Hydrogeochemical characteristics and groundwater quality assessment in the plain area of Yarkant River Basin in Xinjiang, P.R. China
The deteriorating groundwater quality due to natural genesis and anthropogenic activities has prevented the sustainable use of groundwater. The characteristics and factors affecting groundwater quality for drinking in shallow aquifers (depth ≤ 100 m) in the plain area of Yarkant River Basin in Xinji...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Environmental science and pollution research international 2021-06, Vol.28 (24), p.31704-31716 |
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| creator | Zhang, Jie Zhou, Jinlong Zhou, Yinzhu Zeng, Yanyan Ji, Yuanyuan Sun, Ying Lei, Mi |
| description | The deteriorating groundwater quality due to natural genesis and anthropogenic activities has prevented the sustainable use of groundwater. The characteristics and factors affecting groundwater quality for drinking in shallow aquifers (depth ≤ 100 m) in the plain area of Yarkant River Basin in Xinjiang were analyzed using water quality index (WQI), geostatistics, and geochemical methods. Results showed that the groundwater was weak-alkaline with neutral pH, with dominant water types being SO
4
•HCO
3
-Ca•Mg, SO
4
•Cl•HCO
3
-Na•Ca, SO
4
•HCO
3
•Cl-Ca•Na, Cl•SO
4
-Na•Ca, and HCO
3
•SO
4
-Mg•Ca. WQI ranged between 31.79 and 549.37, and about 14.43%, 31.96%, 18.56%, 22.68%, and 12.37% of the all samples were excellent, good, medium, poor, and extremely poor quality, respectively. The proportion of excellent quality was the highest in single structure phreatic aquifer (SSPA, 50.00%) and good quality were the highest in multilayered structure phreatic aquifer (MSPA, 34.21%) and multilayered structure confined aquifer (MSCA, 28.89%). With the extension of the river, the groundwater quality gradually degenerated from south to north in phreatic aquifer (PA, including SSPA and MSPA). The further away from the Yarkant river, the worse the groundwater quality of PA. Furthermore, the WQI showed excellent, good, and an alternation of medium and poor quality (including extremely poor quality) from south to north in the MSCA. The groundwater quality deterioration might have been affected by the dissolution of evaporite minerals, such as halite, gypsum, and anhydrite and ion exchange process. In addition, local effects of anthropogenic activities and land usage patterns on the groundwater quality should be reckoned as well. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s11356-021-12851-8 |
| format | Article |
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4
•HCO
3
-Ca•Mg, SO
4
•Cl•HCO
3
-Na•Ca, SO
4
•HCO
3
•Cl-Ca•Na, Cl•SO
4
-Na•Ca, and HCO
3
•SO
4
-Mg•Ca. WQI ranged between 31.79 and 549.37, and about 14.43%, 31.96%, 18.56%, 22.68%, and 12.37% of the all samples were excellent, good, medium, poor, and extremely poor quality, respectively. The proportion of excellent quality was the highest in single structure phreatic aquifer (SSPA, 50.00%) and good quality were the highest in multilayered structure phreatic aquifer (MSPA, 34.21%) and multilayered structure confined aquifer (MSCA, 28.89%). With the extension of the river, the groundwater quality gradually degenerated from south to north in phreatic aquifer (PA, including SSPA and MSPA). The further away from the Yarkant river, the worse the groundwater quality of PA. Furthermore, the WQI showed excellent, good, and an alternation of medium and poor quality (including extremely poor quality) from south to north in the MSCA. The groundwater quality deterioration might have been affected by the dissolution of evaporite minerals, such as halite, gypsum, and anhydrite and ion exchange process. In addition, local effects of anthropogenic activities and land usage patterns on the groundwater quality should be reckoned as well.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0944-1344</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1614-7499</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12851-8</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33611751</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>anhydrite ; Anthropogenic factors ; Aquatic Pollution ; Aquifers ; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution ; Calcium ; China ; Confined aquifers ; Drinking water ; Earth and Environmental Science ; Ecotoxicology ; Environment ; Environmental Chemistry ; Environmental Health ; Environmental science ; Geostatistics ; Groundwater ; Groundwater quality ; Gypsum ; Hydrogeochemistry ; Ion exchange ; Land use ; Magnesium ; Minerals ; Quality assessment ; Quality control ; Research Article ; River basins ; Rivers ; Sodium ; Sustainable use ; Waste Water Technology ; Water depth ; Water Management ; Water Pollution Control ; Water quality ; watersheds</subject><ispartof>Environmental science and pollution research international, 2021-06, Vol.28 (24), p.31704-31716</ispartof><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH, DE part of Springer Nature 2021</rights><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH, DE part of Springer Nature 2021.