Processes and characteristics of hydrogeochemical variations between unconfined and confined aquifer systems: a case study of the Nakdong River Basin in Busan City, Korea
This study is to assess the hydrogeochemical characteristics of groundwater at the deltaic region of the Nakdong River Basin in the Busan Metropolitan City of Korea. The study area is covered by the Quaternary sedimentary deposits and the Cretaceous granites associated with unconformity. The thick s...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Environmental science and pollution research international 2020-03, Vol.27 (9), p.10087-10102 |
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| creator | Chung, Sang Yong Rajendran, Rajesh Senapathi, Venkatramanan Sekar, Selvam Ranganathan, Paramasivam Chellamuthu Oh, Yun Yeong Elzain, Hussam Eldin |
| description | This study is to assess the hydrogeochemical characteristics of groundwater at the deltaic region of the Nakdong River Basin in the Busan Metropolitan City of Korea. The study area is covered by the Quaternary sedimentary deposits and the Cretaceous granites associated with unconformity. The thick sedimentary deposits consists of two aquifers, i.e., unconfined and confined aquifers on the basis of clay deposit. Groundwater samples were collected from seven boreholes: two from unconfined aquifer and five from confined aquifer systems during the wet season of 2017 year. ORP and DO indicates that the groundwater of the unconfined aquifer exists in the oxidization condition and that of the confined aquifer pertains in the reduction condition. Piper’s trilinear diagram shows CaSO
4
type for groundwater of the unconfined aquifer, and NaCl type for that of the confined aquifer. Ionic concentrations of groundwater increase in the confined aquifer because of direct and reverse ion exchange processes. Carbonate weathering and evaporation are other mechanisms in the water-rock interaction. Saturation indices of dolomite and calcite are observed as oversaturated, while halite reveals undersaturation. Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) exhibits that cluster 1 and cluster 2 represents the properties of groundwater in unconfined and confined aquifers, respectively. Factor analysis shows that groundwater of the confined aquifer is much influenced by seawater, and includes heavy metals of iron and aluminum. Groundwater samples in unconfined and confined aquifers are located at the rock weathering and evaporation zones in the Gibbs diagram. Inverse geochemical modeling of PHREEQC code suggests that carbonate dissolution and ion exchange of major ions are the prevailing geochemical processes. This comprehensive research provides the distinguished hydrogeochemical characteristics of groundwater in confined and unconfined aquifer systems of the Nakdong River Basin in Busan City, Korea. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s11356-019-07451-6 |
| format | Article |
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4
type for groundwater of the unconfined aquifer, and NaCl type for that of the confined aquifer. Ionic concentrations of groundwater increase in the confined aquifer because of direct and reverse ion exchange processes. Carbonate weathering and evaporation are other mechanisms in the water-rock interaction. Saturation indices of dolomite and calcite are observed as oversaturated, while halite reveals undersaturation. Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) exhibits that cluster 1 and cluster 2 represents the properties of groundwater in unconfined and confined aquifers, respectively. Factor analysis shows that groundwater of the confined aquifer is much influenced by seawater, and includes heavy metals of iron and aluminum. Groundwater samples in unconfined and confined aquifers are located at the rock weathering and evaporation zones in the Gibbs diagram. Inverse geochemical modeling of PHREEQC code suggests that carbonate dissolution and ion exchange of major ions are the prevailing geochemical processes. This comprehensive research provides the distinguished hydrogeochemical characteristics of groundwater in confined and unconfined aquifer systems of the Nakdong River Basin in Busan City, Korea.