higher Co, Cr, Ni, Se, and Zn and lower Cu concentrations than their controls (
p
< 0.05). Moreover, the Spearman correlation between metals revealed a mostly low to moderate correlation between metals. Our finding illustrated that the significant risk differences of Cr, Ni, Pb, Se, and Zn metals on esophagus cancer when considered the single predictor unadjusted for other metals and covariates RD (95% CI) – Cr: −0.274 (−0.463, −0.086), Ni: −0.288 (−0.457, −0.118), Pb: −0.171 (−0.463, −0.086), Se: −0.243 (−0.434, −0.051), and Zn: −0.094 (−0.143, −0.045) respectively. This study suggests that the trace element’s exposure may be associated with gastrointestinal cancer risk. Additional studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying trace element carcinogenesis further.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><pmid>34212329</pmid><doi>10.1007/s11356-021-15224-3</doi><tpages>11</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5411-5362</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Environmental science and pollution research international, 2021-11, Vol.28 (44), p.62530-62540 |
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| source | MEDLINE; SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings |
| subjects | Aquatic Pollution Arsenic Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution Cadmium Cancer Carcinogenesis Carcinogens Chromium Cobalt Colon Colon cancer Colorectal cancer Copper Earth and Environmental Science Ecotoxicology Environment Environmental Chemistry Environmental Health Environmental Monitoring Environmental science Esophageal cancer Esophagus Gastric cancer Gastrointestinal cancer Gastrointestinal Neoplasms - epidemiology Health risks Heavy metals Humans Iran - epidemiology Iron Lead Metals Metals, Heavy - analysis Nickel Research Article Risk Selenium Stomach Trace elements Trace Elements - analysis Waste Water Technology Water Management Water Pollution Control Zinc |
| title | Association between trace element concentrations in cancerous and non-cancerous tissues with the risk of gastrointestinal cancers in Eastern Iran |
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