Saliva in the Diagnosis of COVID-19: A Review and New Research Directions
This review presents literature that highlights saliva’s utility as a biofluid in the diagnosis and monitoring of COVID-19. A systematic search was performed in 5 electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, LILACS, Scopus, and Web of Science). Studies were eligible for inclusion if they assessed the poten...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of Dental Research 2020-12, Vol.99 (13), p.1435-1443 |
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| creator | Fernandes, L.L. Pacheco, V.B. Borges, L. Athwal, H.K. de Paula Eduardo, F. Bezinelli, L. Correa, L. Jimenez, M. Dame-Teixeira, N. Lombaert, I.M.A. Heller, D. |
| description | This review presents literature that highlights saliva’s utility as a biofluid in the diagnosis and monitoring of COVID-19. A systematic search was performed in 5 electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, LILACS, Scopus, and Web of Science). Studies were eligible for inclusion if they assessed the potential diagnostic value and/or other discriminatory properties of biological markers in the saliva of patients with COVID-19. As of July 22, 2020, a total of 28 studies have investigated the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in saliva. Several of those studies confirmed reliable detection of SARS-CoV-2 in the saliva of patients with COVID-19. Saliva offered sensitivity and specificity for SARS-CoV-2 detection comparable to that of the current standard of nasopharyngeal and throat swabs. However, the utility of saliva in diagnosing COVID-19 infection remains understudied. Clinical studies with larger patient populations that measure recordings at different stages during the disease are still necessary to confirm the accuracy of COVID-19 diagnosis with saliva. Nevertheless, the utility of saliva as a diagnostic tool opens the possibility of using rapid and less invasive diagnostic strategies by targeting bioanalytes rather than the pathogen. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1177/0022034520960070 |
| format | Article |
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A systematic search was performed in 5 electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, LILACS, Scopus, and Web of Science). Studies were eligible for inclusion if they assessed the potential diagnostic value and/or other discriminatory properties of biological markers in the saliva of patients with COVID-19. As of July 22, 2020, a total of 28 studies have investigated the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in saliva. Several of those studies confirmed reliable detection of SARS-CoV-2 in the saliva of patients with COVID-19. Saliva offered sensitivity and specificity for SARS-CoV-2 detection comparable to that of the current standard of nasopharyngeal and throat swabs. However, the utility of saliva in diagnosing COVID-19 infection remains understudied. Clinical studies with larger patient populations that measure recordings at different stages during the disease are still necessary to confirm the accuracy of COVID-19 diagnosis with saliva. Nevertheless, the utility of saliva as a diagnostic tool opens the possibility of using rapid and less invasive diagnostic strategies by targeting bioanalytes rather than the pathogen.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0022-0345</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1544-0591</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1177/0022034520960070</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32936047</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Los Angeles, CA: SAGE Publications</publisher><subject>Biomarkers ; Clinical Laboratory Techniques ; Coronaviruses ; COVID-19 ; COVID-19 - diagnosis ; Dentistry ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Medical diagnosis ; Population studies ; Ribonucleic acid ; RNA ; RNA, Viral - isolation & purification ; Saliva ; Saliva - virology ; SARS-CoV-2 - isolation & purification ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2</subject><ispartof>Journal of Dental Research, 2020-12, Vol.99 (13), p.1435-1443</ispartof><rights>International & American Associations for Dental Research 2020</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c473t-c6c092ae72019605446d0940555e2e9b33c61dd17e296289fd4dad6c80ad33173</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c473t-c6c092ae72019605446d0940555e2e9b33c61dd17e296289fd4dad6c80ad33173</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-5877-3482 ; 0000-0002-5084-8179 ; 