Noninvasive Evaluation for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease worldwide and has the potential risk for progressing to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which is associated with a greater risk for complications of chronic liver disease. Noninvasive testing has been evaluated fo...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Clinical therapeutics 2021-03, Vol.43 (3), p.455-472 |
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| creator | Kogachi, Shannon Noureddin, Mazen |
| description | Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease worldwide and has the potential risk for progressing to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which is associated with a greater risk for complications of chronic liver disease. Noninvasive testing has been evaluated for diagnosis, risk stratification, disease progression, and assessing response to therapy. The purpose of this narrative review was to outline the current noninvasive testing modalities for the diagnostic evaluation of NAFLD and NASH, while discussing possible markers that could be used for monitoring response to therapies.
The PubMed and Cochrane databases were searched for relevant articles that evaluated the diagnosis of NAFLD/NASH with serum biomarkers and/or imaging.
Serum biomarkers, imaging modalities, and combinations/serial algorithms involved in the diagnosis of NAFLD and NASH are outlined. In addition, noninvasive modalities that have been used for assessing response to therapies in clinical trials are discussed.
Liver biopsy currently remains the gold standard for diagnosis and is often used in clinical trials to assess treatment response. However, developing safe and accessible noninvasive modalities for diagnosis and monitoring will have greater impact and relevance, as biopsy may not always be feasible in all clinical settings. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.clinthera.2021.01.012 |
| format | Article |
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The PubMed and Cochrane databases were searched for relevant articles that evaluated the diagnosis of NAFLD/NASH with serum biomarkers and/or imaging.
Serum biomarkers, imaging modalities, and combinations/serial algorithms involved in the diagnosis of NAFLD and NASH are outlined. In addition, noninvasive modalities that have been used for assessing response to therapies in clinical trials are discussed.
Liver biopsy currently remains the gold standard for diagnosis and is often used in clinical trials to assess treatment response. However, developing safe and accessible noninvasive modalities for diagnosis and monitoring will have greater impact and relevance, as biopsy may not always be feasible in all clinical settings.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0149-2918</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1879-114X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2021.01.012</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33581876</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Age ; Apolipoproteins ; Apoptosis ; Biomarkers ; Biopsy ; Body mass index ; Chemokines ; Clinical medicine ; Clinical trials ; Complications ; Diabetes ; Diagnosis ; Evaluation ; Fatty liver ; Health risks ; Inflammation ; Ligands ; Liver ; Liver diseases ; Medical imaging ; Monitoring ; MRI-PDFF ; NAFLD ; NASH ; noninvasive ; Noninvasive evaluation ; Proteins ; Risk ; Risk assessment ; serum biomarkers ; Spectrum analysis ; Telemedicine ; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF ; VCTE</subject><ispartof>Clinical therapeutics, 2021-03, Vol.43 (3), p.455-472</ispartof><rights>2021 Elsevier Inc.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</rights><rights>2021. Elsevier Inc.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c448t-456c6360c89e723e2005dd6b91692f39fe50fcf9978e8478c30267c84f8221173</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c448t-456c6360c89e723e2005dd6b91692f39fe50fcf9978e8478c30267c84f8221173</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-9501-2327</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0149291821000163$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3537,27901,27902,65306</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33581876$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Kogachi, Shannon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Noureddin, Mazen</creatorcontrib><title>Noninvasive Evaluation for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis</title><title>Clinical therapeutics</title><addtitle>Clin Ther</addtitle><description>Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease worldwide and has the potential risk for progressing to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which is associated with a greater risk for complications of chronic liver disease. Noninvasive testing has been evaluated for diagnosis, risk stratification, disease progression, and assessing response to therapy. The purpose of this narrative review was to outline the current noninvasive testing modalities for the diagnostic evaluation of NAFLD and NASH, while discussing possible markers that could be used for monitoring response to therapies.
The PubMed and Cochrane databases were searched for relevant articles that evaluated the diagnosis of NAFLD/NASH with serum biomarkers and/or imaging.
Serum biomarkers, imaging modalities, and combinations/serial algorithms involved in the diagnosis of NAFLD and NASH are outlined. In addition, noninvasive modalities that have been used for assessing response to therapies in clinical trials are discussed.
