SARS‐CoV‐2 Presence in the Saliva, Tears, and Cerumen of COVID‐19 Patients
Objectives/Hypothesis The emergence of a new coronavirus strain (SARS‐CoV‐2) in December 2019 from China led to a global pandemic. The lack of herd immunity against this virus and the possibility of viral spread from asymptomatic individuals is still a major challenge for the prevention of viral tra...
Gespeichert in:
| Veröffentlicht in: | The Laryngoscope 2021-05, Vol.131 (5), p.E1677-E1682 |
|---|---|
| Hauptverfasser: | , , , , , , , , , |
| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | eng |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| container_end_page | E1682 |
|---|---|
| container_issue | 5 |
| container_start_page | E1677 |
| container_title | The Laryngoscope |
| container_volume | 131 |
| creator | Hanege, Fatih M. Kocoglu, Esra Kalcioglu, Mahmut T. Celik, Serdal Cag, Yasemin Esen, Fehim Bayindir, Eray Pence, Sadrettin Alp Mese, Emine Agalar, Canan |
| description | Objectives/Hypothesis
The emergence of a new coronavirus strain (SARS‐CoV‐2) in December 2019 from China led to a global pandemic. The lack of herd immunity against this virus and the possibility of viral spread from asymptomatic individuals is still a major challenge for the prevention of viral transmission. The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of the virus in different bodily secretions as a potential source of viral spread among patients infected with SARS‐CoV‐2.
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study.
Methods
The study included 38 COVID‐19 patients with a positive real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) test result for SARS‐CoV‐2, obtained from the combined nasopharyngeal–oropharyngeal swab samples. Saliva, tear, and cerumen samples were taken from the patients within 72 hours of the first RT‐PCR test. SARS‐CoV‐2 N1 and N2 gene regions were studied with single‐step RT‐PCR in all samples.
Results
Among the studied samples, the highest positivity rate was in saliva (76.3%) followed by tears (55.3%) and cerumen (39.5%). Viral load in saliva was also significantly higher compared to tears and cerumen (P |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1002/lary.29218 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2454108445</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2454108445</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4218-fd0132dd16313f1f8434d8ad41af5e331e47cde9a348258375bd102d8229956d3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kEtOwzAQhi0EgvLYcABkiQ1CBDx-UGdZhadUqRUFBCvLjSciKE2K3YC64wickZNgKLBgwWZmMd_8mvkI2QZ2CIzxo8r6-SFPOegl0gElIJFpqpZJJw5FohW_WyPrITwyBl2h2CpZE4KlUgvRIcNR72r0_vqWNbexcjr0GLDOkZY1nT0gHdmqfLYH9BqtDwfU1o5m6NsJ1rQpaDa4vTyJe5DSoZ2VWM_CJlkpbBVw67tvkJuz0-vsIukPzi-zXj_JZTw0KRwDwZ2DYwGigEJLIZ22ToItFAoBKLu5w9QKqbnSoqvGDhh3mvP427ETG2RvkTv1zVOLYWYmZcixqmyNTRsMl0oC01KqiO7-QR-b1tfxOsMVAFeMSYjU_oLKfROCx8JMfTmJag0w8-nZfHo2X54jvPMd2Y4n6H7RH7ERgAXwUlY4_yfK9HtX94vQDycGhl8</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2511250041</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>SARS‐CoV‐2 Presence in the Saliva, Tears, and Cerumen of COVID‐19 Patients</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete</source><creator>Hanege, Fatih M. ; Kocoglu, Esra ; Kalcioglu, Mahmut T. ; Celik, Serdal ; Cag, Yasemin ; Esen, Fehim ; Bayindir, Eray ; Pence, Sadrettin ; Alp Mese, Emine ; Agalar, Canan</creator><creatorcontrib>Hanege, Fatih M. ; Kocoglu, Esra ; Kalcioglu, Mahmut T. ; Celik, Serdal ; Cag, Yasemin ; Esen, Fehim ; Bayindir, Eray ; Pence, Sadrettin ; Alp Mese, Emine ; Agalar, Canan</creatorcontrib><description>Objectives/Hypothesis
The emergence of a new coronavirus strain (SARS‐CoV‐2) in December 2019 from China led to a global pandemic. The lack of herd immunity against this virus and the possibility of viral spread from asymptomatic individuals is still a major challenge for the prevention of viral transmission. The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of the virus in different bodily secretions as a potential source of viral spread among patients infected with SARS‐CoV‐2.
