Impact of IL28B gene polymorphism on efficacy and safety of direct acting antivirals in hepatitis C Egyptian patients
Background Hepatitis C virus infection is one of the major causes of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma worldwide. IL28B gene polymorphism has a direct relation to the response of interferon-based regimens. However, the effect of IL28B gene polymorphism on efficacy of the new direct acting...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | International journal of clinical pharmacy 2020-08, Vol.42 (4), p.1207-1216 |
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| creator | Ebid, Abdel-Hameed Ibrahim Mohamed Ahmed, Ossama Ashraf Agwa, Sara Hassan Abdel-Motaleb, Sara Mohamed Hagag, Radwa Samir |
| description | Background
Hepatitis C virus infection is one of the major causes of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma worldwide. IL28B gene polymorphism has a direct relation to the response of interferon-based regimens. However, the effect of IL28B gene polymorphism on efficacy of the new direct acting antivirals used in treatment of chronic hepatitis C Egyptian patients hasn’t been studied yet.
Objective
This study aimed to investigate the frequency of IL28B genotypes and impact of its polymorphism on the efficacy and safety of two direct acting antiviral regimens.
Setting
Patients were recruited form faculty of Medicine Ain shams research institute, Cairo, Egypt.
Methods
Easy to treat chronic hepatitis C Egyptian patients were included in this prospective study. Patients were randomized into two groups, group 1 received sofosbuvir plus daclatasvir and group 2 received paritaprevir, ombitasvir and ritonavir plus ribavirin. Both treatment regimens were given for 3 months. Laboratory evaluation and IL28B rs 12979860 genotyping were performed at baseline. Follow ups were performed monthly. Fibrosis was assessed at baseline and after treatment.
Main outcome measures
The frequency of IL28B genotypes and their correlation with safety and efficacy of direct acting antiviral regimens.
Results
CT genotype was present in 52.42% of patients while CC and TT genotypes were present in 28.16% and 19.42% of patients, respectively. IL28B genotypes weren’t correlated to sustained virologic response in both treatment groups. Baseline fibroscan scores didn’t show any significant relations with IL28B genotypes. Aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase ratio increased significantly at the end of treatment in group1. CC genotype had shown higher ratio values at the end of treatment in Group 2.
Conclusion
CT genotype is the predominant genotype in easy to treat HCV Egyptian patients. IL28B genotypes hasn’t any predictive value on the efficacy or the safety of direct acting antiviral regimens. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s11096-020-01085-2 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2427524938</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2427524938</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c375t-8f28d9617d99c2e85cd5cde79ceda0cdd8e38f573021b88e56590adb13d26f613</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kV1rHCEUhqW0NCHNH-hFEXLTm0n8GEfnMl3SZGEhN-21uHrcGHaciTqF-fdxu_mAXlQE5ZznfT34IvSVkktKiLzKlJK-awgjDaFEiYZ9QKeMUdJISenHtzvhJ-g850dSV9sxKtrP6IQzSZlS7Sma18NkbMGjx-sNUz_wDiLgadwvw5imh5AHPEYM3gdr7IJNdDgbD2U5KFxIULVVH-Ku9kr4E5LZZxwifoDJlFBCxit8s1umEkzEhxLEkr-gT75ycP5ynqHfP29-re6azf3tenW9aSyXojTKM-X6jkrX95aBEtbVDbK34AyxzingygvJCaNbpUB0oifGbSl3rPMd5Wfo-9F3SuPTDLnoIWQL-72JMM5Zs5ZJwdqeq4pe_IM-jnOKdbpKtUS0pH51pdiRsmnMOYHXUwqDSYumRB9y0cdcdIX131w0q6JvL9bzdgD3JnlNoQL8COTaijtI72__x_YZ7XGX-A</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2440540020</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Impact of IL28B gene polymorphism on efficacy and safety of direct acting antivirals in hepatitis C Egyptian patients</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Springer Nature - Complete Springer Journals</source><creator>Ebid, Abdel-Hameed Ibrahim Mohamed ; Ahmed, Ossama Ashraf ; Agwa, Sara Hassan ; Abdel-Motaleb, Sara Mohamed ; Hagag, Radwa Samir</creator><creatorcontrib>Ebid, Abdel-Hameed Ibrahim Mohamed ; Ahmed, Ossama Ashraf ; Agwa, Sara Hassan ; Abdel-Motaleb, Sara Mohamed ; Hagag, Radwa Samir</creatorcontrib><description>Background
Hepatitis C virus infection is one of the major causes of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma worldwide. IL28B gene polymorphism has a direct relation to the response of interferon-based regimens. However, the effect of IL28B gene polymorphism on efficacy of the new direct acting antivirals used in treatment of chronic hepatitis C Egyptian patients hasn’t been studied yet.
