Atrial size and sports. A great training for a greater left atrium: how much is too much?
Athlete’s heart results from physiological adaptations to the increased demands of exercise, and left atrial (LA) enlargement (LAE) is a fundamental component. However, LAE occurs in certain pathological conditions and it might represent a diagnostic challenge in athletes. LA volume index (LAVi) by...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging 2021-03, Vol.37 (3), p.981-988 |
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| creator | Diaz Babio, Gonzalo Vera Janavel, Gustavo Constantin, Ivan Masson, Gerardo Carrero, Celeste Garcia Botta, Teresa Mezzadra, Maria Stutzbach, Pablo |
| description | Athlete’s heart results from physiological adaptations to the increased demands of exercise, and left atrial (LA) enlargement (LAE) is a fundamental component. However, LAE occurs in certain pathological conditions and it might represent a diagnostic challenge in athletes. LA volume index (LAVi) by echo is a convenient diagnostic tool for LAE identification. We hypothesized that accumulated lifetime training thousand hours (LTH) would have a main role in LAE. Therefore, our aim was to assess the association between LTH, LAVi and LAE in athletes. Young and middle-aged males with different training levels were included and grouped as recreational (REa, n = 30), competitive (COa, n = 169) and elite (ELa, n = 80) athletes for LTH calculation and echo assessment. LA dimensions resulted greater in ELa when compared to other groups (p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s10554-020-02082-2 |
| format | Article |
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A great training for a greater left atrium: how much is too much?</title><source>SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings</source><creator>Diaz Babio, Gonzalo ; Vera Janavel, Gustavo ; Constantin, Ivan ; Masson, Gerardo ; Carrero, Celeste ; Garcia Botta, Teresa ; Mezzadra, Maria ; Stutzbach, Pablo</creator><creatorcontrib>Diaz Babio, Gonzalo ; Vera Janavel, Gustavo ; Constantin, Ivan ; Masson, Gerardo ; Carrero, Celeste ; Garcia Botta, Teresa ; Mezzadra, Maria ; Stutzbach, Pablo</creatorcontrib><description><![CDATA[Athlete’s heart results from physiological adaptations to the increased demands of exercise, and left atrial (LA) enlargement (LAE) is a fundamental component. However, LAE occurs in certain pathological conditions and it might represent a diagnostic challenge in athletes. LA volume index (LAVi) by echo is a convenient diagnostic tool for LAE identification. We hypothesized that accumulated lifetime training thousand hours (LTH) would have a main role in LAE. Therefore, our aim was to assess the association between LTH, LAVi and LAE in athletes. Young and middle-aged males with different training levels were included and grouped as recreational (REa, n = 30), competitive (COa, n = 169) and elite (ELa, n = 80) athletes for LTH calculation and echo assessment. LA dimensions resulted greater in ELa when compared to other groups (p < 0.001). LAVi correlated stronger with LTH than with age (p < 0.001). Polynomial regression analysis showed a non-linear, almost triphasic, effect of cumulative training on LA size (p < 0.02). Multivariate logistic regression, including LTH, age, body surface area, systolic blood pressure and other explanatory variables to predict LAE, showed LTH as the sole significant factor [OR 1.45 (CI 1.1–1.92), p < 0.008]. ROC analysis found an optimal cut off point of 3.6 LTH for LAE identification (AUC = 0.84, p < 0.001. RR = 5.65, p < 0.001). We conclude that LAE associates with LTH more than with other clinical parameters, and with less impact at higher amounts of LTH. Lifetime training greater than 3600 hours increases the probability of finding LAE in athletes. Future research should provide more insights and implications of these findings.]]></description><identifier>ISSN: 1569-5794</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1573-0743</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1875-8312</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s10554-020-02082-2</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33104945</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands</publisher><subject>Adaptation ; Athletes ; Atria ; Blood pressure ; Cardiac Imaging ; Cardiology ; Diagnostic software ; Enlargement ; Imaging ; Mathematical analysis ; Medicine ; Medicine & Public Health ; Original Paper ; Polynomials ; Radiology ; Regression analysis ; Statistical analysis ; Training</subject><ispartof>The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging, 2021-03, Vol.37 (3), p.981-988</ispartof><rights>Springer Nature B.V. 2020</rights><rights>Springer Nature B.V. 2020.