Enhanced Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Potentials of Lipopolysaccharides-Injected Musca domestica Larvae
The usage of insects as a sustainable and functional natural products resource is a new promise in complementary and alternative medicine. The present study aimed to investigate the ability of Musca domestica (housefly) larval hemolymph (insect blood) to display the enhanced in vitro antioxidant and...
Gespeichert in:
| Veröffentlicht in: | Pharmaceutics 2020-11, Vol.12 (11), p.1111, Article 1111 |
|---|---|
| Hauptverfasser: | , , , , , |
| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | eng |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| container_end_page | |
|---|---|
| container_issue | 11 |
| container_start_page | 1111 |
| container_title | Pharmaceutics |
| container_volume | 12 |
| creator | El-Garawani, Islam El-Seedi, Hesham Khalifa, Shaden El Azab, Islam H. Abouhendia, Marwa Mahmoud, Shaymaa |
| description | The usage of insects as a sustainable and functional natural products resource is a new promise in complementary and alternative medicine. The present study aimed to investigate the ability of Musca domestica (housefly) larval hemolymph (insect blood) to display the enhanced in vitro antioxidant and cytotoxic effects. The oxidative stress (OS) was elicited by inducing lipopolysaccharides (LPS) treatment as an exogenous stressor. Determination of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and mRNA and protein expressions of SOD1, was investigated as confirmatory markers of oxidative stress induction. Cytotoxicity on cancerous MCF-7 and normal Vero cells were also evaluated using an MTT assay at 24 h post-injection. The injection of LPS induced a significant (p < 0.05) increase in SOD, GSH and TAC, whereas, the MDA was diminished. Hemolymph was collected from normal and treated larvae after 6, 12 and 24 h. The M. domestica superoxide dismutase (MdSOD1) transcripts were significantly (p < 0.05) upregulated 6 and 12 h post-treatment, while a significant downregulation was observed after 24 h. Western blot analysis showed that MdSOD1 was expressed in the hemolymph of the treated larvae with an increase of 1.2 folds at 6 and 12 h and 1.6 folds at 24 h relative to the control group. LPS-treated larval hemolymphs exhibited significant cytotoxicity with respect to the untreated ones against MCF-7 while Vero cells showed no cytotoxicity for both hemolymphs. The DPPH free radical scavenging activity was examined and a significant antioxidant potential potency was observed at 6 h (50% maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50): 63.3 +/- 3.51 mu g/mL) when compared to the control M. domestica larval hemolymph (IC50: 611.7 +/- 10.41 mu g/mL). Taken together, M. domestica larval hemolymph exhibited enhanced antioxidant and consequently increased cytotoxic capacities under stressed conditions. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/pharmaceutics12111111 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2464150239</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><doaj_id>oai_doaj_org_article_270f15daa9d14fc4af21ef3d1d9a2544</doaj_id><sourcerecordid>2463780659</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c519t-5522e114d0f3eb014846a3f6135b31e6a9593d4503b7862ff3b6c6547a04e5153</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqNkk2LE0EQhgdR3GXdnyAMeBE02p8z0xchxFUDET2o16amPzYdJt2xe2bX_HsrybK44sG6dFP1vg9F8VbVc0recK7I290a8haMm8ZgCmX0WI-qc6qUmgnF-OM__mfVZSkbgsU57bh6Wp1xzliruu68sldxDdE4W8_jGNKvYCGONURbL_ZjGrFh6q9pdDiEodTJ16uwS7s07AsYg2sE68psGTfOjAj5PBUDtU1bV3A1qFeQb8A9q554dLvLu_ei-v7h6tvi02z15eNyMV_NjKRqnEnJmKNUWOK56wkVnWiA-4Zy2XPqGlBScSsk4X3bNcx73jemkaIFIpykkl9UyxPXJtjoXQ5byHudIOhjI-VrDRn3GpxmLfFUWgBlqfBGgGfUeW6pVcCkEMh6fWKVW7eb-ge09-HH_Egrk6adEoyj_N1JjtqtswYPlmF44Ho4iWGtr9ONbhulqGgQ8PIOkNPPCc-nt6EYNwwQXZqKZqIRVBLGFUpf_CXdpClHvOxBxduONPKgkieVyamU7Pz9MpToQ4r0P1OEvu7ku3V98sUEh_G492KKkN1y1h0CRRdhBIxNXKQpjmh99f9W_huY196Y</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Website</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2463780659</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Enhanced Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Potentials of Lipopolysaccharides-Injected