The history, taxonomy, and geographic origins of an introduced African monkey in the southeastern United States
The origins and taxonomy of the introduced vervet monkey population in Dania Beach, Florida has been unconfirmed due to a lack of documentation and genetic research. Our goal was to determine the introduction history, species identification, and geographic origins of the monkeys. Through interviews,...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Primates 2021-07, Vol.62 (4), p.617-627 |
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description | The origins and taxonomy of the introduced vervet monkey population in Dania Beach, Florida has been unconfirmed due to a lack of documentation and genetic research. Our goal was to determine the introduction history, species identification, and geographic origins of the monkeys. Through interviews, historical archives, and popular media, we traced the monkeys to an escape from the Dania Chimpanzee Farm in 1948. The facility imported primates from Africa for medical research purposes. Historical archives suggest the monkeys were caught in Sierra Leone. We tested the hypothesis of West African origins using three genetic markers: one mitochondrial DNA gene (cytochrome
b
) and two fragments from the Y-chromosome, the sex-determining gene and the zinc-finger gene. We ran Bayesian and maximum-likelihood analyses to reconstruct phylogenetic trees. Results from all loci confirmed the species identification is
Chlorocebus sabaeus
. We found no variation among the sampled individuals and found the cytochrome
b
haplotype to be a complete match to a
C. sabaeus
sample from Senegal. Phylogenetic analyses showed strong support for the Dania Beach mitochondrial and Y-chromosome lineages to group within a monophyletic
C. sabaeus
clade endemic to West Africa. Our study provides critical baseline information to the scientific community about a little-known population of
Chlorocebus
monkeys that have adapted to a novel environment in the southeastern United States. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s10329-021-00890-1 |
format | Article |
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b
) and two fragments from the Y-chromosome, the sex-determining gene and the zinc-finger gene. We ran Bayesian and maximum-likelihood analyses to reconstruct phylogenetic trees. Results from all loci confirmed the species identification is
Chlorocebus sabaeus
. We found no variation among the sampled individuals and found the cytochrome
b
haplotype to be a complete match to a
C. sabaeus
sample from Senegal. Phylogenetic analyses showed strong support for the Dania Beach mitochondrial and Y-chromosome lineages to group within a monophyletic
C. sabaeus
clade endemic to West Africa. Our study provides critical baseline information to the scientific community about a little-known population of
Chlorocebus
monkeys that have adapted to a novel environment in the southeastern United States.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0032-8332</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1610-7365</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s10329-021-00890-1</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33963936</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Singapore: Springer Singapore</publisher><subject>Animal Ecology ; Archives & records ; Bayesian analysis ; Beaches ; Behavioral Sciences ; Biomedical and Life Sciences ; Chromosomes ; Cytochrome ; Cytochrome b ; Cytochromes ; Deoxyribonucleic acid ; DNA ; Evolutionary Biology ; Genetic markers ; Haplotypes ; Introduced species ; Life Sciences ; Medical research ; Mitochondrial DNA ; Monkeys ; Original Article ; Origins ; Phylogenetics ; Phylogeny ; Taxonomy ; Y chromosomes ; Zinc finger proteins ; Zoology</subject><ispartof>Primates, 2021-07, Vol.62 (4), p.617-627</ispartof><rights>This is a U.S. government work and not under copyright protection in the U.S.; foreign copyright protection may apply 2021</rights><rights>This is a U.S. government work and not under copyright protection in the U.S.; foreign copyright protection may apply 2021.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c402t-abd6907187a1296177811c3578eab53f36aa23b6f05d11eba8a7111c366334203</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c402t-abd6907187a1296177811c3578eab53f36aa23b6f05d11eba8a7111c366334203</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-8000-9256 ; 0000-0003-1863-0230 ; 0000-0003-4597-133X</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10329-021-00890-1$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10329-021-00890-1$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925,41488,42557,51319</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33963936$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Williams, Deborah M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Almanza, Sandra M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sifuentes-Romero, Itzel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Detwiler, Kate M.</creatorcontrib><title>The history, taxonomy, and geographic origins of an introduced African monkey in the southeastern United States</title><title>Primates</title><addtitle>Primates</addtitle><addtitle>Primates</addtitle><description>The origins and taxonomy of the introduced vervet monkey population in Dania Beach, Florida has been unconfirmed due to a lack of documentation and genetic research. Our goal was to determine the introduction history, species identification, and geographic origins of the monkeys. Through interviews, historical archives, and popular media, we traced the monkeys to an escape from the Dania Chimpanzee Farm in 1948. The facility imported primates from Africa for medical research purposes. Historical archives suggest the monkeys were caught in Sierra Leone. We tested the hypothesis of West African origins using three genetic markers: one mitochondrial DNA gene (cytochrome
