Circadian disruption-induced metabolic syndrome in mice is ameliorated by oat β-glucan mediated by gut microbiota

Circadian disruption-induced metabolic syndrome (CDIMS) involves body weight gain, changes in blood profile and gut microbiota. In this study, CDIMS was induced by shifted light dark cycle (SLDC) in C57BL/6J mice. Dietary intervention by oral administration of oat β-glucan (a polymeric prebiotic) alleviated CDIMS when compared to chicory inulin/fructan (an oligomeric prebiotic) and melatonin (a chronobiotic). Oat β-glucan reversed the increase in body weight, liver weight-to-body weight ratio and plasma leptin concentration as well as restored glucose tolerance. In altering gut microbiota, oat β-glucan increased the species richness, reversed the populations of 7 bacterial genera and increased butyrate producers including Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae which enhance gut barrier protection and regulate glucose homeostasis. Correlation analysis demonstrated the linking of the alleviation of CDIMS by prebiotics and melatonin with different microbial metabolic pathways involved in energy metabolism, biosynthesis of metabolites, metabolism of cofactors and vitamins and endocrine synthesis. •Circadian disruption (CD) can lead to the development of metabolic syndrome.•Disruption of circadian rhythms can alter gut microbiome in C57BL/6J mice.•Oat beta-glucan, chicory inulin and melatonin reverse CD-induced changes of gut microbiota.•Prebiotic supplementation alleviates the CD-induced metabolic syndrome.