Variations in incidence and mortality rates of endometrial cancer at the global, regional, and national levels, 1990–2019

Endometrial cancer (EC) is a commonly diagnosed cancer in women. A comprehensive knowledge of its epidemiological features is essential for understanding the disease burden and guiding prevention strategies. We retrieved the incidence and mortality data of EC from the Global Burden of Disease database. Estimated average percentage change (EAPC) was used to quantify the trends of the age-standardized incidence and mortality rates (ASIR and ASMR, respectively) of EC from 1990 to 2019. Globally, the ASIR of EC significantly increased by 0.69% (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.57–0.81%) per year between 1990 and 2019. This increasing trend was also observed in 160 countries or territories, regardless of the sociodemographic status. The most pronounced increase was found in Italy (EAPC = 4.81, 95% CI, 4.10–5.53), followed by Saudi Arabia and Singapore. Between 1990 and 2019, the ASMR of EC decreased significantly worldwide (EAPC = −0.85, 95% CI, −0.93 to −0.76) but increased significantly in 91 countries or territories, with the highest increase in Lesotho (EAPC = 3.27, 95% CI, 2.81–3.74). The ASMR–ASIR ratio of EC was higher in developing countries than in developed countries. This ratio showed a decreasing trend at the national level over the past three decades. EC incidence has ubiquitously increased worldwide. EC mortality has decreased at the global level but increased in many countries. More efforts are required to alleviate the disease burden of EC. •The incidence of endometrial cancer was ubiquitously increased worldwide between 1990 and 2019.•The mortality of endometrial cancer was decreased at the global level.•The mortality of endometrial cancer was significantly increased in more than 40% of countries.•The mortality-incidence ratio of endometrial cancer was decreased in nearly all countries.•The mortality-incidence ratio of endometrial cancer remained at a high level in low- and low-middle income countries.