Musca domestica Larvae</title><source>MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute</source><source>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</source><source>Web of Science - Science Citation Index Expanded - 2020<img src="https://exlibris-pub.s3.amazonaws.com/fromwos-v2.jpg" /></source><source>Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals</source><source>PubMed Central</source><source>SWEPUB Freely available online</source><source>Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry</source><source>PubMed Central Open Access</source><creator>El-Garawani, Islam ; El-Seedi, Hesham ; Khalifa, Shaden ; El Azab, Islam H. ; Abouhendia, Marwa ; Mahmoud, Shaymaa</creator><creatorcontrib>El-Garawani, Islam ; El-Seedi, Hesham ; Khalifa, Shaden ; El Azab, Islam H. ; Abouhendia, Marwa ; Mahmoud, Shaymaa</creatorcontrib><description>The usage of insects as a sustainable and functional natural products resource is a new promise in complementary and alternative medicine. The present study aimed to investigate the ability of Musca domestica (housefly) larval hemolymph (insect blood) to display the enhanced in vitro antioxidant and cytotoxic effects. The oxidative stress (OS) was elicited by inducing lipopolysaccharides (LPS) treatment as an exogenous stressor. Determination of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and mRNA and protein expressions of SOD1, was investigated as confirmatory markers of oxidative stress induction. Cytotoxicity on cancerous MCF-7 and normal Vero cells were also evaluated using an MTT assay at 24 h post-injection. The injection of LPS induced a significant (p < 0.05) increase in SOD, GSH and TAC, whereas, the MDA was diminished. Hemolymph was collected from normal and treated larvae after 6, 12 and 24 h. The M. domestica superoxide dismutase (MdSOD1) transcripts were significantly (p < 0.05) upregulated 6 and 12 h post-treatment, while a significant downregulation was observed after 24 h. Western blot analysis showed that MdSOD1 was expressed in the hemolymph of the treated larvae with an increase of 1.2 folds at 6 and 12 h and 1.6 folds at 24 h relative to the control group. LPS-treated larval hemolymphs exhibited significant cytotoxicity with respect to the untreated ones against MCF-7 while Vero cells showed no cytotoxicity for both hemolymphs. The DPPH free radical scavenging activity was examined and a significant antioxidant potential potency was observed at 6 h (50% maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50): 63.3 +/- 3.51 mu g/mL) when compared to the control M. domestica larval hemolymph (IC50: 611.7 +/- 10.41 mu g/mL). Taken together, M. domestica larval hemolymph exhibited enhanced antioxidant and consequently increased cytotoxic capacities under stressed conditions.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1999-4923</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1999-4923</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12111111</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33227988</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>BASEL: Mdpi</publisher><subject>Antibodies ; antioxidant ; Antioxidants ; Cancer ; cytotoxicity ; Diabetes ; domestica larva ; Enzymes ; glutathione ; hemolymph ; Insects ; Life Sciences & Biomedicine ; lipopolysaccharides ; M. domestica larva ; malondialdehyde ; Medical research ; Molecular weight ; Oxidative stress ; Peptides ; Pharmacology & Pharmacy ; Proteins ; Science & Technology ; superoxide dismutase 1 ; Tropical diseases</subject><ispartof>Pharmaceutics, 2020-11, Vol.12 (11), p.1111, Article 1111</ispartof><rights>2020. This work is licensed under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2020 by the authors. 