0000-0002-0490-0036</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/0022034520960070$$EPDF$$P50$$Gsage$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0022034520960070$$EHTML$$P50$$Gsage$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>313,314,780,784,792,21818,27921,27923,27924,43620,43621</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32936047$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Fernandes, L.L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pacheco, V.B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Borges, L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Athwal, H.K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Paula Eduardo, F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bezinelli, L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Correa, L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jimenez, M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dame-Teixeira, N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lombaert, I.M.A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Heller, D.</creatorcontrib><title>Saliva in the Diagnosis of COVID-19: A Review and New Research Directions</title><title>Journal of Dental Research</title><addtitle>J Dent Res</addtitle><description>This review presents literature that highlights saliva’s utility as a biofluid in the diagnosis and monitoring of COVID-19. A systematic search was performed in 5 electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, LILACS, Scopus, and Web of Science). Studies were eligible for inclusion if they assessed the potential diagnostic value and/or other discriminatory properties of biological markers in the saliva of patients with COVID-19. As of July 22, 2020, a total of 28 studies have investigated the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in saliva. Several of those studies confirmed reliable detection of SARS-CoV-2 in the saliva of patients with COVID-19. Saliva offered sensitivity and specificity for SARS-CoV-2 detection comparable to that of the current standard of nasopharyngeal and throat swabs. However, the utility of saliva in diagnosing COVID-19 infection remains understudied. Clinical studies with larger patient populations that measure recordings at different stages during the disease are still necessary to confirm the accuracy of COVID-19 diagnosis with saliva. Nevertheless, the utility of saliva as a diagnostic tool opens the possibility of using rapid and less invasive diagnostic strategies by targeting bioanalytes rather than the pathogen.</description><subject>Biomarkers</subject><subject>Clinical Laboratory Techniques</subject><subject>Coronaviruses</subject><subject>COVID-19</subject><subject>COVID-19 - diagnosis</subject><subject>Dentistry</subject><subject>Diagnosis</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Medical diagnosis</subject><subject>Population studies</subject><subject>Ribonucleic acid</subject><subject>RNA</subject><subject>RNA, Viral - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Saliva</subject><subject>Saliva - virology</subject><subject>SARS-CoV-2 - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2</subject><issn>0022-0345</issn><issn>1544-0591</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kEtPwkAUhSdGI4juXZlJ3Lip3nl02nFHwAeJkQQf22aYuYUSaLFDMf57h4CakLi6i_Odc08OIecMrhlLkhsAzkHImINWAAkckDaLpYwg1uyQtDdytNFb5MT7GQDTPBXHpCW4Fgpk0iaDFzMv1oYWJV1NkfYLMykrX3ha5bQ3fB_0I6ZvaZeOcF3gJzWlo8_hjtCjqe00GGq0q6Iq_Sk5ys3c49nudsjb_d1r7zF6Gj4Met2nyMpErCKrLGhuMOGhjYLQVjnQEuI4Ro56LIRVzDmWINeKpzp30hmnbArGCcES0SFX29xlXX006FfZovAW53NTYtX4jEsp4sBJHdDLPXRWNXUZ2gVKccWUSlmgYEvZuvK-xjxb1sXC1F8Zg2wzc7Y_c7Bc7IKb8QLdr-Fn1wBEW8CbCf59_TfwG4F6f3s</recordid><startdate>20201201</startdate><enddate>20201201</enddate><creator>Fernandes, L.L.</creator><creator>Pacheco, V.B.</creator><creator>Borges, L.</creator><creator>Athwal, H.K.</creator><creator>de Paula Eduardo, F.</creator><creator>Bezinelli, L.</creator><creator>Correa, L.</creator><creator>Jimenez, M.</creator><creator>Dame-Teixeira, N.</creator><creator>Lombaert, I.M.A.</creator><creator>Heller, D.</creator><general>SAGE Publications</general><general>SAGE PUBLICATIONS, INC</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>U9A</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5877-3482</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5084-8179</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0490-0036</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20201201</creationdate><title>Saliva in the Diagnosis of COVID-19: A Review and New Research Directions</title><author>Fernandes, L.L. ; 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| subjects | Biomarkers Clinical Laboratory Techniques Coronaviruses COVID-19 COVID-19 - diagnosis Dentistry Diagnosis Humans Medical diagnosis Population studies Ribonucleic acid RNA RNA, Viral - isolation & purification Saliva Saliva - virology SARS-CoV-2 - isolation & purification Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 |
| title | Saliva in the Diagnosis of COVID-19: A Review and New Research Directions |
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