Standardisation of intestinal ultrasound scoring in clinical trials for luminal Crohn’s disease
Summary Background Intestinal ultrasound (IUS) is a valuable tool for assessment of Crohn’s disease (CD). However, there is no widely accepted luminal disease activity index. Aims To identify appropriate IUS protocols, indices, items, and scoring methods for measurement of luminal CD activity and in...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 2021-04, Vol.53 (8), p.873-886 |
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| creator | Goodsall, Thomas M. Jairath, Vipul Feagan, Brian G. Parker, Claire E. Nguyen, Tran M. Guizzetti, Leonardo Asthana, Anil K. Begun, Jakob Christensen, Britt Friedman, Antony B. Kucharzik, Torsten Lee, Andrew Lewindon, Peter J. Maaser, Christian Novak, Kerri L. Rimola, Jordi Taylor, Kirstin M. Taylor, Stuart A. White, Lauren S. Wilkens, Rune Wilson, Stephanie R. Wright, Emily K. Bryant, Robert V. Ma, Christopher |
| description | Summary
Background
Intestinal ultrasound (IUS) is a valuable tool for assessment of Crohn’s disease (CD). However, there is no widely accepted luminal disease activity index.
Aims
To identify appropriate IUS protocols, indices, items, and scoring methods for measurement of luminal CD activity and integration of IUS in CD clinical trials.
Methods
An expert international panel of adult and paediatric gastroenterologists (n = 15) and radiologists (n = 3) rated the appropriateness of 120 statements derived from literature review and expert opinion (scale of 1‐9) using modified RAND/UCLA methodology. Median panel scores of 1 to ≤3.5, >3.5 to |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/apt.16288 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2494885088</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2509239634</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3538-c91f437a28ecebaab08dc63f4a9b6d79fba6108ed01a99d70c898d2b560650fe3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp10MtKAzEUBuAgiq3VhS8gA250MTaXmTRZSvEGgoJ1PZxJMhqZJjWZQbrzNXw9n8TYVheC2WRxvvzk_AgdEnxG0hnDojsjnAqxhYaE8TKnmPFtNMSUy5wKwgZoL8YXjDGfYLqLBozxglBKhggeOnAagrYROutd5pvMus7Ezjpos77tAkTfO51F5YN1T2maqdY6q9K4CxbamDU-ZG0_X72YBv_sPt8_YpYiDUSzj3aahMzB5h6hx8uL2fQ6v727upme3-aKlUzkSpKmYBOgwihTA9RYaMVZU4CsuZ7IpgZOsDAaE5BST7ASUmhalxzzEjeGjdDJOncR_GufFqjmNirTtuCM72NFC1kIUWIhEj3-Q198H9LvkyqxpExyViR1ulYq-BiDaapFsHMIy4rg6rv3KvVerXpP9miT2Ndzo3_lT9EJjNfgzbZm-X9SdX4_W0d-AX7yjo8</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2509239634</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Standardisation of intestinal ultrasound scoring in clinical trials for luminal Crohn’s disease</title><source>Wiley Free Content</source><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete</source><source>Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals</source><creator>Goodsall, Thomas M. ; Jairath, Vipul ; Feagan, Brian G. ; Parker, Claire E. ; Nguyen, Tran M. ; Guizzetti, Leonardo ; Asthana, Anil K. ; Begun, Jakob ; Christensen, Britt ; Friedman, Antony B. ; Kucharzik, Torsten ; Lee, Andrew ; Lewindon, Peter J. ; Maaser, Christian ; Novak, Kerri L. ; Rimola, Jordi ; Taylor, Kirstin M. ; Taylor, Stuart A. ; White, Lauren S. ; Wilkens, Rune ; Wilson, Stephanie R. ; Wright, Emily K. ; Bryant, Robert V. ; Ma, Christopher</creator><creatorcontrib>Goodsall, Thomas M. ; Jairath, Vipul ; Feagan, Brian G. ; Parker, Claire E. ; Nguyen, Tran M. ; Guizzetti, Leonardo ; Asthana, Anil K. ; Begun, Jakob ; Christensen, Britt ; Friedman, Antony B. ; Kucharzik, Torsten ; Lee, Andrew ; Lewindon, Peter J. ; Maaser, Christian ; Novak, Kerri L. ; Rimola, Jordi ; Taylor, Kirstin M. ; Taylor, Stuart A. ; White, Lauren S. ; Wilkens, Rune ; Wilson, Stephanie R. ; Wright, Emily K. ; Bryant, Robert V. ; Ma, Christopher</creatorcontrib><description>Summary
Background
Intestinal ultrasound (IUS) is a valuable tool for assessment of Crohn’s disease (CD). However, there is no widely accepted luminal disease activity index.
Aims
To identify appropriate IUS protocols, indices, items, and scoring methods for measurement of luminal CD activity and integration of IUS in CD clinical trials.
