Capturing attention improves accommodation: An experimental study in children with ADHD using multiple object tracking
•Increasing the level of attention reduces accommodative lag.•Accommodation of children with ADHD resembles controls in multiple object tracking.•Non-medicated ADHD children exhibit greater instability of accommodation.•These outcomes may be relevant to the diagnosis of visual deficits in ADHD. The...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Vision research (Oxford) 2021-09, Vol.186, p.52-58 |
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| creator | Molina, Rubén Redondo, Beatriz Molina-Carballo, Antonio García, José Antonio Muñoz-Hoyos, Antonio Vera, Jesús Jiménez, Raimundo |
| description | •Increasing the level of attention reduces accommodative lag.•Accommodation of children with ADHD resembles controls in multiple object tracking.•Non-medicated ADHD children exhibit greater instability of accommodation.•These outcomes may be relevant to the diagnosis of visual deficits in ADHD.
The present study was aimed at assessing the impact of manipulating the attentional load using a multiple object tracking (MOT) task on the dynamics of the accommodative response in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The pupil size was recorded to assess the effectiveness of the experimental manipulation, and the role of ADHD medication was also explored. The accommodative and pupil dynamics (magnitude and variability) were monitored with an open-field autorefractometer (WAM-5500) in 41 children with ADHD (24 non-medicated and 17 medicated) and 21 non-ADHD controls, while they performed the MOT task with four different levels of complexity (i.e., tracking zero, one, two, or three targets). We found that increasing the attentional load caused a heightened accommodative response, showing a negative association between MOT complexity and accommodative lag in children with ADHD and non-ADHD controls. Complementarily, the pupil size increased as a function of task complexity, confirming a successful experimental manipulation. The stability of accommodation was insensitive to the attentional manipulation, but it differed between groups. Specifically, non-medicated children with ADHD exhibited a greater variability of accommodation in comparison to controls. Increasing the attentional load is associated with a reduction in the accommodative lag in children with ADHD and controls. Our findings show that the allocation of attention plays an important role in the dynamics of the accommodative response, which may be of relevance in the diagnosis and treatment of accommodative deficits in children with and without ADHD. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.visres.2021.05.002 |
| format | Article |
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The present study was aimed at assessing the impact of manipulating the attentional load using a multiple object tracking (MOT) task on the dynamics of the accommodative response in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The pupil size was recorded to assess the effectiveness of the experimental manipulation, and the role of ADHD medication was also explored. The accommodative and pupil dynamics (magnitude and variability) were monitored with an open-field autorefractometer (WAM-5500) in 41 children with ADHD (24 non-medicated and 17 medicated) and 21 non-ADHD controls, while they performed the MOT task with four different levels of complexity (i.e., tracking zero, one, two, or three targets). We found that increasing the attentional load caused a heightened accommodative response, showing a negative association between MOT complexity and accommodative lag in children with ADHD and non-ADHD controls. Complementarily, the pupil size increased as a function of task complexity, confirming a successful experimental manipulation. The stability of accommodation was insensitive to the attentional manipulation, but it differed between groups. Specifically, non-medicated children with ADHD exhibited a greater variability of accommodation in comparison to controls. Increasing the attentional load is associated with a reduction in the accommodative lag in children with ADHD and controls. Our findings show that the allocation of attention plays an important role in the dynamics of the accommodative response, which may be of relevance in the diagnosis and treatment of accommodative deficits in children with and without ADHD.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0042-6989</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1878-5646</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2021.05.002</identifier><identifier>PMID: 34051609</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Accommodation, Ocular ; ADHD ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity ; Attentional load ; Child ; Humans ; Lag of accommodation ; Multiple object tracking ; Pupil ; Variability of accommodation</subject><ispartof>Vision research (Oxford), 2021-09, Vol.186, p.52-58</ispartof><rights>2021 Elsevier Ltd</rights><rights>Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c408t-95742d4ee474bf9b204a71b28421f7d6df8bb450df3a503e8b24653cdcce1a5c3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c408t-95742d4ee474bf9b204a71b28421f7d6df8bb450df3a503e8b24653cdcce1a5c3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.visres.2021.05.002$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,778,782,3539,27907,27908,45978</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34051609$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Molina, Rubén</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Redondo, Beatriz</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Molina-Carballo, Antonio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>García, José Antonio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Muñoz-Hoyos, Antonio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vera, Jesús</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jiménez, Raimundo</creatorcontrib><title>Capturing attention improves accommodation: An experimental study in children with ADHD using multiple object tracking</title><title>Vision research (Oxford)</title><addtitle>Vision Res</addtitle><description>•Increasing the level of attention reduces accommodative lag.•Accommodation of children with ADHD resembles controls in multiple object tracking.•Non-medicated ADHD children exhibit greater instability of accommodation.•These outcomes may be relevant to the diagnosis of visual deficits in ADHD.