Objective
This study aimed to investigate the frequency of IL28B genotypes and impact of its polymorphism on the efficacy and safety of two direct acting antiviral regimens.
Setting
Patients were recruited form faculty of Medicine Ain shams research institute, Cairo, Egypt.
Methods
Easy to treat chronic hepatitis C Egyptian patients were included in this prospective study. Patients were randomized into two groups, group 1 received sofosbuvir plus daclatasvir and group 2 received paritaprevir, ombitasvir and ritonavir plus ribavirin. Both treatment regimens were given for 3 months. Laboratory evaluation and IL28B rs 12979860 genotyping were performed at baseline. Follow ups were performed monthly. Fibrosis was assessed at baseline and after treatment.
Main outcome measures
The frequency of IL28B genotypes and their correlation with safety and efficacy of direct acting antiviral regimens.
Results
CT genotype was present in 52.42% of patients while CC and TT genotypes were present in 28.16% and 19.42% of patients, respectively. IL28B genotypes weren’t correlated to sustained virologic response in both treatment groups. Baseline fibroscan scores didn’t show any significant relations with IL28B genotypes. Aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase ratio increased significantly at the end of treatment in group1. CC genotype had shown higher ratio values at the end of treatment in Group 2.
Conclusion
CT genotype is the predominant genotype in easy to treat HCV Egyptian patients. IL28B genotypes hasn’t any predictive value on the efficacy or the safety of direct acting antiviral regimens.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2210-7703</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2210-7711</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s11096-020-01085-2</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32712884</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cham: Springer International Publishing</publisher><subject>Adult ; Alanine ; Alanine transaminase ; Antiviral agents ; Antiviral Agents - administration & dosage ; Antiviral Agents - adverse effects ; Antiviral drugs ; Aspartate aminotransferase ; Cirrhosis ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Egypt ; Female ; Fibrosis ; Gene polymorphism ; Genotype ; Genotype & phenotype ; Genotyping ; Hepacivirus - genetics ; Hepatitis C ; Hepatitis C, Chronic - drug therapy ; Hepatitis C, Chronic - virology ; Hepatocellular carcinoma ; Humans ; Interferon ; Interferons - genetics ; Internal Medicine ; Liver cirrhosis ; Liver Cirrhosis - drug therapy ; Liver Cirrhosis - virology ; Male ; Medicine ; Medicine & Public Health ; Middle Aged ; Pharmacy ; Polymorphism ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Prospective Studies ; Research Article ; Ribavirin ; Ritonavir ; Safety ; Treatment Outcome</subject><ispartof>International journal of clinical pharmacy, 2020-08, Vol.42 (4), p.1207-1216</ispartof><rights>Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020</rights><rights>Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c375t-8f28d9617d99c2e85cd5cde79ceda0cdd8e38f573021b88e56590adb13d26f613</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c375t-8f28d9617d99c2e85cd5cde79ceda0cdd8e38f573021b88e56590adb13d26f613</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-9072-0815 ; 0000-0002-8716-9647 ; 0000-0002-2382-0189 ; 0000-0002-6443-1622 ; 0000-0003-0836-3706</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11096-020-01085-2$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11096-020-01085-2$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,778,782,27913,27914,41477,42546,51308</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32712884$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Ebid, Abdel-Hameed Ibrahim Mohamed</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ahmed, Ossama Ashraf</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Agwa, Sara Hassan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abdel-Motaleb, Sara Mohamed</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hagag, Radwa Samir</creatorcontrib><title>Impact of IL28B gene polymorphism on efficacy and safety of direct acting antivirals in hepatitis C Egyptian patients</title><title>International journal of clinical pharmacy</title><addtitle>Int J Clin Pharm</addtitle><addtitle>Int J Clin Pharm</addtitle><description>Background
Hepatitis C virus infection is one of the major causes of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma worldwide. IL28B gene polymorphism has a direct relation to the response of interferon-based regimens. However, the effect of IL28B gene polymorphism on efficacy of the new direct acting antivirals used in treatment of chronic hepatitis C Egyptian patients hasn’t been studied yet.