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c375t-3b4aecc069ffeb292671b0a006aeaf607ae800976ef8f45119615a6cb99591303</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c375t-3b4aecc069ffeb292671b0a006aeaf607ae800976ef8f45119615a6cb99591303</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-2084-7511 ; 0000-0003-4626-6990</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10554-020-02082-2$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10554-020-02082-2$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925,41488,42557,51319</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33104945$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Diaz Babio, Gonzalo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vera Janavel, Gustavo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Constantin, Ivan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Masson, Gerardo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Carrero, Celeste</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Garcia Botta, Teresa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mezzadra, Maria</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stutzbach, Pablo</creatorcontrib><title>Atrial size and sports. A great training for a greater left atrium: how much is too much?</title><title>The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging</title><addtitle>Int J Cardiovasc Imaging</addtitle><addtitle>Int J Cardiovasc Imaging</addtitle><description><![CDATA[Athlete’s heart results from physiological adaptations to the increased demands of exercise, and left atrial (LA) enlargement (LAE) is a fundamental component. However, LAE occurs in certain pathological conditions and it might represent a diagnostic challenge in athletes. LA volume index (LAVi) by echo is a convenient diagnostic tool for LAE identification. We hypothesized that accumulated lifetime training thousand hours (LTH) would have a main role in LAE. Therefore, our aim was to assess the association between LTH, LAVi and LAE in athletes. Young and middle-aged males with different training levels were included and grouped as recreational (REa, n = 30), competitive (COa, n = 169) and elite (ELa, n = 80) athletes for LTH calculation and echo assessment. LA dimensions resulted greater in ELa when compared to other groups (p < 0.001). LAVi correlated stronger with LTH than with age (p < 0.001). Polynomial regression analysis showed a non-linear, almost triphasic, effect of cumulative training on LA size (p < 0.02). Multivariate logistic regression, including LTH, age, body surface area, systolic blood pressure and other explanatory variables to predict LAE, showed LTH as the sole significant factor [OR 1.45 (CI 1.1–1.92), p < 0.008]. ROC analysis found an optimal cut off point of 3.6 LTH for LAE identification (AUC = 0.84, p < 0.001. RR = 5.65, p < 0.001). We conclude that LAE associates with LTH more than with other clinical parameters, and with less impact at higher amounts of LTH. Lifetime training greater than 3600 hours increases the probability of finding LAE in athletes. Future research should provide more insights and implications of these findings.]]></description><subject>Adaptation</subject><subject>Athletes</subject><subject>Atria</subject><subject>Blood pressure</subject><subject>Cardiac Imaging</subject><subject>Cardiology</subject><subject>Diagnostic software</subject><subject>Enlargement</subject><subject>Imaging</subject><subject>Mathematical analysis</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine & Public Health</subject><subject>Original Paper</subject><subject>Polynomials</subject><subject>Radiology</subject><subject>Regression analysis</subject><subject>Statistical analysis</subject><subject>Training</subject><issn>1569-5794</issn><issn>1573-0743</issn><issn>1875-8312</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kEtLxDAYRYMojq8_4EICbtxUvzw7cSPD4AsEN7pwFdJOMtOhbcakRfTXm7GjggsXIR_JuTfhIHRM4JwA5BeRgBA8AwrrNaYZ3UJ7ROQsg5yz7fUsVSZyxUdoP8YlQMIo20UjxghwxcUeepl0oTI1jtWHxaad4bjyoYvneILnwZoOd8FUbdXOsfMBm-HQBlxb12GTsn1ziRf-DTd9ucBVxJ33X_PVIdpxpo72aLMfoOeb66fpXfbweHs_nTxkJctFl7GCG1uWIJVztqCKypwUYACkscZJyI0dA6hcWjd2XBCiJBFGloVSQhEG7ACdDb2r4F97GzvdVLG0dW1a6_uoKRdcCkmFTOjpH3Tp-9Cm32kqkhspgdJE0YEqg48xWKdXoWpMeNcE9Fq8HsTrlNBf4vU6dLKp7ovGzn4i36YTwAYgpqt2bsPv2__UfgKsS4u5</recordid><startdate>20210301</startdate><enddate>20210301</enddate><creator>Diaz Babio, Gonzalo</creator><creator>Vera Janavel, Gustavo</creator><creator>Constantin, Ivan</creator><creator>Masson, Gerardo</creator><creator>Carrero, Celeste</creator><creator>Garcia Botta, Teresa</creator><creator>Mezzadra, Maria</creator><creator>Stutzbach, Pablo</creator><general>Springer Netherlands</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7Z</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2084-7511</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4626-6990</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20210301</creationdate><title>Atrial size and sports. A great training for a greater left atrium: how much is too much?