The present study was aimed at assessing the impact of manipulating the attentional load using a multiple object tracking (MOT) task on the dynamics of the accommodative response in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The pupil size was recorded to assess the effectiveness of the experimental manipulation, and the role of ADHD medication was also explored. The accommodative and pupil dynamics (magnitude and variability) were monitored with an open-field autorefractometer (WAM-5500) in 41 children with ADHD (24 non-medicated and 17 medicated) and 21 non-ADHD controls, while they performed the MOT task with four different levels of complexity (i.e., tracking zero, one, two, or three targets). We found that increasing the attentional load caused a heightened accommodative response, showing a negative association between MOT complexity and accommodative lag in children with ADHD and non-ADHD controls. Complementarily, the pupil size increased as a function of task complexity, confirming a successful experimental manipulation. The stability of accommodation was insensitive to the attentional manipulation, but it differed between groups. Specifically, non-medicated children with ADHD exhibited a greater variability of accommodation in comparison to controls. Increasing the attentional load is associated with a reduction in the accommodative lag in children with ADHD and controls. Our findings show that the allocation of attention plays an important role in the dynamics of the accommodative response, which may be of relevance in the diagnosis and treatment of accommodative deficits in children with and without ADHD.</description><subject>Accommodation, Ocular</subject><subject>ADHD</subject><subject>Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity</subject><subject>Attentional load</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Lag of accommodation</subject><subject>Multiple object tracking</subject><subject>Pupil</subject><subject>Variability of accommodation</subject><issn>0042-6989</issn><issn>1878-5646</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kE1PHDEMhqOqqGyBf4CqHHuZqZNJ5oNDpdXSAhISFzhHmcQD2c5Xk8xS_j1ZLXDsyZL92Nb7EHLOIGfAyh_bfOeCx5Bz4CwHmQPwT2TF6qrOZCnKz2QFIHhWNnVzTL6GsAWASvLmCzkuBEhWQrMiu42e4-Ld-Eh1jDhGN43UDbOfdhioNmYahsnqffuCrkeK_2b0bkig7mmIi32hbqTmyfXW40ifXXyi68vrS7qE_c1h6aObe6RTu0UTafTa_EmDU3LU6T7g2Vs9IQ-_f91vrrPbu6ubzfo2MwLqmDWyEtwKRFGJtmtaDkJXrOW14KyrbGm7um2FBNsVWkKBdctFKQtjjUGmpSlOyPfD3RTo74IhqsEFg32vR5yWoLgsRMl4wWRCxQE1fgpJbKfmFFT7F8VA7Y2rrToYV3vjCqRKxtPat7cPSzug_Vh6V5yAnwcAU86dQ6-CcTgatM4nJcpO7v8fXgEiTpaH</recordid><startdate>202109</startdate><enddate>202109</enddate><creator>Molina, Rubén</creator><creator>Redondo, Beatriz</creator><creator>Molina-Carballo, Antonio</creator><creator>García, José Antonio</creator><creator>Muñoz-Hoyos, Antonio</creator><creator>Vera, Jesús</creator><creator>Jiménez, Raimundo</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><scope>6I.</scope><scope>AAFTH</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>202109</creationdate><title>Capturing attention improves accommodation: An experimental study in children with ADHD using multiple object tracking</title><author>Molina, Rubén ; Redondo, Beatriz ; Molina-Carballo, Antonio ; García, José Antonio ; Muñoz-Hoyos, Antonio ; Vera, Jesús ; Jiménez, Raimundo</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c408t-95742d4ee474bf9b204a71b28421f7d6df8bb450df3a503e8b24653cdcce1a5c3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Accommodation, Ocular</topic><topic>ADHD</topic><topic>Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity</topic><topic>Attentional load</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Lag of accommodation</topic><topic>Multiple object tracking</topic><topic>Pupil</topic><topic>Variability of accommodation</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Molina, Rubén</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Redondo, Beatriz</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Molina-Carballo, Antonio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>García, José Antonio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Muñoz-Hoyos, Antonio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vera, Jesús</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jiménez, Raimundo</creatorcontrib><collection>ScienceDirect Open Access Titles</collection><collection>Elsevier:ScienceDirect:Open Access</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Vision research (Oxford)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Molina, Rubén</au><au>Redondo, Beatriz</au><au>Molina-Carballo, Antonio</au><au>García, José Antonio</au><au>Muñoz-Hoyos, Antonio</au><au>Vera, Jesús</au><au>Jiménez, Raimundo</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Capturing attention improves accommodation: An experimental study in children with ADHD using multiple object tracking</atitle><jtitle>Vision research (Oxford)</jtitle><addtitle>Vision Res</addtitle><date>2021-09</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>186</volume><spage>52</spage><epage>58</epage><pages>52-58</pages><issn>0042-6989</issn><eissn>1878-5646</eissn><abstract>•Increasing the level of attention reduces accommodative lag.•Accommodation of children with ADHD resembles controls in multiple object tracking.•Non-medicated ADHD children exhibit greater instability of accommodation.•These outcomes may be relevant to the diagnosis of visual deficits in ADHD.
The present study was aimed at assessing the impact of manipulating the attentional load using a multiple object tracking (MOT) task on the dynamics of the accommodative response in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The pupil size was recorded to assess the effectiveness of the experimental manipulation, and the role of ADHD medication was also explored. The accommodative and pupil dynamics (magnitude and variability) were monitored with an open-field autorefractometer (WAM-5500) in 41 children with ADHD (24 non-medicated and 17 medicated) and 21 non-ADHD controls, while they performed the MOT task with four different levels of complexity (i.e., tracking zero, one, two, or three targets). We found that increasing the attentional load caused a heightened accommodative response, showing a negative association between MOT complexity and accommodative lag in children with ADHD and non-ADHD controls. Complementarily, the pupil size increased as a function of task complexity, confirming a successful experimental manipulation. The stability of accommodation was insensitive to the attentional manipulation, but it differed between groups. Specifically, non-medicated children with ADHD exhibited a greater variability of accommodation in comparison to controls. Increasing the attentional load is associated with a reduction in the accommodative lag in children with ADHD and controls. Our findings show that the allocation of attention plays an important role in the dynamics of the accommodative response, which may be of relevance in the diagnosis and treatment of accommodative deficits in children with and without ADHD.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><pmid>34051609</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.visres.2021.05.002</doi><tpages>7</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Accommodation, Ocular ADHD Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity Attentional load Child Humans Lag of accommodation Multiple object tracking Pupil Variability of accommodation |
| title | Capturing attention improves accommodation: An experimental study in children with ADHD using multiple object tracking |
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