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study.
Methods
The study included 38 COVID‐19 patients with a positive real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) test result for SARS‐CoV‐2, obtained from the combined nasopharyngeal–oropharyngeal swab samples. Saliva, tear, and cerumen samples were taken from the patients within 72 hours of the first RT‐PCR test. SARS‐CoV‐2 N1 and N2 gene regions were studied with single‐step RT‐PCR in all samples.
Results
Among the studied samples, the highest positivity rate was in saliva (76.3%) followed by tears (55.3%) and cerumen (39.5%). Viral load in saliva was also significantly higher compared to tears and cerumen (P < .001), while there was no significant difference between tears and cerumen. Higher viral load in combined nasopharyngeal–oropharyngeal swab samples was associated with higher viral load in tears, but not in saliva or cerumen. Half of the saliva, tear, and cerumen samples obtained from asymptomatic patients contained SARS‐CoV‐2 genome.
Conclusions
The virus was detected in the saliva, tears, and cerumen samples of both symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. The potential role of these bodily fluids on viral spread needs to be studied.
Level of Evidence
4 Laryngoscope, 131:E1677–E1682, 2021</description><identifier>ISSN: 0023-852X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1531-4995</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/lary.29218</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33094833</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Hoboken, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc</publisher><subject>Adult ; Aged ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 - metabolism ; Asymptomatic ; cerumen ; Cerumen - virology ; China - epidemiology ; COVID-19 - diagnosis ; COVID-19 - epidemiology ; COVID-19 - transmission ; COVID-19 - virology ; COVID-19 Testing - methods ; COVID‐19 ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Laryngoscopy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasopharynx - virology ; Oropharynx - virology ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction - methods ; saliva ; Saliva - virology ; SARS-CoV-2 - genetics ; SARS-CoV-2 - isolation & purification ; SARS‐CoV‐2 ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ; tear ; Tears - virology ; Viral Load - statistics & numerical data</subject><ispartof>The Laryngoscope, 2021-05, Vol.131 (5), p.E1677-E1682</ispartof><rights>2020 American Laryngological, Rhinological and Otological Society Inc, "The Triological Society" and American Laryngological Association (ALA)</rights><rights>2020 American Laryngological, Rhinological and Otological Society Inc, "The Triological Society" and American Laryngological Association (ALA).</rights><rights>2021 The American Laryngological, Rhinological and Otological Society, Inc.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4218-fd0132dd16313f1f8434d8ad41af5e331e47cde9a348258375bd102d8229956d3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4218-fd0132dd16313f1f8434d8ad41af5e331e47cde9a348258375bd102d8229956d3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-6803-5467</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002%2Flary.29218$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002%2Flary.29218$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,777,781,1412,27905,27906,45555,45556</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33094833$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Hanege, Fatih M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kocoglu, Esra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kalcioglu, Mahmut T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Celik, Serdal</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cag, Yasemin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Esen, Fehim</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bayindir, Eray</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pence, Sadrettin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alp Mese, Emine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Agalar, Canan</creatorcontrib><title>SARS‐CoV‐2 Presence in the Saliva, Tears, and Cerumen of COVID‐19 Patients</title><title>The Laryngoscope</title><addtitle>Laryngoscope</addtitle><description>Objectives/Hypothesis
The emergence of a new coronavirus strain (SARS‐CoV‐2) in December 2019 from China led to a global pandemic. The lack of herd immunity against this virus and the possibility of viral spread from asymptomatic individuals is still a major challenge for the prevention of viral transmission. The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of the virus in different bodily secretions as a potential source of viral spread among patients infected with SARS‐CoV‐2.
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study.
Methods
The study included 38 COVID‐19 patients with a positive real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) test result for SARS‐CoV‐2, obtained from the combined nasopharyngeal–oropharyngeal swab samples. Saliva, tear, and cerumen samples were taken from the patients within 72 hours of the first RT‐PCR test. SARS‐CoV‐2 N1 and N2 gene regions were studied with single‐step RT‐PCR in all samples.
Results
Among the studied samples, the highest positivity rate was in saliva (76.3%) followed by tears (55.3%) and cerumen (39.5%). Viral load in saliva was also significantly higher compared to tears and cerumen (P < .001), while there was no significant difference between tears and cerumen. Higher viral load in combined nasopharyngeal–oropharyngeal swab samples was associated with higher viral load in tears, but not in saliva or cerumen. Half of the saliva, tear, and cerumen samples obtained from asymptomatic patients contained SARS‐CoV‐2 genome.
