Association between high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels and depression: Moderation by age, sex, obesity, and aerobic physical activity
•The association between hsCRP and depression was investigated.•Data of 10,702 adults (≥ 19 years) in the KNHNES were used.•High hsCRP levels (>3.0 mg/L) were associated with higher odds for depression.•Moderating effects of age, sex, BMI, and aerobic physical activity were observed. Background:...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of affective disorders 2021-08, Vol.291, p.375-383 |
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| container_title | Journal of affective disorders |
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| creator | Cho, Song Heui Lim, Ji-Eun Lee, Jiseung Lee, Jee Soo Jeong, Hyun-Ghang Lee, Moon-Soo Ko, Young-Hoon Han, Changsu Ham, Byung-Joo Han, Kyu-Man |
| description | •The association between hsCRP and depression was investigated.•Data of 10,702 adults (≥ 19 years) in the KNHNES were used.•High hsCRP levels (>3.0 mg/L) were associated with higher odds for depression.•Moderating effects of age, sex, BMI, and aerobic physical activity were observed.
Background: Low-grade systemic inflammation evidenced by elevated serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels can be a biomarker for depression. This study aimed to investigate the association between serum hsCRP levels and depressive symptoms and to explore the potential moderating effects of age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and aerobic physical activity on the association.
Methods: Data of 10,702 adults (≥ 19 years) were obtained from the nationwide cross-sectional Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys of 2016 and 2018. Significant depressive symptoms were defined as ≥ 10 on the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and high hsCRP level was defined as > 3.0 mg/L.
Results: Adults with high hsCRP levels were more likely to have depressive symptoms (odds ratio [OR]: 1.41, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.07–1.84) and suicidal ideation (OR: 1.39, 95% CI: 1.07–1.80) than those with low hsCRP levels. In the age- and sex-stratified analysis, high hsCRP levels were associated with depressive symptoms in the non-geriatric population (age ≤ 64 years) alone, with a higher OR in males than females. In subgroup analyses, the association between them was observed only among obese adults and adults without aerobic physical activity.
Limitations: Causal interpretation is limited due to the cross-sectional design.
Conclusions: Our results replicate previous findings of an association between high hsCRP levels and depressive symptoms in adults using a large nationally representative sample. The association between them was more prominent in the non-geriatric population, males, obese adults, and those without aerobic physical activity. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.jad.2021.05.040 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2538046824</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><els_id>S0165032721004845</els_id><sourcerecordid>2538046824</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c353t-595b8ab32af68c1b739343d3ed17c3e948ed7f071013894eb34cae27c97f191a3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kb1u2zAUhYmiQeOmfYAuBccOlsIf0ZTSKTDapECCLOlMUORVTEMWXV7ZiR4i71wmdjp2Igh-5wN4DiFfOCs544vzdbm2vhRM8JKpklXsHZlxpWUhFNfvySwzqmBS6FPyEXHNGFs0mn0gp7JiDZdCzcjzJWJ0wY4hDrSF8RFgoKvwsCoQBgxj2IdxossigXX5AnSb4ghhoD3soUdqB089bBMgZsMFvY0e0tE2UfsAc4rwNKexhWyb5q8BCym2wdHtasLgbE9f3fn5EznpbI_w-Xiekd8_f9wvr4ubu6tfy8ubwkklx0I1qq1tK4XtFrXjrZaNrKSX4Ll2EpqqBq87pnNJsm4qaGXlLAjtGt3xhlt5Rr4dvPk3f3aAo9kEdND3doC4QyOUrFm1qEWVUX5AXYqICTqzTWFj02Q4My8rmLXJK5iXFQxTJq-QM1-P-l27Af8v8VZ7Br4fgFwh7AMkgy7A4MCHBG40Pob_6P8CMvqZ6g</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2538046824</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Association between high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels and depression: Moderation by age, sex, obesity, and aerobic physical activity</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals</source><creator>Cho, Song Heui ; Lim, Ji-Eun ; Lee, Jiseung ; Lee, Jee Soo ; Jeong, Hyun-Ghang ; Lee, Moon-Soo ; Ko, Young-Hoon ; Han, Changsu ; Ham, Byung-Joo ; Han, Kyu-Man</creator><creatorcontrib>Cho, Song Heui ; Lim, Ji-Eun ; Lee, Jiseung ; Lee, Jee Soo ; Jeong, Hyun-Ghang ; Lee, Moon-Soo ; Ko, Young-Hoon ; Han, Changsu ; Ham, Byung-Joo ; Han, Kyu-Man</creatorcontrib><description>•The association between hsCRP and depression was investigated.•Data of 10,702 adults (≥ 19 years) in the KNHNES were used.•High hsCRP levels (>3.0 mg/L) were associated with higher odds for depression.•Moderating effects of age, sex, BMI, and aerobic physical activity were observed.
