Alpha‐lipoic acid ameliorates tauopathy‐induced oxidative stress, apoptosis, and behavioral deficits through the balance of DIAP1/DrICE ratio and redox homeostasis: Age is a determinant factor
Tauopathies belong to a heterogeneous class of neuronal diseases resulting in the metabolic disturbance. A disulfide natural compound of Alpha-Lipoic acid (ALA) has shown numerous pharmacologic, antioxidant, and neuroprotective activities under neuropathological conditions. The aim of this study was...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Metabolic brain disease 2021-04, Vol.36 (4), p.669-683 |
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| description | Tauopathies belong to a heterogeneous class of neuronal diseases resulting in the metabolic disturbance. A disulfide natural compound of Alpha-Lipoic acid (ALA) has shown numerous pharmacologic, antioxidant, and neuroprotective activities under neuropathological conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate the neuroprotective effects of ALA on the tauopathy-induced oxidative disturbance and behavioral deficits. The transgenic
Drosophila
model of tauopathy induced by human tau
R406W
using GAL4/UAS system and effects of ALA (0.001, 0.005, and 0.025 % w/w of diet) on the neuropathology of tau in younger (20 days) and older (30 days) adults were investigated via biochemical, molecular, behavioral and
in-situ
tissue analyses. Expression of apoptosis-related proteins involving
Drosophila
Cyt-c-d (trigger of intrinsic apoptosis) and DrICE (effector caspase) were upregulated in both ages (20 and 30 days) and DIAP1 (caspase inhibitor) has reduced only in older model flies compared to the controls. Remarkably, all doses of ALA increased DIAP1 and glutathione (GSH) as well as reducing Cyt-c-d and lipid peroxidation (LPO) in the younger flies compared to the model flies. Moreover, the higher doses of ALA were able to decrease thiol concentrations, to increase total antioxidant capacity, and to improve the behavioral deficits (locomotor function, olfactory memory, and ethanol sensitivity) in the younger flies. On the other hand, only a higher dose of ALA was able to decrease DrICE, Cyt-c-d, LPO, and thiol as well as increasing antioxidant capacity and decreasing ethanol sensitivity (ST50, RT50) in the older flies. TUNEL assay showed that all doses of ALA could potentially increase the DIAP1/DrICE ratio and exert anti-apoptotic effects on younger, but not on the older adults. Furthermore, data obtained from the
in-situ
ROS assay confirmed that only a higher dose of ALA significantly decreased the ROS level at both ages. Our data showed that an effective neuroprotective dose of ALA and its mechanism of action on this model of tauopathy could potentially be influenced by longevity. Moreover, it was shown that ALA prevents apoptosis and decreases the redox homeostasis, and this partially explains the mechanism by which ALA diminishes behavioral deficits.
Graphical abstract |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s11011-021-00679-7 |
| format | Article |
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Drosophila
model of tauopathy induced by human tau
R406W
using GAL4/UAS system and effects of ALA (0.001, 0.005, and 0.025 % w/w of diet) on the neuropathology of tau in younger (20 days) and older (30 days) adults were investigated via biochemical, molecular, behavioral and
in-situ
tissue analyses. Expression of apoptosis-related proteins involving
Drosophila
Cyt-c-d (trigger of intrinsic apoptosis) and DrICE (effector caspase) were upregulated in both ages (20 and 30 days) and DIAP1 (caspase inhibitor) has reduced only in older model flies compared to the controls. Remarkably, all doses of ALA increased DIAP1 and glutathione (GSH) as well as reducing Cyt-c-d and lipid peroxidation (LPO) in the younger flies compared to the model flies. Moreover, the higher doses of ALA were able to decrease thiol concentrations, to increase total antioxidant capacity, and to improve the behavioral deficits (locomotor function, olfactory memory, and ethanol sensitivity) in the younger flies. On the other hand, only a higher dose of ALA was able to decrease DrICE, Cyt-c-d, LPO, and thiol as well as increasing antioxidant capacity and decreasing ethanol sensitivity (ST50, RT50) in the older flies. TUNEL assay showed that all doses of ALA could potentially increase the DIAP1/DrICE ratio and exert anti-apoptotic effects on younger, but not on the older adults. Furthermore, data obtained from the
in-situ
ROS assay confirmed that only a higher dose of ALA significantly decreased the ROS level at both ages. Our data showed that an effective neuroprotective dose of ALA and its mechanism of action on this model of tauopathy could potentially be influenced by longevity. Moreover, it was shown that ALA prevents apoptosis and decreases the redox homeostasis, and this partially explains the mechanism by which ALA diminishes behavioral deficits.