2020</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>true</woscitedreferencessubscribed><woscitedreferencescount>12</woscitedreferencescount><woscitedreferencesoriginalsourcerecordid>wos000593732800001</woscitedreferencesoriginalsourcerecordid><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c519t-5522e114d0f3eb014846a3f6135b31e6a9593d4503b7862ff3b6c6547a04e5153</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c519t-5522e114d0f3eb014846a3f6135b31e6a9593d4503b7862ff3b6c6547a04e5153</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-7241-4910 ; 0000-0003-1548-1102 ; 0000-0001-5497-6429</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7699146/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7699146/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,315,554,729,782,786,866,887,2106,2118,27933,27934,28257,53800,53802</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-189423$$DView record from Swedish Publication Index$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>El-Garawani, Islam</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>El-Seedi, Hesham</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Khalifa, Shaden</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>El Azab, Islam H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abouhendia, Marwa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mahmoud, Shaymaa</creatorcontrib><title>Enhanced Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Potentials of Lipopolysaccharides-Injected Musca domestica Larvae</title><title>Pharmaceutics</title><addtitle>PHARMACEUTICS</addtitle><description>The usage of insects as a sustainable and functional natural products resource is a new promise in complementary and alternative medicine. The present study aimed to investigate the ability of Musca domestica (housefly) larval hemolymph (insect blood) to display the enhanced in vitro antioxidant and cytotoxic effects. The oxidative stress (OS) was elicited by inducing lipopolysaccharides (LPS) treatment as an exogenous stressor. Determination of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and mRNA and protein expressions of SOD1, was investigated as confirmatory markers of oxidative stress induction. Cytotoxicity on cancerous MCF-7 and normal Vero cells were also evaluated using an MTT assay at 24 h post-injection. The injection of LPS induced a significant (p < 0.05) increase in SOD, GSH and TAC, whereas, the MDA was diminished. Hemolymph was collected from normal and treated larvae after 6, 12 and 24 h. The M. domestica superoxide dismutase (MdSOD1) transcripts were significantly (p < 0.05) upregulated 6 and 12 h post-treatment, while a significant downregulation was observed after 24 h. Western blot analysis showed that MdSOD1 was expressed in the hemolymph of the treated larvae with an increase of 1.2 folds at 6 and 12 h and 1.6 folds at 24 h relative to the control group. LPS-treated larval hemolymphs exhibited significant cytotoxicity with respect to the untreated ones against MCF-7 while Vero cells showed no cytotoxicity for both hemolymphs. The DPPH free radical scavenging activity was examined and a significant antioxidant potential potency was observed at 6 h (50% maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50): 63.3 +/- 3.51 mu g/mL) when compared to the control M. domestica larval hemolymph (IC50: 611.7 +/- 10.41 mu g/mL). Taken together, M. domestica larval hemolymph exhibited enhanced antioxidant and consequently increased cytotoxic capacities under stressed conditions.</description><subject>Antibodies</subject><subject>antioxidant</subject><subject>Antioxidants</subject><subject>Cancer</subject><subject>cytotoxicity</subject><subject>Diabetes</subject><subject>domestica larva</subject><subject>Enzymes</subject><subject>glutathione</subject><subject>hemolymph</subject><subject>Insects</subject><subject>Life Sciences & Biomedicine</subject><subject>lipopolysaccharides</subject><subject>M. domestica larva</subject><subject>malondialdehyde</subject><subject>Medical research</subject><subject>Molecular weight</subject><subject>Oxidative stress</subject><subject>Peptides</subject><subject>Pharmacology & Pharmacy</subject><subject>Proteins</subject><subject>Science & Technology</subject><subject>superoxide dismutase 1</subject><subject>Tropical diseases</subject><issn>1999-4923</issn><issn>1999-4923</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>AOWDO</sourceid><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><sourceid>D8T</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkk2LE0EQhgdR3GXdnyAMeBE02p8z0xchxFUDET2o16amPzYdJt2xe2bX_HsrybK44sG6dFP1vg9F8VbVc0recK7I290a8haMm8ZgCmX0WI-qc6qUmgnF-OM__mfVZSkbgsU57bh6Wp1xzliruu68sldxDdE4W8_jGNKvYCGONURbL_ZjGrFh6q9pdDiEodTJ16uwS7s07AsYg2sE68psGTfOjAj5PBUDtU1bV3A1qFeQb8A9q554dLvLu_ei-v7h6tvi02z15eNyMV_NjKRqnEnJmKNUWOK56wkVnWiA-4Zy2XPqGlBScSsk4X3bNcx73jemkaIFIpykkl9UyxPXJtjoXQ5byHudIOhjI-VrDRn3GpxmLfFUWgBlqfBGgGfUeW6pVcCkEMh6fWKVW7eb-ge09-HH_Egrk6adEoyj_N1JjtqtswYPlmF44Ho4iWGtr9ONbhulqGgQ8PIOkNPPCc-nt6EYNwwQXZqKZqIRVBLGFUpf_CXdpClHvOxBxduONPKgkieVyamU7Pz9MpToQ4r0P1OEvu7ku3V98sUEh_G492KKkN1y1h0CRRdhBIxNXKQpjmh99f9W_huY196Y</recordid><startdate>20201119</startdate><enddate>20201119</enddate><creator>El-Garawani, Islam</creator><creator>El-Seedi, Hesham</creator><creator>Khalifa, Shaden</creator><creator>El Azab, Islam H.