Niche specificity influences gene flow across fine‐scale habitat mosaics in Succulent Karoo plants
While the tempo of diversification in biodiversity hotspots has received much attention, the spatial scale of diversification has often been overlooked. Addressing this deficiency requires understanding the drivers of population divergence and the spatial scales at which they operate in species‐rich...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Molecular ecology 2021-01, Vol.30 (1), p.175-192 |
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| container_title | Molecular ecology |
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| creator | Musker, Seth D. Ellis, Allan G. Schlebusch, Stephen A. Verboom, G. Anthony |
| description | While the tempo of diversification in biodiversity hotspots has received much attention, the spatial scale of diversification has often been overlooked. Addressing this deficiency requires understanding the drivers of population divergence and the spatial scales at which they operate in species‐rich clades and ecosystems. South Africa's Succulent Karoo (SK) hotspot provides an excellent system for such research, being both compact (ca. 110,000 km2) and home to spectacular in‐situ radiations, such as the ruschioid Aizoaceae. Here we use GBS to document genetic structure in two co‐occurring ruschioid species, at both coarse (>10 km) and fine ( |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/mec.15721 |
| format | Article |
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Where Ruschia burtoniae shows strong between‐population genetic differentiation and no gene flow, Conophytum calculus shows weak differentiation, with high levels of admixture suggesting recent or ongoing gene flow. Community analysis and transplant experiments reveal that R. burtoniae occupies a narrow, low‐pH edaphic niche, and at scales of a few hundred metres, areas of elevated genetic turnover correspond to patches of edaphically unsuitable habitat. In contrast, C. calculus occupies a broader niche and exhibits isolation‐by‐distance without a habitat effect. We suggest that edaphic specialisation, coupled with highly restricted seed and pollen dispersal in heterogeneous landscapes, has played a major role in driving rapid diversification at small spatial scales in this system. However, the contrasting patterns in our study species show that these factors do not influence all organisms uniformly, being strongly modulated by lineage‐specific traits that influence both the spatial scale of gene flow and habitat specificity.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0962-1083</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1365-294X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/mec.15721</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33152114</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>Aizoaceae ; Animal behavior ; Biodiversity ; Biodiversity hot spots ; Differentiation ; dispersal ; Divergence ; edaphic specialisation ; Gene flow ; Genetic structure ; genotyping‐by‐sequencing ; greater Cape floristic region ; Habitats ; Mosaics ; Niches ; Pollen ; Population genetics ; Seed dispersal ; speciation ; Species</subject><ispartof>Molecular ecology, 2021-01, Vol.30 (1), p.175-192</ispartof><rights>2020 The Authors. published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd</rights><rights>2020 The Authors. 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Anthony</creatorcontrib><title>Niche specificity influences gene flow across fine‐scale habitat mosaics in Succulent Karoo plants</title><title>Molecular ecology</title><addtitle>Mol Ecol</addtitle><description>While the tempo of diversification in biodiversity hotspots has received much attention, the spatial scale of diversification has often been overlooked. Addressing this deficiency requires understanding the drivers of population divergence and the spatial scales at which they operate in species‐rich clades and ecosystems. South Africa's Succulent Karoo (SK) hotspot provides an excellent system for such research, being both compact (ca. 110,000 km2) and home to spectacular in‐situ radiations, such as the ruschioid Aizoaceae. Here we use GBS to document genetic structure in two co‐occurring ruschioid species, at both coarse (>10 km) and fine (<500 m) spatial scales. 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However, the contrasting patterns in our study species show that these factors do not influence all organisms uniformly, being strongly modulated by lineage‐specific traits that influence both the spatial scale of gene flow and habitat specificity.</description><subject>Aizoaceae</subject><subject>Animal behavior</subject><subject>Biodiversity</subject><subject>Biodiversity hot spots</subject><subject>Differentiation</subject><subject>dispersal</subject><subject>Divergence</subject><subject>edaphic specialisation</subject><subject>Gene flow</subject><subject>Genetic structure</subject><subject>genotyping‐by‐sequencing</subject><subject>greater Cape floristic region</subject><subject>Habitats</subject><subject>Mosaics</subject><subject>Niches</subject><subject>Pollen</subject><subject>Population genetics</subject><subject>Seed dispersal</subject><subject>speciation</subject><subject>Species</subject><issn>0962-1083</issn><issn>1365-294X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>24P</sourceid><sourceid>WIN</sourceid><recordid>eNp10MtKAzEUBuAgiq2XhS8gATe6GM1tOslSSr3gbaGCuyHJnNjIXOpkhtKdj-Az-iSmVl0IZhMIX37O-RHao-SYxnNSgT2macboGhpSPkoTpsTTOhoSNWIJJZIP0FYIL4RQztJ0Ew04pymjVAxRcevtFHCYgfXOW98tsK9d2UNtIeBnqAG7spljbdsmBOx8DR9v78HqEvBUG9_pDldN0N6G-BHf99b2JdQdvtJt0-BZqesu7KANp8sAu9_3Nno8mzyML5Lru_PL8el1YrmUNLGZFGpEiDaGKq6N0sxRJ6WTioNRREghdaFVobQjkoARxBbFKL4Z4IZRvo0OV7mztnntIXR55YOFMg4BTR9yJlJJuEhZFunBH_rS9G0dp4sqYyrlIluqo5X62r4Fl89aX-l2kVOSL6vPY_X5V_XR7n8n9qaC4lf-dB3ByQrMfQmL_5Pym8l4FfkJpp-O2w</recordid><startdate>202101</startdate><enddate>202101</enddate><creator>Musker, Seth D.</creator><creator>Ellis, Allan G.</creator><creator>Schlebusch, Stephen A.</creator><creator>Verboom, G. 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Anthony</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Niche specificity influences gene flow across fine‐scale habitat mosaics in Succulent Karoo plants</atitle><jtitle>Molecular ecology</jtitle><addtitle>Mol Ecol</addtitle><date>2021-01</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>30</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>175</spage><epage>192</epage><pages>175-192</pages><issn>0962-1083</issn><eissn>1365-294X</eissn><abstract>While the tempo of diversification in biodiversity hotspots has received much attention, the spatial scale of diversification has often been overlooked. Addressing this deficiency requires understanding the drivers of population divergence and the spatial scales at which they operate in species‐rich clades and ecosystems. South Africa's Succulent Karoo (SK) hotspot provides an excellent system for such research, being both compact (ca. 110,000 km2) and home to spectacular in‐situ radiations, such as the ruschioid Aizoaceae. 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| subjects | Aizoaceae Animal behavior Biodiversity Biodiversity hot spots Differentiation dispersal Divergence edaphic specialisation Gene flow Genetic structure genotyping‐by‐sequencing greater Cape floristic region Habitats Mosaics Niches Pollen Population genetics Seed dispersal speciation Species |
| title | Niche specificity influences gene flow across fine‐scale habitat mosaics in Succulent Karoo plants |
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