Liver biopsy currently remains the gold standard for diagnosis and is often used in clinical trials to assess treatment response. However, developing safe and accessible noninvasive modalities for diagnosis and monitoring will have greater impact and relevance, as biopsy may not always be feasible in all clinical settings.</description><subject>Age</subject><subject>Apolipoproteins</subject><subject>Apoptosis</subject><subject>Biomarkers</subject><subject>Biopsy</subject><subject>Body mass index</subject><subject>Chemokines</subject><subject>Clinical medicine</subject><subject>Clinical trials</subject><subject>Complications</subject><subject>Diabetes</subject><subject>Diagnosis</subject><subject>Evaluation</subject><subject>Fatty liver</subject><subject>Health risks</subject><subject>Inflammation</subject><subject>Ligands</subject><subject>Liver</subject><subject>Liver diseases</subject><subject>Medical imaging</subject><subject>Monitoring</subject><subject>MRI-PDFF</subject><subject>NAFLD</subject><subject>NASH</subject><subject>noninvasive</subject><subject>Noninvasive evaluation</subject><subject>Proteins</subject><subject>Risk</subject><subject>Risk assessment</subject><subject>serum biomarkers</subject><subject>Spectrum analysis</subject><subject>Telemedicine</subject><subject>Tumor necrosis factor-TNF</subject><subject>VCTE</subject><issn>0149-2918</issn><issn>1879-114X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNqF0U1r3DAQBmARUpJt2r-QGHLJxdvRh2XpGPLRFJb20BZ6KAhFHrNavNZWkhfy7yOzaSC9FAZ00DMjNC8hFxSWFKj8tFm6wY95jdEuGTC6hLnYEVlQ1eqaUvHrmCyACl0zTdUpeZ_SBgC4btgJOeW8UQXKBfn9NYx-3Nvk91jd7e0w2ezDWPUhVuXKDi6sw-BddW9zfqpWhcXq1ie0CSs7dm_R94w2hzXuypDs0wfyrrdDwo8v5xn5eX_34-ahXn37_OXmelU7IVSuRSOd5BKc0tgyjgyg6Tr5qKnUrOe6xwZ612vdKlSiVY4Dk61ToleMUdryM3J1mLuL4c-EKZutTw6HwY4YpmSYUFpCA6op9PIfuglTLF8oqqGccRCCFdUelIshpYi92UW_tfHJUDBzAGZjXgMwcwAG5po7z1_mT49b7F77_m68gOsDwLKQvcdokvM4Oux8RJdNF_x_H3kGTNqakQ</recordid><startdate>202103</startdate><enddate>202103</enddate><creator>Kogachi, Shannon</creator><creator>Noureddin, Mazen</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><general>Elsevier Limited</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88C</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M0T</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9501-2327</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202103</creationdate><title>Noninvasive Evaluation for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis</title><author>Kogachi, Shannon ; Noureddin, Mazen</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c448t-456c6360c89e723e2005dd6b91692f39fe50fcf9978e8478c30267c84f8221173</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Age</topic><topic>Apolipoproteins</topic><topic>Apoptosis</topic><topic>Biomarkers</topic><topic>Biopsy</topic><topic>Body mass index</topic><topic>Chemokines</topic><topic>Clinical medicine</topic><topic>Clinical trials</topic><topic>Complications</topic><topic>Diabetes</topic><topic>Diagnosis</topic><topic>Evaluation</topic><topic>Fatty liver</topic><topic>Health risks</topic><topic>Inflammation</topic><topic>Ligands</topic><topic>Liver</topic><topic>Liver diseases</topic><topic>Medical imaging</topic><topic>Monitoring</topic><topic>MRI-PDFF</topic><topic>NAFLD</topic><topic>NASH</topic><topic>noninvasive</topic><topic>Noninvasive evaluation</topic><topic>Proteins</topic><topic>Risk</topic><topic>Risk assessment</topic><topic>serum biomarkers</topic><topic>Spectrum analysis</topic><topic>Telemedicine</topic><topic>Tumor necrosis factor-TNF</topic><topic>VCTE</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Kogachi, Shannon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Noureddin, Mazen</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Healthcare Administration Database (Alumni)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Research Library (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Healthcare Administration Database</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Research Library</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Research Library (Corporate)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Clinical therapeutics</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Kogachi, Shannon</au><au>Noureddin, Mazen</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Noninvasive Evaluation for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis</atitle><jtitle>Clinical therapeutics</jtitle><addtitle>Clin Ther</addtitle><date>2021-03</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>43</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>455</spage><epage>472</epage><pages>455-472</pages><issn>0149-2918</issn><eissn>1879-114X</eissn><abstract>Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease worldwide and has the potential risk for progressing to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which is associated with a greater risk for complications of chronic liver disease. Noninvasive testing has been evaluated for diagnosis, risk stratification, disease progression, and assessing response to therapy. The purpose of this narrative review was to outline the current noninvasive testing modalities for the diagnostic evaluation of NAFLD and NASH, while discussing possible markers that could be used for monitoring response to therapies.
The PubMed and Cochrane databases were searched for relevant articles that evaluated the diagnosis of NAFLD/NASH with serum biomarkers and/or imaging.
Serum biomarkers, imaging modalities, and combinations/serial algorithms involved in the diagnosis of NAFLD and NASH are outlined. In addition, noninvasive modalities that have been used for assessing response to therapies in clinical trials are discussed.
Liver biopsy currently remains the gold standard for diagnosis and is often used in clinical trials to assess treatment response. However, developing safe and accessible noninvasive modalities for diagnosis and monitoring will have greater impact and relevance, as biopsy may not always be feasible in all clinical settings.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>33581876</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.clinthera.2021.01.012</doi><tpages>18</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9501-2327</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals |
| subjects | Age Apolipoproteins Apoptosis Biomarkers Biopsy Body mass index Chemokines Clinical medicine Clinical trials Complications Diabetes Diagnosis Evaluation Fatty liver Health risks Inflammation Ligands Liver Liver diseases Medical imaging Monitoring MRI-PDFF NAFLD NASH noninvasive Noninvasive evaluation Proteins Risk Risk assessment serum biomarkers Spectrum analysis Telemedicine Tumor necrosis factor-TNF VCTE |
| title | Noninvasive Evaluation for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis |
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