Exploiting Colloidal Metamaterials for Achieving Unnatural Optical Refractions

The scaling down of meta‐atoms or metamolecules (collectively denoted as metaunits) is a long‐lasting issue from the time when the concept of metamaterials was first suggested. According to the effective medium theory, which is the foundational concept of metamaterials, the structural sizes of meta‐...

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Veröffentlicht in:Advanced materials (Weinheim) 2020-12, Vol.32 (51), p.e2001806-n/a
Hauptverfasser: Huh, Ji‐Hyeok, Kim, Kwangjin, Im, Eunji, Lee, Jaewon, Cho, YongDeok, Lee, Seungwoo
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container_title Advanced materials (Weinheim)
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creator Huh, Ji‐Hyeok
Kim, Kwangjin
Im, Eunji
Lee, Jaewon
Cho, YongDeok
Lee, Seungwoo
description The scaling down of meta‐atoms or metamolecules (collectively denoted as metaunits) is a long‐lasting issue from the time when the concept of metamaterials was first suggested. According to the effective medium theory, which is the foundational concept of metamaterials, the structural sizes of meta‐units should be much smaller than the working wavelengths (e.g.,
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According to the effective medium theory, which is the foundational concept of metamaterials, the structural sizes of meta‐units should be much smaller than the working wavelengths (e.g., &lt;&lt; 1/5 wavelength). At relatively low frequency regimes (e.g., microwave and terahertz), the conventional monolithic lithography can readily address the materialization of metamaterials. However, it is still challenging to fabricate optical metamaterials (metamaterials working at optical frequencies such as the visible and near‐infrared regimes) through the lithographic approaches. This serves as the rationale for using colloidal self‐assembly as a strategy for the realization of optical metamaterials. Colloidal self‐assembly can address various critical issues associated with the materialization of optical metamaterials, such as achieving nanogaps over a large area, increasing true 3D structural complexities, and cost‐effective processing, which all are difficult to attain through monolithic lithography. Nevertheless, colloidal self‐assembly is still a toolset underutilized by optical engineers. Here, the design principle of the colloidally self‐assembled optical metamaterials exhibiting unnatural refractions, the practical challenge of relevant experiments, and the future opportunities are critically reviewed. The colloidal self‐assembly of optical metamaterials has come to the fore along with recent advances in synthetic strategies of colloids, self‐assembly routes for clusters and superlattices, and effective medium theory for analyzing colloidal assemblies. 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source Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete
subjects Assembly
capacitive coupling
Colloids
Effective medium theory
Lithography
magnetism
Materials science
Metamaterials
self‐assembly
title Exploiting Colloidal Metamaterials for Achieving Unnatural Optical Refractions
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