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c408t-97cefbfc3b8049106275d9b7478d447fcb4e4903d21085112dd1eb22f06cf333</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c408t-97cefbfc3b8049106275d9b7478d447fcb4e4903d21085112dd1eb22f06cf333</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-4325-1104</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11356-021-12851-8$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11356-021-12851-8$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27903,27904,41467,42536,51297</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33611751$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Jie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhou, Jinlong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhou, Yinzhu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zeng, Yanyan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ji, Yuanyuan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sun, Ying</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lei, Mi</creatorcontrib><title>Hydrogeochemical characteristics and groundwater quality assessment in the plain area of Yarkant River Basin in Xinjiang, P.R. China</title><title>Environmental science and pollution research international</title><addtitle>Environ Sci Pollut Res</addtitle><addtitle>Environ Sci Pollut Res Int</addtitle><description>The deteriorating groundwater quality due to natural genesis and anthropogenic activities has prevented the sustainable use of groundwater. The characteristics and factors affecting groundwater quality for drinking in shallow aquifers (depth ≤ 100 m) in the plain area of Yarkant River Basin in Xinjiang were analyzed using water quality index (WQI), geostatistics, and geochemical methods. Results showed that the groundwater was weak-alkaline with neutral pH, with dominant water types being SO
4
•HCO
3
-Ca•Mg, SO
4
•Cl•HCO
3
-Na•Ca, SO
4
•HCO
3
•Cl-Ca•Na, Cl•SO
4
-Na•Ca, and HCO
3
•SO
4
-Mg•Ca. WQI ranged between 31.79 and 549.37, and about 14.43%, 31.96%, 18.56%, 22.68%, and 12.37% of the all samples were excellent, good, medium, poor, and extremely poor quality, respectively. The proportion of excellent quality was the highest in single structure phreatic aquifer (SSPA, 50.00%) and good quality were the highest in multilayered structure phreatic aquifer (MSPA, 34.21%) and multilayered structure confined aquifer (MSCA, 28.89%). With the extension of the river, the groundwater quality gradually degenerated from south to north in phreatic aquifer (PA, including SSPA and MSPA). The further away from the Yarkant river, the worse the groundwater quality of PA. Furthermore, the WQI showed excellent, good, and an alternation of medium and poor quality (including extremely poor quality) from south to north in the MSCA. The groundwater quality deterioration might have been affected by the dissolution of evaporite minerals, such as halite, gypsum, and anhydrite and ion exchange process. In addition, local effects of anthropogenic activities and land usage patterns on the groundwater quality should be reckoned as well.</description><subject>anhydrite</subject><subject>Anthropogenic factors</subject><subject>Aquatic Pollution</subject><subject>Aquifers</subject><subject>Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution</subject><subject>Calcium</subject><subject>China</subject><subject>Confined aquifers</subject><subject>Drinking water</subject><subject>Earth and Environmental Science</subject><subject>Ecotoxicology</subject><subject>Environment</subject><subject>Environmental Chemistry</subject><subject>Environmental Health</subject><subject>Environmental science</subject><subject>Geostatistics</subject><subject>Groundwater</subject><subject>Groundwater quality</subject><subject>Gypsum</subject><subject>Hydrogeochemistry</subject><subject>Ion exchange</subject><subject>Land use</subject><subject>Magnesium</subject><subject>Minerals</subject><subject>Quality assessment</subject><subject>Quality control</subject><subject>Research Article</subject><subject>River basins</subject><subject>Rivers</subject><subject>Sodium</subject><subject>Sustainable use</subject><subject>Waste Water Technology</subject><subject>Water depth</subject><subject>Water Management</subject><subject>Water Pollution Control</subject><subject>Water quality</subject><subject>watersheds</subject><issn>0944-1344</issn><issn>1614-7499</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkcGP1CAYxYnRuOPqP-DBkHjxYEc--FrKUSfqmmyi2exBT4QCnWFs6Sy0mrn7h4vOqokHTUggvN_7CO8R8hjYGhiTLzKAqJuKcaiAtzVU7R2yggawkqjUXbJiCrECgXhGHuS8Z4wzxeV9ciZEAyBrWJFvF0eXpq2f7M6PwZqB2p1Jxs4-hTwHm6mJjm7TtET31ZRberOYIcxHanL2OY8-zjREOu88PQymnEzyhk49_WTSZ1PEq_CluF6ZXLSyPoa4DyZun9MP66s13exCNA_Jvd4M2T-63c_J9ZvX15uL6vL923ebl5eVRdbOlZLW911vRdcyVMAaLmunOomydYiytx16VEw4DqzEAdw58B3nPWtsL4Q4J89OYw9pull8nvUYsvXDYKKflqx505RcsZH8_ygqXiKXjSro07_Q_bSkWP6heY11yzgiKxQ_UTZNOSff60MKo0lHDUz_aFOf2tSlTf2zTd0W05Pb0Us3evfb8qu-AogTkIsUtz79efsfY78DY8WqBw</recordid><startdate>20210601</startdate><enddate>20210601</enddate><creator>Zhang, Jie</creator><creator>Zhou, Jinlong</creator><creator>Zhou, Yinzhu</creator><creator>Zeng, Yanyan</creator><creator>Ji, Yuanyuan</creator><creator>Sun, Ying</creator><creator>Lei, Mi</creator><general>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TV</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7WY</scope><scope>7WZ</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>87Z</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8FL</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BEZIV</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FRNLG</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>F~G</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K60</scope><scope>K6~</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>L.