The feasibility of using virtual reality to induce mobility-related anxiety during turning
•We used VR to elicit mobility-related anxiety while turning at simulated height.•Peak turning velocity decreased when turning at simulated high elevations.•Participants seemed to acclimate to the height illusion after five trials.•Turning at height increased worry, tension, and mental effort, and r...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Gait & posture 2020-03, Vol.77 (NA), p.6-13 |
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| creator | Raffegeau, Tiphanie E. Fawver, Bradley Clark, Mindie Engel, Benjamin T. Young, William R. Williams, A. Mark Lohse, Keith R. Fino, Peter C. |
| description | •We used VR to elicit mobility-related anxiety while turning at simulated height.•Peak turning velocity decreased when turning at simulated high elevations.•Participants seemed to acclimate to the height illusion after five trials.•Turning at height increased worry, tension, and mental effort, and reduced confidence.•VR can safely elicit mobility-related anxiety in healthy adults during turning.
The fear of falling, or mobility-related anxiety, profoundly affects gait, but is challenging to study without risk to participants. Purpose: To determine the efficacy of using virtual reality (VR) to manipulate illusions of height and consequently, elevated mobility-related anxiety when turning. Moreover, we examined if mobility-related anxiety effects decline across time in VR environments as participants habituate. Methods: Altogether, 10 healthy participants (five women, mean (standard deviation) age = 28.5 (8.5) years) turned at self-selected and fast speeds on a 2.2 m walkway under two simulated environments: (1) ground elevation; and (2) high elevation (15 m above ground). Peak turning velocity was recorded using inertial sensors and participants rated their cognitive (i.e., worry) and somatic (i.e., tension) anxiety, confidence, and mental effort. Results: A significant Height × Speed × Trial interaction (p = 0.013) was detected for peak turning velocity. On average, the virtual height illusion decreased peak turning velocity, especially at fast speeds. At low elevation, participants decreased speed across trials, but not significantly (p = 0.381), but at high elevation, they significantly increased speed across trials (p = 0.001). At self-selected speeds, no effects were revealed (all p > 0.188) and only effects for Height were observed for fast speeds (p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2020.01.006 |
| format | Article |
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The fear of falling, or mobility-related anxiety, profoundly affects gait, but is challenging to study without risk to participants. Purpose: To determine the efficacy of using virtual reality (VR) to manipulate illusions of height and consequently, elevated mobility-related anxiety when turning. Moreover, we examined if mobility-related anxiety effects decline across time in VR environments as participants habituate. Methods: Altogether, 10 healthy participants (five women, mean (standard deviation) age = 28.5 (8.5) years) turned at self-selected and fast speeds on a 2.2 m walkway under two simulated environments: (1) ground elevation; and (2) high elevation (15 m above ground). Peak turning velocity was recorded using inertial sensors and participants rated their cognitive (i.e., worry) and somatic (i.e., tension) anxiety, confidence, and mental effort. Results: A significant Height × Speed × Trial interaction (p = 0.013) was detected for peak turning velocity. On average, the virtual height illusion decreased peak turning velocity, especially at fast speeds. At low elevation, participants decreased speed across trials, but not significantly (p = 0.381), but at high elevation, they significantly increased speed across trials (p = 0.001). At self-selected speeds, no effects were revealed (all p > 0.188) and only effects for Height were observed for fast speeds (p < 0.001). After turning at high elevation, participants reported greater cognitive (p = 0.008) and somatic anxiety (p = 0.007), reduced confidence (p = 0.021), and greater mental effort (p < 0.001) compared to the low elevation. Conclusion: VR can safely induce mobility-related anxiety during dynamic motor tasks, and habituation effects from repeated exposure should be carefully considered in experimental designs and analysis.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0966-6362</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1879-2219</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2020.01.006</identifier><identifier>PMID: 31951915</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Accidental Falls - prevention & control ; Adult ; Anxiety - diagnosis ; Anxiety - physiopathology ; Computer Simulation ; Elevation ; Fear ; Fear of falling ; Feasibility Studies ; Female ; Gait ; Humans ; Illusions ; Inertial sensor ; Male ; Mental effort ; Orientation ; Postural Balance ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Social Environment ; Turning ; Virtual Reality ; Walking Speed ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>Gait & posture, 2020-03, Vol.77 (NA), p.6-13</ispartof><rights>2020 Elsevier B.V.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c449t-d47014d032f54e5f1f7641e3f3bbd7998c57dc87e8cf6038c909c0943a8520c73</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c449t-d47014d032f54e5f1f7641e3f3bbd7998c57dc87e8cf6038c909c0943a8520c73</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0966636220300072$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3537,27901,27902,65534</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31951915$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Raffegeau, Tiphanie E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fawver, Bradley</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Clark, Mindie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Engel, Benjamin T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Young, William R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Williams, A. Mark</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lohse, Keith R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fino, Peter C.</creatorcontrib><title>The feasibility of using virtual reality to induce mobility-related anxiety during turning</title><title>Gait & posture</title><addtitle>Gait Posture</addtitle><description>•We used VR to elicit mobility-related anxiety while turning at simulated height.•Peak turning velocity decreased when turning at simulated high elevations.•Participants seemed to acclimate to the height illusion after five trials.•Turning at height increased worry, tension, and mental effort, and reduced confidence.•VR can safely elicit mobility-related anxiety in healthy adults during turning.