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0944-1344</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1614-7499</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-07451-6</identifier><identifier>PMID: 31933072</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Acetylcholinesterase ; Aluminum ; Aquatic Pollution ; Aquifer systems ; Aquifers ; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution ; Boreholes ; Calcite ; carbonates ; case studies ; Chemical analysis ; clay ; Cluster analysis ; confined aquifer ; Confined aquifers ; Confined groundwater ; Cretaceous ; Cretaceous period ; Dolomite ; Earth and Environmental Science ; Ecosystem structure ; Ecotoxicology ; Environment ; Environmental Chemistry ; Environmental Health ; Environmental science ; Evaporation ; factor analysis ; Fresh water ; Freshwater ecosystems ; Fungicides ; Geochemistry ; Groundwater ; Heavy metals ; hydrogeochemistry ; Insecticides ; Invertebrates ; Ion exchange ; iron ; Korean Peninsula ; Oxidation ; Pesticides ; Rainy season ; Research Article ; Risk assessment ; River basins ; Rivers ; Rocks ; Saturation index ; Seawater ; Shrimps ; Sodium chloride ; Species ; Toxicity ; unconfined aquifer ; Unconfined aquifers ; Unconformity ; Waste Water Technology ; Water analysis ; Water Management ; Water Pollution Control ; Water sampling ; watersheds ; Weathering ; wet season ; γ-Aminobutyric acid</subject><ispartof>Environmental science and pollution research international, 2020-03, Vol.27 (9), p.10087-10102</ispartof><rights>Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020</rights><rights>Environmental Science and Pollution Research is a copyright of Springer, (2020). All Rights Reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c445t-c243499f7c8cce431f8e40d4d644b6b542d3bf165f37cc0867835248a14dc3fb3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c445t-c243499f7c8cce431f8e40d4d644b6b542d3bf165f37cc0867835248a14dc3fb3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-1698-1101</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11356-019-07451-6$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11356-019-07451-6$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31933072$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Chung, Sang Yong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rajendran, Rajesh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Senapathi, Venkatramanan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sekar, Selvam</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ranganathan, Paramasivam Chellamuthu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oh, Yun Yeong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Elzain, Hussam Eldin</creatorcontrib><title>Processes and characteristics of hydrogeochemical variations between unconfined and confined aquifer systems: a case study of the Nakdong River Basin in Busan City, Korea</title><title>Environmental science and pollution research international</title><addtitle>Environ Sci Pollut Res</addtitle><addtitle>Environ Sci Pollut Res Int</addtitle><description>This study is to assess the hydrogeochemical characteristics of groundwater at the deltaic region of the Nakdong River Basin in the Busan Metropolitan City of Korea. The study area is covered by the Quaternary sedimentary deposits and the Cretaceous granites associated with unconformity. The thick sedimentary deposits consists of two aquifers, i.e., unconfined and confined aquifers on the basis of clay deposit. Groundwater samples were collected from seven boreholes: two from unconfined aquifer and five from confined aquifer systems during the wet season of 2017 year. ORP and DO indicates that the groundwater of the unconfined aquifer exists in the oxidization condition and that of the confined aquifer pertains in the reduction condition. Piper’s trilinear diagram shows CaSO
4
type for groundwater of the unconfined aquifer, and NaCl type for that of the confined aquifer. Ionic concentrations of groundwater increase in the confined aquifer because of direct and reverse ion exchange processes. Carbonate weathering and evaporation are other mechanisms in the water-rock interaction. Saturation indices of dolomite and calcite are observed as oversaturated, while halite reveals undersaturation. Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) exhibits that cluster 1 and cluster 2 represents the properties of groundwater in unconfined and confined aquifers, respectively. Factor analysis shows that groundwater of the confined aquifer is much influenced by seawater, and includes heavy metals of iron and aluminum. Groundwater samples in unconfined and confined aquifers are located at the rock weathering and evaporation zones in the Gibbs diagram. Inverse geochemical modeling of PHREEQC code suggests that carbonate dissolution and ion exchange of major ions are the prevailing geochemical processes. This comprehensive research provides the distinguished hydrogeochemical characteristics of groundwater in confined and unconfined aquifer systems of the Nakdong River Basin in Busan City, Korea.