b
) and two fragments from the Y-chromosome, the sex-determining gene and the zinc-finger gene. We ran Bayesian and maximum-likelihood analyses to reconstruct phylogenetic trees. Results from all loci confirmed the species identification is
Chlorocebus sabaeus
. We found no variation among the sampled individuals and found the cytochrome
b
haplotype to be a complete match to a
C. sabaeus
sample from Senegal. Phylogenetic analyses showed strong support for the Dania Beach mitochondrial and Y-chromosome lineages to group within a monophyletic
C. sabaeus
clade endemic to West Africa. Our study provides critical baseline information to the scientific community about a little-known population of
Chlorocebus
monkeys that have adapted to a novel environment in the southeastern United States.</description><subject>Animal Ecology</subject><subject>Archives & records</subject><subject>Bayesian analysis</subject><subject>Beaches</subject><subject>Behavioral Sciences</subject><subject>Biomedical and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Chromosomes</subject><subject>Cytochrome</subject><subject>Cytochrome b</subject><subject>Cytochromes</subject><subject>Deoxyribonucleic acid</subject><subject>DNA</subject><subject>Evolutionary Biology</subject><subject>Genetic markers</subject><subject>Haplotypes</subject><subject>Introduced species</subject><subject>Life Sciences</subject><subject>Medical research</subject><subject>Mitochondrial DNA</subject><subject>Monkeys</subject><subject>Original Article</subject><subject>Origins</subject><subject>Phylogenetics</subject><subject>Phylogeny</subject><subject>Taxonomy</subject><subject>Y chromosomes</subject><subject>Zinc finger proteins</subject><subject>Zoology</subject><issn>0032-8332</issn><issn>1610-7365</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kU9v1DAQxS0EotstX4ADssSFQ0M9nsROjlXFP6lSD7Rny0mcXZeNvdiO1P32TNkCEoeexvL7zZunGcbegvgIQuiLDAJlVwkJlRBtJyp4wVagQFQaVfOSrQTpVYsoT9hpzveCSKXla3aC2CnsUK1YvN06vvW5xHQ458U-xBBnetkw8o2Lm2T3Wz_wmPzGh8zjRAr3oaQ4LoMb-eWU_EBfcww_3IEUXsgwx4WKzcWlwO-CL0R-L7a4fMZeTXaX3ZunumZ3nz_dXn2trm--fLu6vK6GWshS2X5UndDQaguyU6B1CzBgo1tn-wYnVNZK7NUkmhHA9ba1Gh4JpRBrKXDNPhx99yn-XFwuZvZ5cLudDS4u2chG1thITVtYs_f_ofdxSYHSEVXXlINiECWP1JBizslNZp_8bNPBgDCP5zDHcxhasvl9DgPU9O7JeulnN_5t-bN_AvAIZJLCxqV_s5-x_QWCN5SQ</recordid><startdate>20210701</startdate><enddate>20210701</enddate><creator>Williams, Deborah M.</creator><creator>Almanza, Sandra M.</creator><creator>Sifuentes-Romero, Itzel</creator><creator>Detwiler, Kate M.</creator><general>Springer Singapore</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88A</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88G</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2M</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PSYQQ</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8000-9256</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1863-0230</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4597-133X</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20210701</creationdate><title>The history, taxonomy, and geographic origins of an introduced African monkey in the southeastern United States</title><author>Williams, Deborah M. ; 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Our goal was to determine the introduction history, species identification, and geographic origins of the monkeys. Through interviews, historical archives, and popular media, we traced the monkeys to an escape from the Dania Chimpanzee Farm in 1948. The facility imported primates from Africa for medical research purposes. Historical archives suggest the monkeys were caught in Sierra Leone. We tested the hypothesis of West African origins using three genetic markers: one mitochondrial DNA gene (cytochrome
b
) and two fragments from the Y-chromosome, the sex-determining gene and the zinc-finger gene. We ran Bayesian and maximum-likelihood analyses to reconstruct phylogenetic trees. Results from all loci confirmed the species identification is
Chlorocebus sabaeus
. We found no variation among the sampled individuals and found the cytochrome
b
haplotype to be a complete match to a
C. sabaeus
sample from Senegal. Phylogenetic analyses showed strong support for the Dania Beach mitochondrial and Y-chromosome lineages to group within a monophyletic
C. sabaeus
clade endemic to West Africa. Our study provides critical baseline information to the scientific community about a little-known population of
Chlorocebus
monkeys that have adapted to a novel environment in the southeastern United States.</abstract><cop>Singapore</cop><pub>Springer Singapore</pub><pmid>33963936</pmid><doi>10.1007/s10329-021-00890-1</doi><tpages>11</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8000-9256</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1863-0230</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4597-133X</orcidid></addata></record> |
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subjects | Animal Ecology Archives & records Bayesian analysis Beaches Behavioral Sciences Biomedical and Life Sciences Chromosomes Cytochrome Cytochrome b Cytochromes Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA Evolutionary Biology Genetic markers Haplotypes Introduced species Life Sciences Medical research Mitochondrial DNA Monkeys Original Article Origins Phylogenetics Phylogeny Taxonomy Y chromosomes Zinc finger proteins Zoology |
title | The history, taxonomy, and geographic origins of an introduced African monkey in the southeastern United States |
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