The fear of falling, or mobility-related anxiety, profoundly affects gait, but is challenging to study without risk to participants. Purpose: To determine the efficacy of using virtual reality (VR) to manipulate illusions of height and consequently, elevated mobility-related anxiety when turning. Moreover, we examined if mobility-related anxiety effects decline across time in VR environments as participants habituate. Methods: Altogether, 10 healthy participants (five women, mean (standard deviation) age = 28.5 (8.5) years) turned at self-selected and fast speeds on a 2.2 m walkway under two simulated environments: (1) ground elevation; and (2) high elevation (15 m above ground). Peak turning velocity was recorded using inertial sensors and participants rated their cognitive (i.e., worry) and somatic (i.e., tension) anxiety, confidence, and mental effort. Results: A significant Height × Speed × Trial interaction (p = 0.013) was detected for peak turning velocity. On average, the virtual height illusion decreased peak turning velocity, especially at fast speeds. At low elevation, participants decreased speed across trials, but not significantly (p = 0.381), but at high elevation, they significantly increased speed across trials (p = 0.001). At self-selected speeds, no effects were revealed (all p > 0.188) and only effects for Height were observed for fast speeds (p < 0.001). After turning at high elevation, participants reported greater cognitive (p = 0.008) and somatic anxiety (p = 0.007), reduced confidence (p = 0.021), and greater mental effort (p < 0.001) compared to the low elevation. Conclusion: VR can safely induce mobility-related anxiety during dynamic motor tasks, and habituation effects from repeated exposure should be carefully considered in experimental designs and analysis.</description><subject>Accidental Falls - prevention & control</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Anxiety - diagnosis</subject><subject>Anxiety - physiopathology</subject><subject>Computer Simulation</subject><subject>Elevation</subject><subject>Fear</subject><subject>Fear of falling</subject><subject>Feasibility Studies</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Gait</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Illusions</subject><subject>Inertial sensor</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Mental effort</subject><subject>Orientation</subject><subject>Postural Balance</subject><subject>Range of Motion, Articular</subject><subject>Social Environment</subject><subject>Turning</subject><subject>Virtual Reality</subject><subject>Walking Speed</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>0966-6362</issn><issn>1879-2219</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkTtPxDAQhC0EguPxF1BKmoT1I07cgRAvCYkGGhrLZ6_Bp1xy2A7i_j05DmippthvdqQZQk4pVBSoPF9Urybk1ZByxYBBBbQCkDtkRttGlYxRtUtmoKQsJZfsgBymtAAAwVu2Tw44VTVVtJ6Rl6c3LDyaFOahC3ldDL4YU-hfi48Q82i6IqL5PuShCL0bLRbLYcuWETuT0RWm_ww4IW6MG2ceYz_pMdnzpkt48qNH5Pnm-unqrnx4vL2_unworRAql040QIUDznwtsPbUN1JQ5J7P565RqrV142zbYGu9BN5aBcqCEty0NQPb8CNytv27isP7iCnrZUgWu870OIxJMyFAiKkW9T_KBZW0kTWbULlFbRxSiuj1KoaliWtNQW8m0Av9O4HeTKCB6mmCyXj6kzHOl-j-bL-dT8DFFsCplI-AUScbsLfoQkSbtRvCfxlfOeWbwg</recordid><startdate>20200301</startdate><enddate>20200301</enddate><creator>Raffegeau, Tiphanie E.</creator><creator>Fawver, Bradley</creator><creator>Clark, Mindie</creator><creator>Engel, Benjamin T.</creator><creator>Young, William R.</creator><creator>Williams, A. Mark</creator><creator>Lohse, Keith R.</creator><creator>Fino, Peter C.</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20200301</creationdate><title>The feasibility of using virtual reality to induce mobility-related anxiety during turning</title><author>Raffegeau, Tiphanie E. ; Fawver, Bradley ; Clark, Mindie ; Engel, Benjamin T. ; Young, William R. ; Williams, A. Mark ; Lohse, Keith R. ; Fino, Peter C.