Evaluation and Treatment of Amiodarone-Induced Thyroid Disorders
Abstract Amiodarone is a class III antiarrhythmic drug containing 37% iodine by weight, with a structure similar to that of thyroid hormones. Deiodination of amiodarone releases large amounts of iodine that can impair thyroid function, causing either hypothyroidism or thyrotoxicosis in susceptible i...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | The journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2021-01, Vol.106 (1), p.226-236 |
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| container_title | The journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism |
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| creator | Ylli, Dorina Wartofsky, Leonard Burman, Kenneth D |
| description | Abstract
Amiodarone is a class III antiarrhythmic drug containing 37% iodine by weight, with a structure similar to that of thyroid hormones. Deiodination of amiodarone releases large amounts of iodine that can impair thyroid function, causing either hypothyroidism or thyrotoxicosis in susceptible individuals reflecting ~20% of patients administered the drug. Not only the excess iodine, but also the amiodarone (or its metabolite, desethylamiodarone) itself may cause thyroid dysfunction by direct cytotoxicity on thyroid cells. We present an overview of the epidemiology and pathophysiology of amiodarone-induced thyroid disorders, with a focus on the various forms of clinical presentation and recommendations for personalized management of each form. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1210/clinem/dgaa686 |
| format | Article |
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Amiodarone is a class III antiarrhythmic drug containing 37% iodine by weight, with a structure similar to that of thyroid hormones. Deiodination of amiodarone releases large amounts of iodine that can impair thyroid function, causing either hypothyroidism or thyrotoxicosis in susceptible individuals reflecting ~20% of patients administered the drug. Not only the excess iodine, but also the amiodarone (or its metabolite, desethylamiodarone) itself may cause thyroid dysfunction by direct cytotoxicity on thyroid cells. We present an overview of the epidemiology and pathophysiology of amiodarone-induced thyroid disorders, with a focus on the various forms of clinical presentation and recommendations for personalized management of each form.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0021-972X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1945-7197</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa686</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33159436</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>US: Oxford University Press</publisher><subject>Amiodarone ; Care and treatment ; Cytotoxicity ; Epidemiology ; Hypothyroidism ; Iodine ; Thyroid diseases ; Thyroid gland ; Thyroid hormones ; Thyrotoxicosis</subject><ispartof>The journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2021-01, Vol.106 (1), p.226-236</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Endocrine Society. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com 2020</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Endocrine Society. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2021 Oxford University Press</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Endocrine Society. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c530t-9c311b29e7e3356bae8d0f9f157a388985b5eaab6daea068113a007b3bbf3d0a3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c530t-9c311b29e7e3356bae8d0f9f157a388985b5eaab6daea068113a007b3bbf3d0a3</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-8597-7213</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27922,27923</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33159436$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Ylli, Dorina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wartofsky, Leonard</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Burman, Kenneth D</creatorcontrib><title>Evaluation and Treatment of Amiodarone-Induced Thyroid Disorders</title><title>The journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</title><addtitle>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</addtitle><description>Abstract
