Early return of reflected waves increases right ventricular wall stress in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension

Pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) and compliance are comparable in proximal and distal chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). However, proximal CTEPH is associated with inferior right ventricular (RV) adaptation. Early wave reflection in proximal CTEPH may be responsible for altere...

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Veröffentlicht in:American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology 2020-12, Vol.319 (6), p.H1438-H1450
Hauptverfasser: Fukumitsu, Masafumi, Westerhof, Berend E, Ruigrok, Dieuwertje, Braams, Natalia J, Groeneveldt, Joanne A, Bayoumy, Ahmed A, Marcus, J Tim, Meijboom, Lilian J, de Man, Frances S, Westerhof, Nico, Bogaard, Harm-Jan, Vonk Noordegraaf, Anton
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container_end_page H1450
container_issue 6
container_start_page H1438
container_title American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology
container_volume 319
creator Fukumitsu, Masafumi
Westerhof, Berend E
Ruigrok, Dieuwertje
Braams, Natalia J
Groeneveldt, Joanne A
Bayoumy, Ahmed A
Marcus, J Tim
Meijboom, Lilian J
de Man, Frances S
Westerhof, Nico
Bogaard, Harm-Jan
Vonk Noordegraaf, Anton
description Pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) and compliance are comparable in proximal and distal chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). However, proximal CTEPH is associated with inferior right ventricular (RV) adaptation. Early wave reflection in proximal CTEPH may be responsible for altered RV function. The aims of the study are as follows: ) to investigate whether reflected pressure returns sooner in proximal than in distal CTEPH and ) to elucidate whether the timing of reflected pressure is related to RV dimensions, ejection fraction (RVEF), hypertrophy, and wall stress. Right heart catheterization and cardiac MRI were performed in 17 patients with proximal CTEPH and 17 patients with distal CTEPH. In addition to the determination of PVR, compliance, and characteristic impedance, wave separation analysis was performed to determine the magnitude and timing of the peak reflected pressure (as %systole). Findings were related to RV dimensions and time-resolved RV wall stress. Proximal CTEPH was characterized by higher RV volumes, mass, and wall stress, and lower RVEF. While PVR, compliance, and characteristic impedance were similar, proximal CTEPH was related to an earlier return of reflected pressure than distal CTEPH (proximal 53 ± 8% vs. distal 63 ± 15%, < 0.05). The magnitude of the reflected pressure waves did not differ. RV volumes, RVEF, RV mass, and wall stress were all related to the timing of peak reflected pressure. Poor RV function in patients with proximal CTEPH is related to an early return of reflected pressure wave. PVR, compliance, and characteristic impedance do not explain the differences in RV function between proximal and distal CTEPH. In chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH), proximal localization of vessel obstructions is associated with poor right ventricular (RV) function compared with distal localization, though pulmonary vascular resistance, vascular compliance, characteristic impedance, and the magnitude of wave reflection are similar. In proximal CTEPH, the RV is exposed to an earlier return of the reflected wave. Early wave reflection may increase RV wall stress and compromise RV function.
doi_str_mv 10.1152/ajpheart.00442.2020
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However, proximal CTEPH is associated with inferior right ventricular (RV) adaptation. Early wave reflection in proximal CTEPH may be responsible for altered RV function. The aims of the study are as follows: ) to investigate whether reflected pressure returns sooner in proximal than in distal CTEPH and ) to elucidate whether the timing of reflected pressure is related to RV dimensions, ejection fraction (RVEF), hypertrophy, and wall stress. Right heart catheterization and cardiac MRI were performed in 17 patients with proximal CTEPH and 17 patients with distal CTEPH. In addition to the determination of PVR, compliance, and characteristic impedance, wave separation analysis was performed to determine the magnitude and timing of the peak reflected pressure (as %systole). Findings were related to RV dimensions and time-resolved RV wall stress. Proximal CTEPH was characterized by higher RV volumes, mass, and wall stress, and lower RVEF. While PVR, compliance, and characteristic impedance were similar, proximal CTEPH was related to an earlier return of reflected pressure than distal CTEPH (proximal 53 ± 8% vs. distal 63 ± 15%, &lt; 0.05). The magnitude of the reflected pressure waves did not differ. RV volumes, RVEF, RV mass, and wall stress were all related to the timing of peak reflected pressure. Poor RV function in patients with proximal CTEPH is related to an early return of reflected pressure wave. PVR, compliance, and characteristic impedance do not explain the differences in RV function between proximal and distal CTEPH. In chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH), proximal localization of vessel obstructions is associated with poor right ventricular (RV) function compared with distal localization, though pulmonary vascular resistance, vascular compliance, characteristic impedance, and the magnitude of wave reflection are similar. 