Background: Low-grade systemic inflammation evidenced by elevated serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels can be a biomarker for depression. This study aimed to investigate the association between serum hsCRP levels and depressive symptoms and to explore the potential moderating effects of age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and aerobic physical activity on the association.
Methods: Data of 10,702 adults (≥ 19 years) were obtained from the nationwide cross-sectional Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys of 2016 and 2018. Significant depressive symptoms were defined as ≥ 10 on the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and high hsCRP level was defined as > 3.0 mg/L.
Results: Adults with high hsCRP levels were more likely to have depressive symptoms (odds ratio [OR]: 1.41, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.07–1.84) and suicidal ideation (OR: 1.39, 95% CI: 1.07–1.80) than those with low hsCRP levels. In the age- and sex-stratified analysis, high hsCRP levels were associated with depressive symptoms in the non-geriatric population (age ≤ 64 years) alone, with a higher OR in males than females. In subgroup analyses, the association between them was observed only among obese adults and adults without aerobic physical activity.
Limitations: Causal interpretation is limited due to the cross-sectional design.
Conclusions: Our results replicate previous findings of an association between high hsCRP levels and depressive symptoms in adults using a large nationally representative sample. The association between them was more prominent in the non-geriatric population, males, obese adults, and those without aerobic physical activity.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0165-0327</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1573-2517</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.05.040</identifier><identifier>PMID: 34091325</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Netherlands: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Adult ; Aged ; C-Reactive Protein - analysis ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Depression ; Depression - epidemiology ; Exercise ; Female ; High-sensitivity C-reactive protein ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Obesity ; Obesity - epidemiology ; Physical activity ; Republic of Korea - epidemiology ; Risk Factors ; Suicidal ideation</subject><ispartof>Journal of affective disorders, 2021-08, Vol.291, p.375-383</ispartof><rights>2021 Elsevier B.V.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c353t-595b8ab32af68c1b739343d3ed17c3e948ed7f071013894eb34cae27c97f191a3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c353t-595b8ab32af68c1b739343d3ed17c3e948ed7f071013894eb34cae27c97f191a3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-8514-5916 ; 0000-0002-0318-5069 ; 0000-0003-2633-9347 ; 0000-0003-0729-6943 ; 0000-0002-1982-4216 ; 0000-0003-2558-8069</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165032721004845$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3536,27903,27904,65309</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34091325$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Cho, Song Heui</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lim, Ji-Eun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Jiseung</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Jee Soo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jeong, Hyun-Ghang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Moon-Soo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ko, Young-Hoon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Han, Changsu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ham, Byung-Joo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Han, Kyu-Man</creatorcontrib><title>Association between high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels and depression: Moderation by age, sex, obesity, and aerobic physical activity</title><title>Journal of affective disorders</title><addtitle>J Affect Disord</addtitle><description>•The association between hsCRP and depression was investigated.•Data of 10,702 adults (≥ 19 years) in the KNHNES were used.•High hsCRP levels (>3.0 mg/L) were associated with higher odds for depression.•Moderating effects of age, sex, BMI, and aerobic physical activity were observed.