</description><subject>Acetylcholinesterase</subject><subject>Aluminum</subject><subject>Aquatic Pollution</subject><subject>Aquifer systems</subject><subject>Aquifers</subject><subject>Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution</subject><subject>Boreholes</subject><subject>Calcite</subject><subject>carbonates</subject><subject>case studies</subject><subject>Chemical analysis</subject><subject>clay</subject><subject>Cluster analysis</subject><subject>confined aquifer</subject><subject>Confined aquifers</subject><subject>Confined groundwater</subject><subject>Cretaceous</subject><subject>Cretaceous period</subject><subject>Dolomite</subject><subject>Earth and Environmental Science</subject><subject>Ecosystem structure</subject><subject>Ecotoxicology</subject><subject>Environment</subject><subject>Environmental Chemistry</subject><subject>Environmental Health</subject><subject>Environmental science</subject><subject>Evaporation</subject><subject>factor analysis</subject><subject>Fresh water</subject><subject>Freshwater ecosystems</subject><subject>Fungicides</subject><subject>Geochemistry</subject><subject>Groundwater</subject><subject>Heavy metals</subject><subject>hydrogeochemistry</subject><subject>Insecticides</subject><subject>Invertebrates</subject><subject>Ion exchange</subject><subject>iron</subject><subject>Korean Peninsula</subject><subject>Oxidation</subject><subject>Pesticides</subject><subject>Rainy season</subject><subject>Research Article</subject><subject>Risk assessment</subject><subject>River basins</subject><subject>Rivers</subject><subject>Rocks</subject><subject>Saturation index</subject><subject>Seawater</subject><subject>Shrimps</subject><subject>Sodium chloride</subject><subject>Species</subject><subject>Toxicity</subject><subject>unconfined aquifer</subject><subject>Unconfined aquifers</subject><subject>Unconformity</subject><subject>Waste Water Technology</subject><subject>Water analysis</subject><subject>Water Management</subject><subject>Water Pollution Control</subject><subject>Water sampling</subject><subject>watersheds</subject><subject>Weathering</subject><subject>wet season</subject><subject>γ-Aminobutyric 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and characteristics of hydrogeochemical variations between unconfined and confined aquifer systems: a case study of the Nakdong River Basin in Busan City, Korea</title><author>Chung, Sang Yong ; Rajendran, Rajesh ; Senapathi, Venkatramanan ; Sekar, Selvam ; Ranganathan, Paramasivam Chellamuthu ; Oh, Yun Yeong ; Elzain, Hussam Eldin</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c445t-c243499f7c8cce431f8e40d4d644b6b542d3bf165f37cc0867835248a14dc3fb3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Acetylcholinesterase</topic><topic>Aluminum</topic><topic>Aquatic Pollution</topic><topic>Aquifer systems</topic><topic>Aquifers</topic><topic>Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution</topic><topic>Boreholes</topic><topic>Calcite</topic><topic>carbonates</topic><topic>case studies</topic><topic>Chemical analysis</topic><topic>clay</topic><topic>Cluster analysis</topic><topic>confined aquifer</topic><topic>Confined aquifers</topic><topic>Confined groundwater</topic><topic>Cretaceous</topic><topic>Cretaceous period</topic><topic>Dolomite</topic><topic>Earth and Environmental Science</topic><topic>Ecosystem structure</topic><topic>Ecotoxicology</topic><topic>Environment</topic><topic>Environmental Chemistry</topic><topic>Environmental Health</topic><topic>Environmental science</topic><topic>Evaporation</topic><topic>factor analysis</topic><topic>Fresh water</topic><topic>Freshwater ecosystems</topic><topic>Fungicides</topic><topic>Geochemistry</topic><topic>Groundwater</topic><topic>Heavy metals</topic><topic>hydrogeochemistry</topic><topic>Insecticides</topic><topic>Invertebrates</topic><topic>Ion exchange</topic><topic>iron</topic><topic>Korean Peninsula</topic><topic>Oxidation</topic><topic>Pesticides</topic><topic>Rainy season</topic><topic>Research Article</topic><topic>Risk assessment</topic><topic>River basins</topic><topic>Rivers</topic><topic>Rocks</topic><topic>Saturation index</topic><topic>Seawater</topic><topic>Shrimps</topic><topic>Sodium chloride</topic><topic>Species</topic><topic>Toxicity</topic><topic>unconfined aquifer</topic><topic>Unconfined aquifers</topic><topic>Unconformity</topic><topic>Waste Water Technology</topic><topic>Water analysis</topic><topic>Water Management</topic><topic>Water Pollution Control</topic><topic>Water sampling</topic><topic>watersheds</topic><topic>Weathering</topic><topic>wet season</topic><topic>γ-Aminobutyric acid</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Chung, Sang Yong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rajendran, Rajesh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Senapathi, Venkatramanan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sekar, Selvam</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ranganathan, Paramasivam Chellamuthu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oh, Yun Yeong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Elzain, Hussam 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systems: a case study of the Nakdong River Basin in Busan City, Korea</atitle><jtitle>Environmental science and pollution