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Drosophila
model of tauopathy induced by human tau
R406W
using GAL4/UAS system and effects of ALA (0.001, 0.005, and 0.025 % w/w of diet) on the neuropathology of tau in younger (20 days) and older (30 days) adults were investigated via biochemical, molecular, behavioral and
in-situ
tissue analyses. Expression of apoptosis-related proteins involving
Drosophila
Cyt-c-d (trigger of intrinsic apoptosis) and DrICE (effector caspase) were upregulated in both ages (20 and 30 days) and DIAP1 (caspase inhibitor) has reduced only in older model flies compared to the controls. Remarkably, all doses of ALA increased DIAP1 and glutathione (GSH) as well as reducing Cyt-c-d and lipid peroxidation (LPO) in the younger flies compared to the model flies. Moreover, the higher doses of ALA were able to decrease thiol concentrations, to increase total antioxidant capacity, and to improve the behavioral deficits (locomotor function, olfactory memory, and ethanol sensitivity) in the younger flies. On the other hand, only a higher dose of ALA was able to decrease DrICE, Cyt-c-d, LPO, and thiol as well as increasing antioxidant capacity and decreasing ethanol sensitivity (ST50, RT50) in the older flies. TUNEL assay showed that all doses of ALA could potentially increase the DIAP1/DrICE ratio and exert anti-apoptotic effects on younger, but not on the older adults. Furthermore, data obtained from the
in-situ
ROS assay confirmed that only a higher dose of ALA significantly decreased the ROS level at both ages. Our data showed that an effective neuroprotective dose of ALA and its mechanism of action on this model of tauopathy could potentially be influenced by longevity. Moreover, it was shown that ALA prevents apoptosis and decreases the redox homeostasis, and this partially explains the mechanism by which ALA diminishes behavioral deficits.
Graphical abstract</description><subject>Adults</subject><subject>Antioxidants</subject><subject>Apoptosis</subject><subject>Biochemistry</subject><subject>Biomedical and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Biomedicine</subject><subject>Caspase</subject><subject>Caspase inhibitors</subject><subject>Disturbances</subject><subject>Drosophila</subject><subject>Ethanol</subject><subject>Flies</subject><subject>Fruit flies</subject><subject>Glutathione</subject><subject>Homeostasis</subject><subject>Insects</subject><subject>Lipid peroxidation</subject><subject>Lipids</subject><subject>Lipoic acid</subject><subject>Metabolic Diseases</subject><subject>Neurodegenerative diseases</subject><subject>Neurology</subject><subject>Neuroprotection</subject><subject>Neurosciences</subject><subject>Older people</subject><subject>Olfaction</subject><subject>Oncology</subject><subject>Original Article</subject><subject>Oxidative stress</subject><subject>Peroxidation</subject><subject>Sensitivity</subject><subject>Tau protein</subject><subject>Tissue analysis</subject><issn>0885-7490</issn><issn>1573-7365</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kUFu1DAUhq0K1A4tF2CBLLFhQagdx3HMbjQtMFIlWJR15NjPE1dJHGynanccgUNxEk6Cp1NAYsHCepb8ve_Z_hF6QclbSog4j5QSSgtS5kVqIQtxhFaUC1YIVvMnaEWahheikuQEPYvxhhDCOJXH6IQxXgkp-Qr9WA9zr35--z642TuNlXYGqxEG54NKEHFSi59V6u8z4yazaDDY3zmjkrsFHFOAGN9gNfs5-ej228ngDnp1uzcM2IB12qUs6oNfdn2ugDs1qEkD9hZfbNef6flF2G4ucZ7o_IMggPF3uPcj-JhU9r7D6x1gF7HKxgRhdJOaErZKJx_O0FOrhgjPH-sp-vL-8nrzsbj69GG7WV8Vmgmeii7_R6WFZQ3vWEXAEEkZox2vNNeygdrUpNOiLC10rGZKVYRIC9SYpuSssuwUvT545-C_LhBTO7qoYciPAb_EtqwaQXldyyajr_5Bb_wSpny7TEkmCGVSZKo8UDr4GAPYdg5uVOG-paTdZ9weMm5zxu1Dxu2-6eWjeulGMH9afoeaAXYAYj6adhD-zv6P9hetrLZ9</recordid><startdate>20210401</startdate><enddate>20210401</enddate><creator>Zarini-Gakiye, Elahe</creator><creator>Sanadgol, Nima</creator><creator>Parivar, Kazem</creator><creator>Vaezi, Gholamhassan</creator><general>Springer