Background: Low-grade systemic inflammation evidenced by elevated serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels can be a biomarker for depression. This study aimed to investigate the association between serum hsCRP levels and depressive symptoms and to explore the potential moderating effects of age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and aerobic physical activity on the association.
Methods: Data of 10,702 adults (≥ 19 years) were obtained from the nationwide cross-sectional Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys of 2016 and 2018. Significant depressive symptoms were defined as ≥ 10 on the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and high hsCRP level was defined as > 3.0 mg/L.
Results: Adults with high hsCRP levels were more likely to have depressive symptoms (odds ratio [OR]: 1.41, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.07–1.84) and suicidal ideation (OR: 1.39, 95% CI: 1.07–1.80) than those with low hsCRP levels. In the age- and sex-stratified analysis, high hsCRP levels were associated with depressive symptoms in the non-geriatric population (age ≤ 64 years) alone, with a higher OR in males than females. In subgroup analyses, the association between them was observed only among obese adults and adults without aerobic physical activity.
Limitations: Causal interpretation is limited due to the cross-sectional design.
Conclusions: Our results replicate previous findings of an association between high hsCRP levels and depressive symptoms in adults using a large nationally representative sample. The association between them was more prominent in the non-geriatric population, males, obese adults, and those without aerobic physical activity.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>C-Reactive Protein - analysis</subject><subject>Cross-Sectional Studies</subject><subject>Depression</subject><subject>Depression - epidemiology</subject><subject>Exercise</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>High-sensitivity C-reactive protein</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Inflammation</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Obesity</subject><subject>Obesity - epidemiology</subject><subject>Physical activity</subject><subject>Republic of Korea - epidemiology</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Suicidal ideation</subject><issn>0165-0327</issn><issn>1573-2517</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kb1u2zAUhYmiQeOmfYAuBccOlsIf0ZTSKTDapECCLOlMUORVTEMWXV7ZiR4i71wmdjp2Igh-5wN4DiFfOCs544vzdbm2vhRM8JKpklXsHZlxpWUhFNfvySwzqmBS6FPyEXHNGFs0mn0gp7JiDZdCzcjzJWJ0wY4hDrSF8RFgoKvwsCoQBgxj2IdxossigXX5AnSb4ghhoD3soUdqB089bBMgZsMFvY0e0tE2UfsAc4rwNKexhWyb5q8BCym2wdHtasLgbE9f3fn5EznpbI_w-Xiekd8_f9wvr4ubu6tfy8ubwkklx0I1qq1tK4XtFrXjrZaNrKSX4Ll2EpqqBq87pnNJsm4qaGXlLAjtGt3xhlt5Rr4dvPk3f3aAo9kEdND3doC4QyOUrFm1qEWVUX5AXYqICTqzTWFj02Q4My8rmLXJK5iXFQxTJq-QM1-P-l27Af8v8VZ7Br4fgFwh7AMkgy7A4MCHBG40Pob_6P8CMvqZ6g</recordid><startdate>20210801</startdate><enddate>20210801</enddate><creator>Cho, Song Heui</creator><creator>Lim, Ji-Eun</creator><creator>Lee, Jiseung</creator><creator>Lee, Jee Soo</creator><creator>Jeong, Hyun-Ghang</creator><creator>Lee, Moon-Soo</creator><creator>Ko, Young-Hoon</creator><creator>Han, Changsu</creator><creator>Ham, Byung-Joo</creator><creator>Han, Kyu-Man</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8514-5916</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0318-5069</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2633-9347</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0729-6943</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1982-4216</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2558-8069</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20210801</creationdate><title>Association between high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels and depression: Moderation by age, sex, obesity, and aerobic physical activity</title><author>Cho, Song Heui ; Lim, Ji-Eun ; Lee, Jiseung ; Lee, Jee Soo ; Jeong, Hyun-Ghang ; Lee, Moon-Soo ; Ko, Young-Hoon ; Han, Changsu ; Ham, Byung-Joo ; Han, Kyu-Man</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c353t-595b8ab32af68c1b739343d3ed17c3e948ed7f071013894eb34cae27c97f191a3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>C-Reactive Protein - analysis</topic><topic>Cross-Sectional Studies</topic><topic>Depression</topic><topic>Depression - epidemiology</topic><topic>Exercise</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>High-sensitivity C-reactive protein</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Inflammation</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Obesity</topic><topic>Obesity - epidemiology</topic><topic>Physical