-</scope><scope>M0C</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PQBIZ</scope><scope>PQBZA</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>7S9</scope><scope>L.6</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4325-1104</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20210601</creationdate><title>Hydrogeochemical characteristics and groundwater quality assessment in the plain area of Yarkant River Basin in Xinjiang, P.R. China</title><author>Zhang, Jie ; Zhou, Jinlong ; Zhou, Yinzhu ; Zeng, Yanyan ; Ji, Yuanyuan ; Sun, Ying ; Lei, Mi</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c408t-97cefbfc3b8049106275d9b7478d447fcb4e4903d21085112dd1eb22f06cf333</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>anhydrite</topic><topic>Anthropogenic factors</topic><topic>Aquatic Pollution</topic><topic>Aquifers</topic><topic>Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution</topic><topic>Calcium</topic><topic>China</topic><topic>Confined aquifers</topic><topic>Drinking water</topic><topic>Earth and Environmental Science</topic><topic>Ecotoxicology</topic><topic>Environment</topic><topic>Environmental Chemistry</topic><topic>Environmental Health</topic><topic>Environmental science</topic><topic>Geostatistics</topic><topic>Groundwater</topic><topic>Groundwater 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China</atitle><jtitle>Environmental science and pollution research international</jtitle><stitle>Environ Sci Pollut Res</stitle><addtitle>Environ Sci Pollut Res Int</addtitle><date>2021-06-01</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>28</volume><issue>24</issue><spage>31704</spage><epage>31716</epage><pages>31704-31716</pages><issn>0944-1344</issn><eissn>1614-7499</eissn><abstract>The deteriorating groundwater quality due to natural genesis and anthropogenic activities has prevented the sustainable use of groundwater. The characteristics and factors affecting groundwater quality for drinking in shallow aquifers (depth ≤ 100 m) in the plain area of Yarkant River Basin in Xinjiang were analyzed using water quality index (WQI), geostatistics, and geochemical methods. Results showed that the groundwater was weak-alkaline with neutral pH, with dominant water types being SO
4
•HCO
3
-Ca•Mg, SO
4
•Cl•HCO
3
-Na•Ca, SO
4
•HCO
3
•Cl-Ca•Na, Cl•SO
4
-Na•Ca, and HCO
3
•SO
4
-Mg•Ca. WQI ranged between 31.79 and 549.37, and about 14.43%, 31.96%, 18.56%, 22.68%, and 12.37% of the all samples were excellent, good, medium, poor, and extremely poor quality, respectively. The proportion of excellent quality was the highest in single structure phreatic aquifer (SSPA, 50.00%) and good quality were the highest in multilayered structure phreatic aquifer (MSPA, 34.21%) and multilayered structure confined aquifer (MSCA, 28.89%). With the extension of the river, the groundwater quality gradually degenerated from south to north in phreatic aquifer (PA, including SSPA and MSPA). The further away from the Yarkant river, the worse the groundwater quality of PA. Furthermore, the WQI showed excellent, good, and an alternation of medium and poor quality (including extremely poor quality) from south to north in the MSCA. The groundwater quality deterioration might have been affected by the dissolution of evaporite minerals, such as halite, gypsum, and anhydrite and ion exchange process. In addition, local effects of anthropogenic activities and land usage patterns on the groundwater quality should be reckoned as well.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><pmid>33611751</pmid><doi>10.1007/s11356-021-12851-8</doi><tpages>13</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4325-1104</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| subjects | anhydrite Anthropogenic factors Aquatic Pollution Aquifers Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution Calcium China Confined aquifers Drinking water Earth and Environmental Science Ecotoxicology Environment Environmental Chemistry Environmental Health Environmental science Geostatistics Groundwater Groundwater quality Gypsum Hydrogeochemistry Ion exchange Land use Magnesium Minerals Quality assessment Quality control Research Article River basins Rivers Sodium Sustainable use Waste Water Technology Water depth Water Management Water Pollution Control Water quality watersheds |
| title | Hydrogeochemical characteristics and groundwater quality assessment in the plain area of Yarkant River Basin in Xinjiang, P.R. China |
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