</creator><creator>Abouhendia, Marwa</creator><creator>Mahmoud, Shaymaa</creator><general>Mdpi</general><general>MDPI AG</general><general>MDPI</general><scope>AOWDO</scope><scope>BLEPL</scope><scope>DTL</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>ABAVF</scope><scope>ADTPV</scope><scope>AOWAS</scope><scope>D8T</scope><scope>DG7</scope><scope>ZZAVC</scope><scope>DOA</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7241-4910</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1548-1102</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5497-6429</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20201119</creationdate><title>Enhanced Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Potentials of Lipopolysaccharides-Injected Musca domestica Larvae</title><author>El-Garawani, Islam ; El-Seedi, Hesham ; Khalifa, Shaden ; El Azab, Islam H. ; Abouhendia, Marwa ; Mahmoud, Shaymaa</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c519t-5522e114d0f3eb014846a3f6135b31e6a9593d4503b7862ff3b6c6547a04e5153</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Antibodies</topic><topic>antioxidant</topic><topic>Antioxidants</topic><topic>Cancer</topic><topic>cytotoxicity</topic><topic>Diabetes</topic><topic>domestica larva</topic><topic>Enzymes</topic><topic>glutathione</topic><topic>hemolymph</topic><topic>Insects</topic><topic>Life Sciences & Biomedicine</topic><topic>lipopolysaccharides</topic><topic>M. domestica larva</topic><topic>malondialdehyde</topic><topic>Medical research</topic><topic>Molecular weight</topic><topic>Oxidative stress</topic><topic>Peptides</topic><topic>Pharmacology & Pharmacy</topic><topic>Proteins</topic><topic>Science & Technology</topic><topic>superoxide dismutase 1</topic><topic>Tropical diseases</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>El-Garawani, Islam</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>El-Seedi, Hesham</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Khalifa, Shaden</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>El Azab, Islam H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abouhendia, Marwa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mahmoud, Shaymaa</creatorcontrib><collection>Web of Science - Science Citation Index Expanded - 2020</collection><collection>Web of Science Core Collection</collection><collection>Science Citation Index Expanded</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Research Library (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>Research Library</collection><collection>Research Library (Corporate)</collection><collection>Access via ProQuest (Open Access)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>SWEPUB Stockholms universitet full text</collection><collection>SwePub</collection><collection>SwePub Articles</collection><collection>SWEPUB Freely available online</collection><collection>SWEPUB Stockholms universitet</collection><collection>SwePub Articles full text</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>Pharmaceutics</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>El-Garawani, Islam</au><au>El-Seedi, Hesham</au><au>Khalifa, Shaden</au><au>El Azab, Islam H.