activity</topic><topic>Republic of Korea - epidemiology</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>Suicidal ideation</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Cho, Song Heui</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lim, Ji-Eun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Jiseung</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Jee Soo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jeong, Hyun-Ghang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Moon-Soo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ko, Young-Hoon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Han, Changsu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ham, Byung-Joo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Han, Kyu-Man</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of affective disorders</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Cho, Song Heui</au><au>Lim, Ji-Eun</au><au>Lee, Jiseung</au><au>Lee, Jee Soo</au><au>Jeong, Hyun-Ghang</au><au>Lee, Moon-Soo</au><au>Ko, Young-Hoon</au><au>Han, Changsu</au><au>Ham, Byung-Joo</au><au>Han, Kyu-Man</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Association between high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels and depression: Moderation by age, sex, obesity, and aerobic physical activity</atitle><jtitle>Journal of affective disorders</jtitle><addtitle>J Affect Disord</addtitle><date>2021-08-01</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>291</volume><spage>375</spage><epage>383</epage><pages>375-383</pages><issn>0165-0327</issn><eissn>1573-2517</eissn><abstract>•The association between hsCRP and depression was investigated.•Data of 10,702 adults (≥ 19 years) in the KNHNES were used.•High hsCRP levels (>3.0 mg/L) were associated with higher odds for depression.•Moderating effects of age, sex, BMI, and aerobic physical activity were observed.
Background: Low-grade systemic inflammation evidenced by elevated serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels can be a biomarker for depression. This study aimed to investigate the association between serum hsCRP levels and depressive symptoms and to explore the potential moderating effects of age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and aerobic physical activity on the association.
Methods: Data of 10,702 adults (≥ 19 years) were obtained from the nationwide cross-sectional Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys of 2016 and 2018. Significant depressive symptoms were defined as ≥ 10 on the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and high hsCRP level was defined as > 3.0 mg/L.
Results: Adults with high hsCRP levels were more likely to have depressive symptoms (odds ratio [OR]: 1.41, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.07–1.84) and suicidal ideation (OR: 1.39, 95% CI: 1.07–1.80) than those with low hsCRP levels. In the age- and sex-stratified analysis, high hsCRP levels were associated with depressive symptoms in the non-geriatric population (age ≤ 64 years) alone, with a higher OR in males than females. In subgroup analyses, the association between them was observed only among obese adults and adults without aerobic physical activity.
Limitations: Causal interpretation is limited due to the cross-sectional design.
Conclusions: Our results replicate previous findings of an association between high hsCRP levels and depressive symptoms in adults using a large nationally representative sample. The association between them was more prominent in the non-geriatric population, males, obese adults, and those without aerobic physical activity.</abstract><cop>Netherlands</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><pmid>34091325</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.jad.2021.05.040</doi><tpages>9</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8514-5916</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0318-5069</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2633-9347</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0729-6943</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1982-4216</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2558-8069</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adult Aged C-Reactive Protein - analysis Cross-Sectional Studies Depression Depression - epidemiology Exercise Female High-sensitivity C-reactive protein Humans Inflammation Male Middle Aged Obesity Obesity - epidemiology Physical activity Republic of Korea - epidemiology Risk Factors Suicidal ideation |
| title | Association between high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels and depression: Moderation by age, sex, obesity, and aerobic physical activity |
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