Conclusions
The virus was detected in the saliva, tears, and cerumen samples of both symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. The potential role of these bodily fluids on viral spread needs to be studied.
Level of Evidence
4 Laryngoscope, 131:E1677–E1682, 2021</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 - metabolism</subject><subject>Asymptomatic</subject><subject>cerumen</subject><subject>Cerumen - virology</subject><subject>China - epidemiology</subject><subject>COVID-19 - diagnosis</subject><subject>COVID-19 - epidemiology</subject><subject>COVID-19 - transmission</subject><subject>COVID-19 - virology</subject><subject>COVID-19 Testing - methods</subject><subject>COVID‐19</subject><subject>Cross-Sectional Studies</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Laryngoscopy</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Nasopharynx - virology</subject><subject>Oropharynx - virology</subject><subject>Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction - methods</subject><subject>saliva</subject><subject>Saliva - virology</subject><subject>SARS-CoV-2 - genetics</subject><subject>SARS-CoV-2 - isolation & purification</subject><subject>SARS‐CoV‐2</subject><subject>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2</subject><subject>tear</subject><subject>Tears - virology</subject><subject>Viral Load - statistics & numerical data</subject><issn>0023-852X</issn><issn>1531-4995</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kEtOwzAQhi0EgvLYcABkiQ1CBDx-UGdZhadUqRUFBCvLjSciKE2K3YC64wickZNgKLBgwWZmMd_8mvkI2QZ2CIzxo8r6-SFPOegl0gElIJFpqpZJJw5FohW_WyPrITwyBl2h2CpZE4KlUgvRIcNR72r0_vqWNbexcjr0GLDOkZY1nT0gHdmqfLYH9BqtDwfU1o5m6NsJ1rQpaDa4vTyJe5DSoZ2VWM_CJlkpbBVw67tvkJuz0-vsIukPzi-zXj_JZTw0KRwDwZ2DYwGigEJLIZ22ToItFAoBKLu5w9QKqbnSoqvGDhh3mvP427ETG2RvkTv1zVOLYWYmZcixqmyNTRsMl0oC01KqiO7-QR-b1tfxOsMVAFeMSYjU_oLKfROCx8JMfTmJag0w8-nZfHo2X54jvPMd2Y4n6H7RH7ERgAXwUlY4_yfK9HtX94vQDycGhl8</recordid><startdate>202105</startdate><enddate>202105</enddate><creator>Hanege, Fatih M.</creator><creator>Kocoglu, Esra</creator><creator>Kalcioglu, Mahmut T.</creator><creator>Celik, Serdal</creator><creator>Cag, Yasemin</creator><creator>Esen, Fehim</creator><creator>Bayindir, Eray</creator><creator>Pence, Sadrettin</creator><creator>Alp Mese, Emine</creator><creator>Agalar, Canan</creator><general>John Wiley & Sons, Inc</general><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6803-5467</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202105</creationdate><title>SARS‐CoV‐2 Presence in the Saliva, Tears, and Cerumen of COVID‐19 Patients</title><author>Hanege, Fatih M. ; Kocoglu, Esra ; Kalcioglu, Mahmut T. ; Celik, Serdal ; Cag, Yasemin ; Esen, Fehim ; Bayindir, Eray ; Pence, Sadrettin ; Alp Mese, Emine ; Agalar, Canan</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4218-fd0132dd16313f1f8434d8ad41af5e331e47cde9a348258375bd102d8229956d3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 - metabolism</topic><topic>Asymptomatic</topic><topic>cerumen</topic><topic>Cerumen - virology</topic><topic>China - epidemiology</topic><topic>COVID-19 - diagnosis</topic><topic>COVID-19 - epidemiology</topic><topic>COVID-19 - transmission</topic><topic>COVID-19 - virology</topic><topic>COVID-19 Testing - methods</topic><topic>COVID‐19</topic><topic>Cross-Sectional Studies</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Laryngoscopy</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Nasopharynx - virology</topic><topic>Oropharynx - virology</topic><topic>Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction - methods</topic><topic>saliva</topic><topic>Saliva - virology</topic><topic>SARS-CoV-2 - genetics</topic><topic>SARS-CoV-2 - isolation & purification</topic><topic>SARS‐CoV‐2</topic><topic>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2</topic><topic>tear</topic><topic>Tears - virology</topic><topic>Viral Load - statistics & numerical data</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Hanege, Fatih M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kocoglu, Esra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kalcioglu, Mahmut T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Celik, Serdal</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cag, Yasemin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Esen, Fehim</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bayindir, Eray</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pence, Sadrettin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alp Mese, Emine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Agalar, Canan</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>The Laryngoscope</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Hanege, Fatih M.