</title><author>Diaz Babio, Gonzalo ; Vera Janavel, Gustavo ; Constantin, Ivan ; Masson, Gerardo ; Carrero, Celeste ; Garcia Botta, Teresa ; Mezzadra, Maria ; Stutzbach, Pablo</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c375t-3b4aecc069ffeb292671b0a006aeaf607ae800976ef8f45119615a6cb99591303</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Adaptation</topic><topic>Athletes</topic><topic>Atria</topic><topic>Blood pressure</topic><topic>Cardiac Imaging</topic><topic>Cardiology</topic><topic>Diagnostic software</topic><topic>Enlargement</topic><topic>Imaging</topic><topic>Mathematical analysis</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine & Public Health</topic><topic>Original Paper</topic><topic>Polynomials</topic><topic>Radiology</topic><topic>Regression analysis</topic><topic>Statistical analysis</topic><topic>Training</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Diaz Babio, Gonzalo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vera Janavel, Gustavo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Constantin, Ivan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Masson, Gerardo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Carrero, Celeste</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Garcia Botta, Teresa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mezzadra, Maria</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stutzbach, Pablo</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Biochemistry Abstracts 1</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Diaz Babio, Gonzalo</au><au>Vera Janavel, Gustavo</au><au>Constantin, Ivan</au><au>Masson, Gerardo</au><au>Carrero, Celeste</au><au>Garcia Botta, Teresa</au><au>Mezzadra, Maria</au><au>Stutzbach, Pablo</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Atrial size and sports. A great training for a greater left atrium: how much is too much?</atitle><jtitle>The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging</jtitle><stitle>Int J Cardiovasc Imaging</stitle><addtitle>Int J Cardiovasc Imaging</addtitle><date>2021-03-01</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>37</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>981</spage><epage>988</epage><pages>981-988</pages><issn>1569-5794</issn><eissn>1573-0743</eissn><eissn>1875-8312</eissn><abstract><![CDATA[Athlete’s heart results from physiological adaptations to the increased demands of exercise, and left atrial (LA) enlargement (LAE) is a fundamental component. However, LAE occurs in certain pathological conditions and it might represent a diagnostic challenge in athletes. LA volume index (LAVi) by echo is a convenient diagnostic tool for LAE identification. We hypothesized that accumulated lifetime training thousand hours (LTH) would have a main role in LAE. Therefore, our aim was to assess the association between LTH, LAVi and LAE in athletes. Young and middle-aged males with different training levels were included and grouped as recreational (REa, n = 30), competitive (COa, n = 169) and elite (ELa, n = 80) athletes for LTH calculation and echo assessment. LA dimensions resulted greater in ELa when compared to other groups (p < 0.001). LAVi correlated stronger with LTH than with age (p < 0.001). Polynomial regression analysis showed a non-linear, almost triphasic, effect of cumulative training on LA size (p < 0.02). Multivariate logistic regression, including LTH, age, body surface area, systolic blood pressure and other explanatory variables to predict LAE, showed LTH as the sole significant factor [OR 1.45 (CI 1.1–1.92), p < 0.008]. ROC analysis found an optimal cut off point of 3.6 LTH for LAE identification (AUC = 0.84, p < 0.001. RR = 5.65, p < 0.001). We conclude that LAE associates with LTH more than with other clinical parameters, and with less impact at higher amounts of LTH. Lifetime training greater than 3600 hours increases the probability of finding LAE in athletes. Future research should provide more insights and implications of these findings.]]></abstract><cop>Dordrecht</cop><pub>Springer Netherlands</pub><pmid>33104945</pmid><doi>10.1007/s10554-020-02082-2</doi><tpages>8</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2084-7511</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4626-6990</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adaptation Athletes Atria Blood pressure Cardiac Imaging Cardiology Diagnostic software Enlargement Imaging Mathematical analysis Medicine Medicine & Public Health Original Paper Polynomials Radiology Regression analysis Statistical analysis Training |
| title | Atrial size and sports. A great training for a greater left atrium: how much is too much? |
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