Methods
An expert international panel of adult and paediatric gastroenterologists (n = 15) and radiologists (n = 3) rated the appropriateness of 120 statements derived from literature review and expert opinion (scale of 1‐9) using modified RAND/UCLA methodology. Median panel scores of 1 to ≤3.5, >3.5 to <6.5 and ≥6.5 to 9 were considered inappropriate, uncertain and appropriate ratings respectively. The statement list and survey results were discussed prior to voting.
Results
A total of 91 statements were rated appropriate with agreement after two rounds of voting. Items considered appropriate measures of disease activity were bowel wall thickness (BWT), vascularity, stratification and mesenteric inflammatory fat. There was uncertainty if any of the existing IUS disease activity indices were appropriate for use in CD clinical trials. Appropriate trial applications for IUS included patient recruitment qualification when diseased segments cannot be adequately assessed by ileocolonoscopy and screening for exclusionary complications. At outcome assessment, remission endpoints including BWT and vascularity, with or without mesenteric inflammatory fat, were considered appropriate. Components of an ideal IUS disease activity index were identified based upon panel discussions.
Conclusions
The panel identified appropriate component items and applications of IUS for CD clinical trials. Empiric evidence, and development and validation of an IUS disease activity index are needed.
This study employed a modified RAND/UCLA appropriateness methodology to define an evidence‐based approach to standardise IUS assessment of luminal CD activity and determine areas of uncertainty and inconsistency of practice. These results will be used to inform future studies whose ultimate goals include the development and validation of an IUS‐based CD activity score for implementation in clinical trials and clinical practice.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0269-2813</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1365-2036</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/apt.16288</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33641221</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</publisher><subject>Adult ; Child ; Clinical trials ; Crohn Disease - diagnostic imaging ; Crohn's disease ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Inflammatory bowel diseases ; Intestine ; Intestines ; Literature reviews ; Reference Standards ; Remission ; Ultrasonic imaging ; Ultrasonography ; Ultrasound</subject><ispartof>Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics, 2021-04, Vol.53 (8), p.873-886</ispartof><rights>2021 John Wiley & Sons Ltd</rights><rights>2021 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2021 John Wiley & Sons Ltd</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3538-c91f437a28ecebaab08dc63f4a9b6d79fba6108ed01a99d70c898d2b560650fe3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3538-c91f437a28ecebaab08dc63f4a9b6d79fba6108ed01a99d70c898d2b560650fe3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-8587-5441 ; 0000-0001-8603-898X ; 0000-0003-3945-8134 ; 0000-0002-4928-4708 ; 0000-0002-8106-1280 ; 0000-0002-6914-3822 ; 0000-0002-4698-9948 ; 0000-0003-4164-7321 ; 0000-0002-8746-4275 ; 0000-0002-1814-4198</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Fapt.16288$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Fapt.16288$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,1411,1427,27901,27902,45550,45551,46384,46808</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33641221$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Goodsall, Thomas M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jairath, Vipul</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Feagan, Brian G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Parker, Claire E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nguyen, Tran M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Guizzetti, Leonardo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Asthana, Anil K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Begun, Jakob</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Christensen, Britt</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Friedman, Antony B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kucharzik, Torsten</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Andrew</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lewindon, Peter J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maaser, Christian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Novak, Kerri L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rimola, Jordi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Taylor, Kirstin M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Taylor, Stuart A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>White, Lauren S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wilkens, Rune</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wilson, Stephanie R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wright, Emily K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bryant, Robert V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ma, Christopher</creatorcontrib><title>Standardisation of intestinal ultrasound scoring in clinical trials for luminal Crohn’s disease</title><title>Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics</title><addtitle>Aliment Pharmacol Ther</addtitle><description>Summary
Background
Intestinal ultrasound (IUS) is a valuable tool for assessment of Crohn’s disease (CD). However, there is no widely accepted luminal disease activity index.
Aims
To identify appropriate IUS protocols, indices, items, and scoring methods for measurement of luminal CD activity and integration of IUS in CD clinical trials.
Methods
An expert international panel of adult and paediatric gastroenterologists (n = 15) and radiologists (n = 3) rated the appropriateness of 120 statements derived from literature review and expert opinion (scale of 1‐9) using modified RAND/UCLA methodology. Median panel scores of 1 to ≤3.5, >3.5 to <6.5 and ≥6.5 to 9 were considered inappropriate, uncertain and appropriate ratings respectively. The statement list and survey results were discussed prior to voting.