</au><au>Abouhendia, Marwa</au><au>Mahmoud, Shaymaa</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Enhanced Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Potentials of Lipopolysaccharides-Injected Musca domestica Larvae</atitle><jtitle>Pharmaceutics</jtitle><stitle>PHARMACEUTICS</stitle><date>2020-11-19</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>12</volume><issue>11</issue><spage>1111</spage><pages>1111-</pages><artnum>1111</artnum><issn>1999-4923</issn><eissn>1999-4923</eissn><abstract>The usage of insects as a sustainable and functional natural products resource is a new promise in complementary and alternative medicine. The present study aimed to investigate the ability of Musca domestica (housefly) larval hemolymph (insect blood) to display the enhanced in vitro antioxidant and cytotoxic effects. The oxidative stress (OS) was elicited by inducing lipopolysaccharides (LPS) treatment as an exogenous stressor. Determination of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and mRNA and protein expressions of SOD1, was investigated as confirmatory markers of oxidative stress induction. Cytotoxicity on cancerous MCF-7 and normal Vero cells were also evaluated using an MTT assay at 24 h post-injection. The injection of LPS induced a significant (p < 0.05) increase in SOD, GSH and TAC, whereas, the MDA was diminished. Hemolymph was collected from normal and treated larvae after 6, 12 and 24 h. The M. domestica superoxide dismutase (MdSOD1) transcripts were significantly (p < 0.05) upregulated 6 and 12 h post-treatment, while a significant downregulation was observed after 24 h. Western blot analysis showed that MdSOD1 was expressed in the hemolymph of the treated larvae with an increase of 1.2 folds at 6 and 12 h and 1.6 folds at 24 h relative to the control group. LPS-treated larval hemolymphs exhibited significant cytotoxicity with respect to the untreated ones against MCF-7 while Vero cells showed no cytotoxicity for both hemolymphs. The DPPH free radical scavenging activity was examined and a significant antioxidant potential potency was observed at 6 h (50% maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50): 63.3 +/- 3.51 mu g/mL) when compared to the control M. domestica larval hemolymph (IC50: 611.7 +/- 10.41 mu g/mL). Taken together, M. domestica larval hemolymph exhibited enhanced antioxidant and consequently increased cytotoxic capacities under stressed conditions.</abstract><cop>BASEL</cop><pub>Mdpi</pub><pmid>33227988</pmid><doi>10.3390/pharmaceutics12111111</doi><tpages>15</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7241-4910</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1548-1102</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5497-6429</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1999-4923 |
| ispartof | Pharmaceutics, 2020-11, Vol.12 (11), p.1111, Article 1111 |
| issn | 1999-4923 1999-4923 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2464150239 |
| source | MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Web of Science - Science Citation Index Expanded - 2020<img src="https://exlibris-pub.s3.amazonaws.com/fromwos-v2.jpg" />; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central; SWEPUB Freely available online; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry; PubMed Central Open Access |
| subjects | Antibodies antioxidant Antioxidants Cancer cytotoxicity Diabetes domestica larva Enzymes glutathione hemolymph Insects Life Sciences & Biomedicine lipopolysaccharides M. domestica larva malondialdehyde Medical research Molecular weight Oxidative stress Peptides Pharmacology & Pharmacy Proteins Science & Technology superoxide dismutase 1 Tropical diseases |
| title | Enhanced Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Potentials of Lipopolysaccharides-Injected Musca domestica Larvae |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-01T00%3A01%3A03IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_pubme&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Enhanced%20Antioxidant%20and%20Cytotoxic%20Potentials%20of%20Lipopolysaccharides-Injected%20Musca%20domestica%20Larvae&rft.jtitle=Pharmaceutics&rft.au=El-Garawani,%20Islam&rft.date=2020-11-19&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1111&rft.pages=1111-&rft.artnum=1111&rft.issn=1999-4923&rft.eissn=1999-4923&rft_id=info:doi/10.3390/pharmaceutics12111111&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_pubme%3E2463780659%3C/proquest_pubme%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2463780659&rft_id=info:pmid/33227988&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_270f15daa9d14fc4af21ef3d1d9a2544&rfr_iscdi=true |