research international</jtitle><stitle>Environ Sci Pollut Res</stitle><addtitle>Environ Sci Pollut Res Int</addtitle><date>2020-03-01</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>27</volume><issue>9</issue><spage>10087</spage><epage>10102</epage><pages>10087-10102</pages><issn>0944-1344</issn><eissn>1614-7499</eissn><abstract>This study is to assess the hydrogeochemical characteristics of groundwater at the deltaic region of the Nakdong River Basin in the Busan Metropolitan City of Korea. The study area is covered by the Quaternary sedimentary deposits and the Cretaceous granites associated with unconformity. The thick sedimentary deposits consists of two aquifers, i.e., unconfined and confined aquifers on the basis of clay deposit. Groundwater samples were collected from seven boreholes: two from unconfined aquifer and five from confined aquifer systems during the wet season of 2017 year. ORP and DO indicates that the groundwater of the unconfined aquifer exists in the oxidization condition and that of the confined aquifer pertains in the reduction condition. Piper’s trilinear diagram shows CaSO
4
type for groundwater of the unconfined aquifer, and NaCl type for that of the confined aquifer. Ionic concentrations of groundwater increase in the confined aquifer because of direct and reverse ion exchange processes. Carbonate weathering and evaporation are other mechanisms in the water-rock interaction. Saturation indices of dolomite and calcite are observed as oversaturated, while halite reveals undersaturation. Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) exhibits that cluster 1 and cluster 2 represents the properties of groundwater in unconfined and confined aquifers, respectively. Factor analysis shows that groundwater of the confined aquifer is much influenced by seawater, and includes heavy metals of iron and aluminum. Groundwater samples in unconfined and confined aquifers are located at the rock weathering and evaporation zones in the Gibbs diagram. Inverse geochemical modeling of PHREEQC code suggests that carbonate dissolution and ion exchange of major ions are the prevailing geochemical processes. This comprehensive research provides the distinguished hydrogeochemical characteristics of groundwater in confined and unconfined aquifer systems of the Nakdong River Basin in Busan City, Korea.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><pmid>31933072</pmid><doi>10.1007/s11356-019-07451-6</doi><tpages>16</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1698-1101</orcidid></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0944-1344 |
| ispartof | Environmental science and pollution research international, 2020-03, Vol.27 (9), p.10087-10102 |
| issn | 0944-1344 1614-7499 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2431849655 |
| source | SpringerLink (Online service) |
| subjects | Acetylcholinesterase Aluminum Aquatic Pollution Aquifer systems Aquifers Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution Boreholes Calcite carbonates case studies Chemical analysis clay Cluster analysis confined aquifer Confined aquifers Confined groundwater Cretaceous Cretaceous period Dolomite Earth and Environmental Science Ecosystem structure Ecotoxicology Environment Environmental Chemistry Environmental Health Environmental science Evaporation factor analysis Fresh water Freshwater ecosystems Fungicides Geochemistry Groundwater Heavy metals hydrogeochemistry Insecticides Invertebrates Ion exchange iron Korean Peninsula Oxidation Pesticides Rainy season Research Article Risk assessment River basins Rivers Rocks Saturation index Seawater Shrimps Sodium chloride Species Toxicity unconfined aquifer Unconfined aquifers Unconformity Waste Water Technology Water analysis Water Management Water Pollution Control Water sampling watersheds Weathering wet season γ-Aminobutyric acid |
| title | Processes and characteristics of hydrogeochemical variations between unconfined and confined aquifer systems: a case study of the Nakdong River Basin in Busan City, Korea |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-02-11T18%3A02%3A46IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Processes%20and%20characteristics%20of%20hydrogeochemical%20variations%20between%20unconfined%20and%20confined%20aquifer%20systems:%20a%20case%20study%20of%20the%20Nakdong%20River%20Basin%20in%20Busan%20City,%20Korea&rft.jtitle=Environmental%20science%20and%20pollution%20research%20international&rft.au=Chung,%20Sang%20Yong&rft.date=2020-03-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=10087&rft.epage=10102&rft.pages=10087-10102&rft.issn=0944-1344&rft.eissn=1614-7499&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007/s11356-019-07451-6&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E2043102506%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2043102506&rft_id=info:pmid/31933072&rfr_iscdi=true |