Results
A total of 91 statements were rated appropriate with agreement after two rounds of voting. Items considered appropriate measures of disease activity were bowel wall thickness (BWT), vascularity, stratification and mesenteric inflammatory fat. There was uncertainty if any of the existing IUS disease activity indices were appropriate for use in CD clinical trials. Appropriate trial applications for IUS included patient recruitment qualification when diseased segments cannot be adequately assessed by ileocolonoscopy and screening for exclusionary complications. At outcome assessment, remission endpoints including BWT and vascularity, with or without mesenteric inflammatory fat, were considered appropriate. Components of an ideal IUS disease activity index were identified based upon panel discussions.
Conclusions
The panel identified appropriate component items and applications of IUS for CD clinical trials. Empiric evidence, and development and validation of an IUS disease activity index are needed.
This study employed a modified RAND/UCLA appropriateness methodology to define an evidence‐based approach to standardise IUS assessment of luminal CD activity and determine areas of uncertainty and inconsistency of practice. These results will be used to inform future studies whose ultimate goals include the development and validation of an IUS‐based CD activity score for implementation in clinical trials and clinical practice.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Clinical trials</subject><subject>Crohn Disease - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>Crohn's disease</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Inflammation</subject><subject>Inflammatory bowel diseases</subject><subject>Intestine</subject><subject>Intestines</subject><subject>Literature reviews</subject><subject>Reference Standards</subject><subject>Remission</subject><subject>Ultrasonic imaging</subject><subject>Ultrasonography</subject><subject>Ultrasound</subject><issn>0269-2813</issn><issn>1365-2036</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp10MtKAzEUBuAgiq3VhS8gA250MTaXmTRZSvEGgoJ1PZxJMhqZJjWZQbrzNXw9n8TYVheC2WRxvvzk_AgdEnxG0hnDojsjnAqxhYaE8TKnmPFtNMSUy5wKwgZoL8YXjDGfYLqLBozxglBKhggeOnAagrYROutd5pvMus7Ezjpos77tAkTfO51F5YN1T2maqdY6q9K4CxbamDU-ZG0_X72YBv_sPt8_YpYiDUSzj3aahMzB5h6hx8uL2fQ6v727upme3-aKlUzkSpKmYBOgwihTA9RYaMVZU4CsuZ7IpgZOsDAaE5BST7ASUmhalxzzEjeGjdDJOncR_GufFqjmNirTtuCM72NFC1kIUWIhEj3-Q198H9LvkyqxpExyViR1ulYq-BiDaapFsHMIy4rg6rv3KvVerXpP9miT2Ndzo3_lT9EJjNfgzbZm-X9SdX4_W0d-AX7yjo8</recordid><startdate>202104</startdate><enddate>202104</enddate><creator>Goodsall, Thomas M.</creator><creator>Jairath, Vipul</creator><creator>Feagan, Brian G.</creator><creator>Parker, Claire E.</creator><creator>Nguyen, Tran M.</creator><creator>Guizzetti, Leonardo</creator><creator>Asthana, Anil K.</creator><creator>Begun, Jakob</creator><creator>Christensen, Britt</creator><creator>Friedman, Antony B.</creator><creator>Kucharzik, Torsten</creator><creator>Lee, Andrew</creator><creator>Lewindon, Peter J.</creator><creator>Maaser, Christian</creator><creator>Novak, Kerri L.</creator><creator>Rimola, Jordi</creator><creator>Taylor, Kirstin M.</creator><creator>Taylor, Stuart A.</creator><creator>White, Lauren S.</creator><creator>Wilkens, Rune</creator><creator>Wilson, Stephanie R.</creator><creator>Wright, Emily K.</creator><creator>Bryant, Robert V.</creator><creator>Ma, Christopher</creator><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8587-5441</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8603-898X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3945-8134</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4928-4708</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8106-1280</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6914-3822</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4698-9948</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4164-7321</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8746-4275</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1814-4198</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202104</creationdate><title>Standardisation of intestinal ultrasound scoring in clinical trials for luminal Crohn’s disease</title><author>Goodsall, Thomas M. ; Jairath, Vipul ; Feagan, Brian G. ; Parker, Claire E. ; Nguyen, Tran M. ; Guizzetti, Leonardo ; Asthana, Anil K. ; Begun, Jakob ; Christensen, Britt ; Friedman, Antony B. ; Kucharzik, Torsten ; Lee, Andrew ; Lewindon, Peter J. ; Maaser, Christian ; Novak, Kerri L. ; Rimola, Jordi ; Taylor, Kirstin M. ; Taylor, Stuart A. ; White, Lauren S. ; Wilkens, Rune ; Wilson, Stephanie R. ; Wright, Emily K. ; Bryant, Robert V. ; Ma, Christopher</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3538-c91f437a28ecebaab08dc63f4a9b6d79fba6108ed01a99d70c898d2b560650fe3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Clinical trials</topic><topic>Crohn Disease - diagnostic imaging</topic><topic>Crohn's disease</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Inflammation</topic><topic>Inflammatory bowel diseases</topic><topic>Intestine</topic><topic>Intestines</topic><topic>Literature reviews</topic><topic>Reference Standards</topic><topic>Remission</topic><topic>Ultrasonic imaging</topic><topic>Ultrasonography</topic><topic>Ultrasound</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Goodsall, Thomas M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jairath, Vipul</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Feagan, Brian G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Parker, Claire E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nguyen, Tran M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Guizzetti, Leonardo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Asthana, Anil