US</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88G</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2M</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PSYQQ</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4509-5336</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20210401</creationdate><title>Alpha‐lipoic acid ameliorates tauopathy‐induced oxidative stress, apoptosis, and behavioral deficits through the balance of DIAP1/DrICE ratio and redox homeostasis: Age is a determinant factor</title><author>Zarini-Gakiye, Elahe ; 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A disulfide natural compound of Alpha-Lipoic acid (ALA) has shown numerous pharmacologic, antioxidant, and neuroprotective activities under neuropathological conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate the neuroprotective effects of ALA on the tauopathy-induced oxidative disturbance and behavioral deficits. The transgenic
Drosophila
model of tauopathy induced by human tau
R406W
using GAL4/UAS system and effects of ALA (0.001, 0.005, and 0.025 % w/w of diet) on the neuropathology of tau in younger (20 days) and older (30 days) adults were investigated via biochemical, molecular, behavioral and
in-situ
tissue analyses. Expression of apoptosis-related proteins involving
Drosophila
Cyt-c-d (trigger of intrinsic apoptosis) and DrICE (effector caspase) were upregulated in both ages (20 and 30 days) and DIAP1 (caspase inhibitor) has reduced only in older model flies compared to the controls. Remarkably, all doses of ALA increased DIAP1 and glutathione (GSH) as well as reducing Cyt-c-d and lipid peroxidation (LPO) in the younger flies compared to the model flies. Moreover, the higher doses of ALA were able to decrease thiol concentrations, to increase total antioxidant capacity, and to improve the behavioral deficits (locomotor function, olfactory memory, and ethanol sensitivity) in the younger flies. On the other hand, only a higher dose of ALA was able to decrease DrICE, Cyt-c-d, LPO, and thiol as well as increasing antioxidant capacity and decreasing ethanol sensitivity (ST50, RT50) in the older flies. TUNEL assay showed that all doses of ALA could potentially increase the DIAP1/DrICE ratio and exert anti-apoptotic effects on younger, but not on the older adults. Furthermore, data obtained from the
in-situ
ROS assay confirmed that only a higher dose of ALA significantly decreased the ROS level at both ages. Our data showed that an effective neuroprotective dose of ALA and its mechanism of action on this model of tauopathy could potentially be influenced by longevity. Moreover, it was shown that ALA prevents apoptosis and decreases the redox homeostasis, and this partially explains the mechanism by which ALA diminishes behavioral deficits.
Graphical abstract</abstract><cop>New York</cop><pub>Springer US</pub><pmid>33547995</pmid><doi>10.1007/s11011-021-00679-7</doi><tpages>15</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4509-5336</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adults Antioxidants Apoptosis Biochemistry Biomedical and Life Sciences Biomedicine Caspase Caspase inhibitors Disturbances Drosophila Ethanol Flies Fruit flies Glutathione Homeostasis Insects Lipid peroxidation Lipids Lipoic acid Metabolic Diseases Neurodegenerative diseases Neurology Neuroprotection Neurosciences Older people Olfaction Oncology Original Article Oxidative stress Peroxidation Sensitivity Tau protein Tissue analysis |
| title | Alpha‐lipoic acid ameliorates tauopathy‐induced oxidative stress, apoptosis, and behavioral deficits through the balance of DIAP1/DrICE ratio and redox homeostasis: Age is a determinant factor |
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