A Cluster Randomized Trial to Reduce Missed Abusive Head Trauma in Pediatric Intensive Care Settings

To estimate the impact of the PediBIRN (Pediatric Brain Injury Research Network) 4-variable clinical decision rule (CDR) on abuse evaluations and missed abusive head trauma in pediatric intensive care settings. This was a cluster randomized trial. Participants included 8 pediatric intensive care uni...

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Veröffentlicht in:The Journal of pediatrics 2021-09, Vol.236, p.260-268.e3
Hauptverfasser: Hymel, Kent P., Armijo-Garcia, Veronica, Musick, Matthew, Marinello, Mark, Herman, Bruce E., Weeks, Kerri, Haney, Suzanne B., Frazier, Terra N., Carroll, Christopher L., Kissoon, Natalie N., Isaac, Reena, Foster, Robin, Campbell, Kristine A., Tieves, Kelly S., Livingston, Nina, Bucher, Ashley, Woosley, Maria C., Escamilla-Padilla, Dorinda, Jaimon, Nancy, Kustka, Lucinda, Wang, Ming, Chinchilli, Vernon M., Dias, Mark S., Noll, Jennie
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container_issue
container_start_page 260
container_title The Journal of pediatrics
container_volume 236
creator Hymel, Kent P.
Armijo-Garcia, Veronica
Musick, Matthew
Marinello, Mark
Herman, Bruce E.
Weeks, Kerri
Haney, Suzanne B.
Frazier, Terra N.
Carroll, Christopher L.
Kissoon, Natalie N.
Isaac, Reena
Foster, Robin
Campbell, Kristine A.
Tieves, Kelly S.
Livingston, Nina
Bucher, Ashley
Woosley, Maria C.
Escamilla-Padilla, Dorinda
Jaimon, Nancy
Kustka, Lucinda
Wang, Ming
Chinchilli, Vernon M.
Dias, Mark S.
Noll, Jennie
description To estimate the impact of the PediBIRN (Pediatric Brain Injury Research Network) 4-variable clinical decision rule (CDR) on abuse evaluations and missed abusive head trauma in pediatric intensive care settings. This was a cluster randomized trial. Participants included 8 pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) in US academic medical centers; PICU and child abuse physicians; and consecutive patients with acute head injures
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.jpeds.2021.03.055
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This was a cluster randomized trial. Participants included 8 pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) in US academic medical centers; PICU and child abuse physicians; and consecutive patients with acute head injures &lt;3 years (n = 183 and n = 237, intervention vs control). PICUs were stratified by patient volumes, pair-matched, and randomized equally to intervention or control conditions. Randomization was concealed from the biostatistician. Physician-directed, cluster-level interventions included initial and booster training, access to an abusive head trauma probability calculator, and information sessions. Outcomes included “higher risk” patients evaluated thoroughly for abuse (with skeletal survey and retinal examination), potential cases of missed abusive head trauma (patients lacking either evaluation), and estimates of missed abusive head trauma (among potential cases). Group comparisons were performed using generalized linear mixed-effects models. Intervention physicians evaluated a greater proportion of higher risk patients thoroughly (81% vs 73%, P = .11) and had fewer potential cases of missed abusive head trauma (21% vs 32%, P = .05), although estimated cases of missed abusive head trauma did not differ (7% vs 13%, P = .22). From baseline (in previous studies) to trial, the change in higher risk patients evaluated thoroughly (67%→81% vs 78%→73%, P = .01), and potential cases of missed abusive head trauma (40%→21% vs 29%→32%, P = .003), diverged significantly. We did not identify a significant divergence in the number of estimated cases of missed abusive head trauma (15%→7% vs 11%→13%, P = .22). PediBIRN-4 CDR application facilitated changes in abuse evaluations that reduced potential cases of missed abusive head trauma in PICU settings. 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Intervention physicians evaluated a greater proportion of higher risk patients thoroughly (81% vs 73%, P = .11) and had fewer potential cases of missed abusive head trauma (21% vs 32%, P = .05), although estimated cases of missed abusive head trauma did not differ (7% vs 13%, P = .22). From baseline (in previous studies) to trial, the change in higher risk patients evaluated thoroughly (67%→81% vs 78%→73%, P = .01), and potential cases of missed abusive head trauma (40%→21% vs 29%→32%, P = .003), diverged significantly. We did not identify a significant divergence in the number of estimated cases of missed abusive head trauma (15%→7% vs 11%→13%, P = .22). PediBIRN-4 CDR application facilitated changes in abuse evaluations that reduced potential cases of missed abusive head trauma in PICU settings. 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subjects Child
child abuse
Child Abuse - diagnosis
clinical decision rule
Craniocerebral Trauma - diagnosis
Critical Care
Humans
Intensive Care Units, Pediatric
Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Mass Screening
Pediatrics
Science & Technology
screening test
title A Cluster Randomized Trial to Reduce Missed Abusive Head Trauma in Pediatric Intensive Care Settings
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