K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Begun, Jakob</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Christensen, Britt</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Friedman, Antony B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kucharzik, Torsten</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Andrew</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lewindon, Peter J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maaser, Christian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Novak, Kerri L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rimola, Jordi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Taylor, Kirstin M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Taylor, Stuart A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>White, Lauren S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wilkens, Rune</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wilson, Stephanie R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wright, Emily K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bryant, Robert V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ma, Christopher</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Goodsall, Thomas M.</au><au>Jairath, Vipul</au><au>Feagan, Brian G.</au><au>Parker, Claire E.</au><au>Nguyen, Tran M.</au><au>Guizzetti, Leonardo</au><au>Asthana, Anil K.</au><au>Begun, Jakob</au><au>Christensen, Britt</au><au>Friedman, Antony B.</au><au>Kucharzik, Torsten</au><au>Lee, Andrew</au><au>Lewindon, Peter J.</au><au>Maaser, Christian</au><au>Novak, Kerri L.</au><au>Rimola, Jordi</au><au>Taylor, Kirstin M.</au><au>Taylor, Stuart A.</au><au>White, Lauren S.</au><au>Wilkens, Rune</au><au>Wilson, Stephanie R.</au><au>Wright, Emily K.</au><au>Bryant, Robert V.</au><au>Ma, Christopher</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Standardisation of intestinal ultrasound scoring in clinical trials for luminal Crohn’s disease</atitle><jtitle>Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics</jtitle><addtitle>Aliment Pharmacol Ther</addtitle><date>2021-04</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>53</volume><issue>8</issue><spage>873</spage><epage>886</epage><pages>873-886</pages><issn>0269-2813</issn><eissn>1365-2036</eissn><abstract>Summary
Background
Intestinal ultrasound (IUS) is a valuable tool for assessment of Crohn’s disease (CD). However, there is no widely accepted luminal disease activity index.
Aims
To identify appropriate IUS protocols, indices, items, and scoring methods for measurement of luminal CD activity and integration of IUS in CD clinical trials.
Methods
An expert international panel of adult and paediatric gastroenterologists (n = 15) and radiologists (n = 3) rated the appropriateness of 120 statements derived from literature review and expert opinion (scale of 1‐9) using modified RAND/UCLA methodology. Median panel scores of 1 to ≤3.5, >3.5 to <6.5 and ≥6.5 to 9 were considered inappropriate, uncertain and appropriate ratings respectively. The statement list and survey results were discussed prior to voting.
Results
A total of 91 statements were rated appropriate with agreement after two rounds of voting. Items considered appropriate measures of disease activity were bowel wall thickness (BWT), vascularity, stratification and mesenteric inflammatory fat. There was uncertainty if any of the existing IUS disease activity indices were appropriate for use in CD clinical trials. Appropriate trial applications for IUS included patient recruitment qualification when diseased segments cannot be adequately assessed by ileocolonoscopy and screening for exclusionary complications. At outcome assessment, remission endpoints including BWT and vascularity, with or without mesenteric inflammatory fat, were considered appropriate. Components of an ideal IUS disease activity index were identified based upon panel discussions.
Conclusions
The panel identified appropriate component items and applications of IUS for CD clinical trials. Empiric evidence, and development and validation of an IUS disease activity index are needed.
This study employed a modified RAND/UCLA appropriateness methodology to define an evidence‐based approach to standardise IUS assessment of luminal CD activity and determine areas of uncertainty and inconsistency of practice. These results will be used to inform future studies whose ultimate goals include the development and validation of an IUS‐based CD activity score for implementation in clinical trials and clinical practice.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</pub><pmid>33641221</pmid><doi>10.1111/apt.16288</doi><tpages>14</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8587-5441</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8603-898X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3945-8134</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4928-4708</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8106-1280</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6914-3822</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4698-9948</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4164-7321</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8746-4275</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1814-4198</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics, 2021-04, Vol.53 (8), p.873-886 |
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| source | Wiley Free Content; MEDLINE; Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals |
| subjects | Adult Child Clinical trials Crohn Disease - diagnostic imaging Crohn's disease Humans Inflammation Inflammatory bowel diseases Intestine Intestines Literature reviews Reference Standards Remission Ultrasonic imaging Ultrasonography Ultrasound |
| title | Standardisation of intestinal ultrasound scoring in clinical trials for luminal Crohn’s disease |
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