Mass Spectrometry-Based Shotgun Glycomics for Discovery of Natural Ligands of Glycan-Binding Proteins

Glycans attached to lipids and membrane-bound and secreted proteins and peptides mediate many important physiological and pathophysiological processes through interactions with glycan-binding proteins (GBPs). However, uncovering functional glycan ligands is challenging due to the large number of nat...

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Veröffentlicht in:Analytical chemistry (Washington) 2020-10, Vol.92 (20), p.14012-14020
Hauptverfasser: Park, Heajin, Jung, Jaesoo, Rodrigues, Emily, Kitova, Elena N, Macauley, Matthew S, Klassen, John S
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container_end_page 14020
container_issue 20
container_start_page 14012
container_title Analytical chemistry (Washington)
container_volume 92
creator Park, Heajin
Jung, Jaesoo
Rodrigues, Emily
Kitova, Elena N
Macauley, Matthew S
Klassen, John S
description Glycans attached to lipids and membrane-bound and secreted proteins and peptides mediate many important physiological and pathophysiological processes through interactions with glycan-binding proteins (GBPs). However, uncovering functional glycan ligands is challenging due to the large number of naturally occurring glycan structures, the limited availability of glycans in their purified form, the low affinities of GBP-glycan interactions, and limitations in existing binding assays. This work explores the application of catch-and-release electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (CaR-ESI-MS) for screening libraries of -glycans derived from natural sources. The assay was tested by screening a small-defined library of complex -glycans at equimolar concentrations against plant and human GBPs with known specificities for either α2-3- or α2-6-linked sialosides, with affinities in the millimolar to micromolar range. Validation experiments, performed in negative ion mode, revealed that bound -glycan ligands are readily released, as intact deprotonated ions, from GBPs in the gas phase using collision-induced dissociation. Moreover, the relative abundances of the released ligands closely match their solution affinities. The results obtained for a natural -glycan library produced from cultured immune cells serve to highlight the ease with which CaR-ESI-MS can screen complex mixtures of -glycans for interactions. Additionally, scaling the relative abundances of released glycan ligands according to their relative abundances in solution, as determined by hydrophilic interaction-ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography of the fluorescently labeled library, allows the relative affinities of glycan ligands to be ranked.
doi_str_mv 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c02931
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However, uncovering functional glycan ligands is challenging due to the large number of naturally occurring glycan structures, the limited availability of glycans in their purified form, the low affinities of GBP-glycan interactions, and limitations in existing binding assays. This work explores the application of catch-and-release electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (CaR-ESI-MS) for screening libraries of -glycans derived from natural sources. The assay was tested by screening a small-defined library of complex -glycans at equimolar concentrations against plant and human GBPs with known specificities for either α2-3- or α2-6-linked sialosides, with affinities in the millimolar to micromolar range. Validation experiments, performed in negative ion mode, revealed that bound -glycan ligands are readily released, as intact deprotonated ions, from GBPs in the gas phase using collision-induced dissociation. 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subjects Abundance
Affinity
Agglutinins - chemistry
Agglutinins - metabolism
Binding
Chemistry
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Glycan
Glycomics - methods
Humans
Immune system
Ionization
Ions
Libraries
Ligands
Lipids
Liquid chromatography
Mass spectrometry
Mass spectroscopy
N-glycans
Negative ions
Peptides
Plant Lectins - chemistry
Plant Lectins - metabolism
Polysaccharides
Polysaccharides - analysis
Polysaccharides - metabolism
Protein Binding
Proteins
Sambucus nigra - metabolism
Scientific imaging
Screening
Shotguns
Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 2 - chemistry
Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 2 - metabolism
Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization
Spectroscopy
Vapor phases
title Mass Spectrometry-Based Shotgun Glycomics for Discovery of Natural Ligands of Glycan-Binding Proteins
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