</au><au>Kocoglu, Esra</au><au>Kalcioglu, Mahmut T.</au><au>Celik, Serdal</au><au>Cag, Yasemin</au><au>Esen, Fehim</au><au>Bayindir, Eray</au><au>Pence, Sadrettin</au><au>Alp Mese, Emine</au><au>Agalar, Canan</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>SARS‐CoV‐2 Presence in the Saliva, Tears, and Cerumen of COVID‐19 Patients</atitle><jtitle>The Laryngoscope</jtitle><addtitle>Laryngoscope</addtitle><date>2021-05</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>131</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>E1677</spage><epage>E1682</epage><pages>E1677-E1682</pages><issn>0023-852X</issn><eissn>1531-4995</eissn><abstract>Objectives/Hypothesis
The emergence of a new coronavirus strain (SARS‐CoV‐2) in December 2019 from China led to a global pandemic. The lack of herd immunity against this virus and the possibility of viral spread from asymptomatic individuals is still a major challenge for the prevention of viral transmission. The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of the virus in different bodily secretions as a potential source of viral spread among patients infected with SARS‐CoV‐2.
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study.
Methods
The study included 38 COVID‐19 patients with a positive real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) test result for SARS‐CoV‐2, obtained from the combined nasopharyngeal–oropharyngeal swab samples. Saliva, tear, and cerumen samples were taken from the patients within 72 hours of the first RT‐PCR test. SARS‐CoV‐2 N1 and N2 gene regions were studied with single‐step RT‐PCR in all samples.
Results
Among the studied samples, the highest positivity rate was in saliva (76.3%) followed by tears (55.3%) and cerumen (39.5%). Viral load in saliva was also significantly higher compared to tears and cerumen (P < .001), while there was no significant difference between tears and cerumen. Higher viral load in combined nasopharyngeal–oropharyngeal swab samples was associated with higher viral load in tears, but not in saliva or cerumen. Half of the saliva, tear, and cerumen samples obtained from asymptomatic patients contained SARS‐CoV‐2 genome.
Conclusions
The virus was detected in the saliva, tears, and cerumen samples of both symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. The potential role of these bodily fluids on viral spread needs to be studied.
Level of Evidence
4 Laryngoscope, 131:E1677–E1682, 2021</abstract><cop>Hoboken, USA</cop><pub>John Wiley & Sons, Inc</pub><pmid>33094833</pmid><doi>10.1002/lary.29218</doi><tpages>6</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6803-5467</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0023-852X |
| ispartof | The Laryngoscope, 2021-05, Vol.131 (5), p.E1677-E1682 |
| issn | 0023-852X 1531-4995 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2454108445 |
| source | MEDLINE; Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete |
| subjects | Adult Aged Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 - metabolism Asymptomatic cerumen Cerumen - virology China - epidemiology COVID-19 - diagnosis COVID-19 - epidemiology COVID-19 - transmission COVID-19 - virology COVID-19 Testing - methods COVID‐19 Cross-Sectional Studies Female Humans Laryngoscopy Male Middle Aged Nasopharynx - virology Oropharynx - virology Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction - methods saliva Saliva - virology SARS-CoV-2 - genetics SARS-CoV-2 - isolation & purification SARS‐CoV‐2 Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 tear Tears - virology Viral Load - statistics & numerical data |
| title | SARS‐CoV‐2 Presence in the Saliva, Tears, and Cerumen of COVID‐19 Patients |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-20T03%3A14%3A04IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=SARS%E2%80%90CoV%E2%80%902%20Presence%20in%20the%20Saliva,%20Tears,%20and%20Cerumen%20of%20COVID%E2%80%9019%20Patients&rft.jtitle=The%20Laryngoscope&rft.au=Hanege,%20Fatih%20M.&rft.date=2021-05&rft.volume=131&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=E1677&rft.epage=E1682&rft.pages=E1677-E1682&rft.issn=0023-852X&rft.eissn=1531-4995&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002/lary.29218&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E2454108445%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2511250041&rft_id=info:pmid/33094833&rfr_iscdi=true |