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Heart and circulatory physiology</title><addtitle>Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol</addtitle><description>Pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) and compliance are comparable in proximal and distal chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). However, proximal CTEPH is associated with inferior right ventricular (RV) adaptation. Early wave reflection in proximal CTEPH may be responsible for altered RV function. The aims of the study are as follows: ) to investigate whether reflected pressure returns sooner in proximal than in distal CTEPH and ) to elucidate whether the timing of reflected pressure is related to RV dimensions, ejection fraction (RVEF), hypertrophy, and wall stress. Right heart catheterization and cardiac MRI were performed in 17 patients with proximal CTEPH and 17 patients with distal CTEPH. In addition to the determination of PVR, compliance, and characteristic impedance, wave separation analysis was performed to determine the magnitude and timing of the peak reflected pressure (as %systole). Findings were related to RV dimensions and time-resolved RV wall stress. Proximal CTEPH was characterized by higher RV volumes, mass, and wall stress, and lower RVEF. While PVR, compliance, and characteristic impedance were similar, proximal CTEPH was related to an earlier return of reflected pressure than distal CTEPH (proximal 53 ± 8% vs. distal 63 ± 15%, &lt; 0.05). The magnitude of the reflected pressure waves did not differ. RV volumes, RVEF, RV mass, and wall stress were all related to the timing of peak reflected pressure. Poor RV function in patients with proximal CTEPH is related to an early return of reflected pressure wave. PVR, compliance, and characteristic impedance do not explain the differences in RV function between proximal and distal CTEPH. In chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH), proximal localization of vessel obstructions is associated with poor right ventricular (RV) function compared with distal localization, though pulmonary vascular resistance, vascular compliance, characteristic impedance, and the magnitude of wave reflection are similar. In proximal CTEPH, the RV is exposed to an earlier return of the reflected wave. 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Heart and circulatory physiology</jtitle><addtitle>Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol</addtitle><date>2020-12-01</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>319</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>H1438</spage><epage>H1450</epage><pages>H1438-H1450</pages><issn>0363-6135</issn><eissn>1522-1539</eissn><abstract>Pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) and compliance are comparable in proximal and distal chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). However, proximal CTEPH is associated with inferior right ventricular (RV) adaptation. Early wave reflection in proximal CTEPH may be responsible for altered RV function. The aims of the study are as follows: ) to investigate whether reflected pressure returns sooner in proximal than in distal CTEPH and ) to elucidate whether the timing of reflected pressure is related to RV dimensions, ejection fraction (RVEF), hypertrophy, and wall stress. Right heart catheterization and cardiac MRI were performed in 17 patients with proximal CTEPH and 17 patients with distal CTEPH. In addition to the determination of PVR, compliance, and characteristic impedance, wave separation analysis was performed to determine the magnitude and timing of the peak reflected pressure (as %systole). Findings were related to RV dimensions and time-resolved RV wall stress. Proximal CTEPH was characterized by higher RV volumes, mass, and wall stress, and lower RVEF. While PVR, compliance, and characteristic impedance were similar, proximal CTEPH was related to an earlier return of reflected pressure than distal CTEPH (proximal 53 ± 8% vs. distal 63 ± 15%, &lt; 0.05). The magnitude of the reflected pressure waves did not differ. RV volumes, RVEF, RV mass, and wall stress were all related to the timing of peak reflected pressure. Poor RV function in patients with proximal CTEPH is related to an early return of reflected pressure wave. PVR, compliance, and characteristic impedance do not explain the differences in RV function between proximal and distal CTEPH. In chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH), proximal localization of vessel obstructions is associated with poor right ventricular (RV) function compared with distal localization, though pulmonary vascular resistance, vascular compliance, characteristic impedance, and the magnitude of wave reflection are similar. In proximal CTEPH, the RV is exposed to an earlier return of the reflected wave. Early wave reflection may increase RV wall stress and compromise RV function.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>American Physiological Society</pub><pmid>33035435</pmid><doi>10.1152/ajpheart.00442.2020</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8868-6857</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4753-2461</orcidid></addata></record>
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source MEDLINE; American Physiological Society; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; Alma/SFX Local Collection
subjects Aged
Arterial Pressure
Catheterization
Catheterization, Swan-Ganz
Chronic Disease
Compliance
Elastic waves
Female
Heart
Humans
Hypertension
Hypertension, Pulmonary - diagnosis
Hypertension, Pulmonary - etiology
Hypertension, Pulmonary - physiopathology
Hypertrophy
Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular - diagnostic imaging
Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular - etiology
Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular - physiopathology
Impedance
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Male
Middle Aged
Pulmonary Artery - physiopathology
Pulmonary Embolism - complications
Pulmonary Embolism - diagnosis
Pulmonary Embolism - physiopathology
Pulmonary hypertension
Reflected waves
Retrospective Studies
Stress
Stroke Volume
Systole
Thromboembolism
Time Factors
Vascular Resistance
Ventricle
Ventricular Dysfunction, Right - diagnostic imaging
Ventricular Dysfunction, Right - etiology
Ventricular Dysfunction, Right - physiopathology
Ventricular Function, Right
Ventricular Remodeling
Wave reflection
title Early return of reflected waves increases right ventricular wall stress in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension
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