Amiodarone is a class III antiarrhythmic drug containing 37% iodine by weight, with a structure similar to that of thyroid hormones. Deiodination of amiodarone releases large amounts of iodine that can impair thyroid function, causing either hypothyroidism or thyrotoxicosis in susceptible individuals reflecting ~20% of patients administered the drug. Not only the excess iodine, but also the amiodarone (or its metabolite, desethylamiodarone) itself may cause thyroid dysfunction by direct cytotoxicity on thyroid cells. We present an overview of the epidemiology and pathophysiology of amiodarone-induced thyroid disorders, with a focus on the various forms of clinical presentation and recommendations for personalized management of each form.</description><subject>Amiodarone</subject><subject>Care and treatment</subject><subject>Cytotoxicity</subject><subject>Epidemiology</subject><subject>Hypothyroidism</subject><subject>Iodine</subject><subject>Thyroid diseases</subject><subject>Thyroid gland</subject><subject>Thyroid hormones</subject><subject>Thyrotoxicosis</subject><issn>0021-972X</issn><issn>1945-7197</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqFkcFrFTEQxoMo9vn06lEWvOhh20my2WxuPmrVQsFLBW9hdjNbU3aTZ7Jb6H9vynsqSEHmMDDzm4-P-Rh7zeGUCw5nw-QDzWfuBrHt2idsw02jas2Nfso2AILXRovvJ-xFzrcAvGmUfM5OpOTKNLLdsA8XdzituPgYKgyuuk6Ey0xhqeJY7WYfHaYYqL4Mbh2o7H_cp-hd9dHnmByl_JI9G3HK9OrYt-zbp4vr8y_11dfPl-e7q3pQEpbaDJLzXhjSJKVqe6TOwWhGrjTKrjOd6hUh9q1DQmg7ziUC6F72_SgdoNyydwfdfYo_V8qLnX0eaJowUFyzFY3qtJAKmoK-_Qe9jWsKxZ0VRrVcggL9l7rBiawPY1wSDg-idqdBiEY0RW_LTh-hSjma_VA-M_oyf-xgSDHnRKPdJz9jurcc7ENk9hCZPUZWDt4c3a79TO4P_jujArw_AHHd_0_sFw-On7k</recordid><startdate>20210101</startdate><enddate>20210101</enddate><creator>Ylli, Dorina</creator><creator>Wartofsky, Leonard</creator><creator>Burman, Kenneth D</creator><general>Oxford University Press</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8597-7213</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20210101</creationdate><title>Evaluation and Treatment of Amiodarone-Induced Thyroid Disorders</title><author>Ylli, Dorina ; Wartofsky, Leonard ; Burman, Kenneth D</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c530t-9c311b29e7e3356bae8d0f9f157a388985b5eaab6daea068113a007b3bbf3d0a3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Amiodarone</topic><topic>Care and treatment</topic><topic>Cytotoxicity</topic><topic>Epidemiology</topic><topic>Hypothyroidism</topic><topic>Iodine</topic><topic>Thyroid diseases</topic><topic>Thyroid gland</topic><topic>Thyroid hormones</topic><topic>Thyrotoxicosis</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Ylli, Dorina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wartofsky, Leonard</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Burman, Kenneth D</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>The journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Ylli, Dorina</au><au>Wartofsky, Leonard</au><au>Burman, Kenneth D</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Evaluation and Treatment of Amiodarone-Induced Thyroid Disorders</atitle><jtitle>The journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</jtitle><addtitle>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</addtitle><date>2021-01-01</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>106</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>226</spage><epage>236</epage><pages>226-236</pages><issn>0021-972X</issn><eissn>1945-7197</eissn><abstract>Abstract
Amiodarone is a class III antiarrhythmic drug containing 37% iodine by weight, with a structure similar to that of thyroid hormones. Deiodination of amiodarone releases large amounts of iodine that can impair thyroid function, causing either hypothyroidism or thyrotoxicosis in susceptible individuals reflecting ~20% of patients administered the drug. Not only the excess iodine, but also the amiodarone (or its metabolite, desethylamiodarone) itself may cause thyroid dysfunction by direct cytotoxicity on thyroid cells. We present an overview of the epidemiology and pathophysiology of amiodarone-induced thyroid disorders, with a focus on the various forms of clinical presentation and recommendations for personalized management of each form.</abstract><cop>US</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><pmid>33159436</pmid><doi>10.1210/clinem/dgaa686</doi><tpages>11</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8597-7213</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| language | eng |
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| source | Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current); EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | Amiodarone Care and treatment Cytotoxicity Epidemiology Hypothyroidism Iodine Thyroid diseases Thyroid gland Thyroid hormones Thyrotoxicosis |
| title | Evaluation and Treatment of Amiodarone-Induced Thyroid Disorders |
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