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c449t-d47014d032f54e5f1f7641e3f3bbd7998c57dc87e8cf6038c909c0943a8520c73</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Accidental Falls - prevention & control</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Anxiety - diagnosis</topic><topic>Anxiety - physiopathology</topic><topic>Computer Simulation</topic><topic>Elevation</topic><topic>Fear</topic><topic>Fear of falling</topic><topic>Feasibility Studies</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Gait</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Illusions</topic><topic>Inertial sensor</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Mental effort</topic><topic>Orientation</topic><topic>Postural Balance</topic><topic>Range of Motion, Articular</topic><topic>Social Environment</topic><topic>Turning</topic><topic>Virtual Reality</topic><topic>Walking Speed</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Raffegeau, Tiphanie E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fawver, Bradley</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Clark, Mindie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Engel, Benjamin T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Young, William R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Williams, A. Mark</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lohse, Keith R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fino, Peter C.</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Gait & posture</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Raffegeau, Tiphanie E.</au><au>Fawver, Bradley</au><au>Clark, Mindie</au><au>Engel, Benjamin T.</au><au>Young, William R.</au><au>Williams, A. Mark</au><au>Lohse, Keith R.</au><au>Fino, Peter C.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The feasibility of using virtual reality to induce mobility-related anxiety during turning</atitle><jtitle>Gait & posture</jtitle><addtitle>Gait Posture</addtitle><date>2020-03-01</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>77</volume><issue>NA</issue><spage>6</spage><epage>13</epage><pages>6-13</pages><issn>0966-6362</issn><eissn>1879-2219</eissn><abstract>•We used VR to elicit mobility-related anxiety while turning at simulated height.•Peak turning velocity decreased when turning at simulated high elevations.•Participants seemed to acclimate to the height illusion after five trials.•Turning at height increased worry, tension, and mental effort, and reduced confidence.•VR can safely elicit mobility-related anxiety in healthy adults during turning.
The fear of falling, or mobility-related anxiety, profoundly affects gait, but is challenging to study without risk to participants. Purpose: To determine the efficacy of using virtual reality (VR) to manipulate illusions of height and consequently, elevated mobility-related anxiety when turning. Moreover, we examined if mobility-related anxiety effects decline across time in VR environments as participants habituate. Methods: Altogether, 10 healthy participants (five women, mean (standard deviation) age = 28.5 (8.5) years) turned at self-selected and fast speeds on a 2.2 m walkway under two simulated environments: (1) ground elevation; and (2) high elevation (15 m above ground). Peak turning velocity was recorded using inertial sensors and participants rated their cognitive (i.e., worry) and somatic (i.e., tension) anxiety, confidence, and mental effort. Results: A significant Height × Speed × Trial interaction (p = 0.013) was detected for peak turning velocity. On average, the virtual height illusion decreased peak turning velocity, especially at fast speeds. At low elevation, participants decreased speed across trials, but not significantly (p = 0.381), but at high elevation, they significantly increased speed across trials (p = 0.001). At self-selected speeds, no effects were revealed (all p > 0.188) and only effects for Height were observed for fast speeds (p < 0.001). After turning at high elevation, participants reported greater cognitive (p = 0.008) and somatic anxiety (p = 0.007), reduced confidence (p = 0.021), and greater mental effort (p < 0.001) compared to the low elevation. Conclusion: VR can safely induce mobility-related anxiety during dynamic motor tasks, and habituation effects from repeated exposure should be carefully considered in experimental designs and analysis.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><pmid>31951915</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.gaitpost.2020.01.006</doi><tpages>8</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals |
| subjects | Accidental Falls - prevention & control Adult Anxiety - diagnosis Anxiety - physiopathology Computer Simulation Elevation Fear Fear of falling Feasibility Studies Female Gait Humans Illusions Inertial sensor Male Mental effort Orientation Postural Balance Range of Motion, Articular Social Environment Turning Virtual Reality Walking Speed Young Adult |
| title | The feasibility of using virtual reality to induce mobility-related anxiety during turning |
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