Objective
This study aimed to investigate the frequency of IL28B genotypes and impact of its polymorphism on the efficacy and safety of two direct acting antiviral regimens.
Setting
Patients were recruited form faculty of Medicine Ain shams research institute, Cairo, Egypt.
Methods
Easy to treat chronic hepatitis C Egyptian patients were included in this prospective study. Patients were randomized into two groups, group 1 received sofosbuvir plus daclatasvir and group 2 received paritaprevir, ombitasvir and ritonavir plus ribavirin. Both treatment regimens were given for 3 months. Laboratory evaluation and IL28B rs 12979860 genotyping were performed at baseline. Follow ups were performed monthly. Fibrosis was assessed at baseline and after treatment.
Main outcome measures
The frequency of IL28B genotypes and their correlation with safety and efficacy of direct acting antiviral regimens.
Results
CT genotype was present in 52.42% of patients while CC and TT genotypes were present in 28.16% and 19.42% of patients, respectively. IL28B genotypes weren’t correlated to sustained virologic response in both treatment groups. Baseline fibroscan scores didn’t show any significant relations with IL28B genotypes. Aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase ratio increased significantly at the end of treatment in group1. CC genotype had shown higher ratio values at the end of treatment in Group 2.
Conclusion
CT genotype is the predominant genotype in easy to treat HCV Egyptian patients. IL28B genotypes hasn’t any predictive value on the efficacy or the safety of direct acting antiviral regimens.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Alanine</subject><subject>Alanine transaminase</subject><subject>Antiviral agents</subject><subject>Antiviral Agents - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Antiviral Agents - adverse effects</subject><subject>Antiviral drugs</subject><subject>Aspartate aminotransferase</subject><subject>Cirrhosis</subject><subject>Drug Therapy, Combination</subject><subject>Egypt</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fibrosis</subject><subject>Gene polymorphism</subject><subject>Genotype</subject><subject>Genotype & phenotype</subject><subject>Genotyping</subject><subject>Hepacivirus - genetics</subject><subject>Hepatitis C</subject><subject>Hepatitis C, Chronic - drug therapy</subject><subject>Hepatitis C, Chronic - virology</subject><subject>Hepatocellular carcinoma</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Interferon</subject><subject>Interferons - genetics</subject><subject>Internal Medicine</subject><subject>Liver cirrhosis</subject><subject>Liver Cirrhosis - drug therapy</subject><subject>Liver Cirrhosis - virology</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine & Public Health</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Pharmacy</subject><subject>Polymorphism</subject><subject>Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide</subject><subject>Prospective Studies</subject><subject>Research Article</subject><subject>Ribavirin</subject><subject>Ritonavir</subject><subject>Safety</subject><subject>Treatment Outcome</subject><issn>2210-7703</issn><issn>2210-7711</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kV1rHCEUhqW0NCHNH-hFEXLTm0n8GEfnMl3SZGEhN-21uHrcGHaciTqF-fdxu_mAXlQE5ZznfT34IvSVkktKiLzKlJK-awgjDaFEiYZ9QKeMUdJISenHtzvhJ-g850dSV9sxKtrP6IQzSZlS7Sma18NkbMGjx-sNUz_wDiLgadwvw5imh5AHPEYM3gdr7IJNdDgbD2U5KFxIULVVH-Ku9kr4E5LZZxwifoDJlFBCxit8s1umEkzEhxLEkr-gT75ycP5ynqHfP29-re6azf3tenW9aSyXojTKM-X6jkrX95aBEtbVDbK34AyxzingygvJCaNbpUB0oifGbSl3rPMd5Wfo-9F3SuPTDLnoIWQL-72JMM5Zs5ZJwdqeq4pe_IM-jnOKdbpKtUS0pH51pdiRsmnMOYHXUwqDSYumRB9y0cdcdIX131w0q6JvL9bzdgD3JnlNoQL8COTaijtI72__x_YZ7XGX-A</recordid><startdate>20200801</startdate><enddate>20200801</enddate><creator>Ebid, Abdel-Hameed Ibrahim Mohamed</creator><creator>Ahmed, Ossama Ashraf</creator><creator>Agwa, Sara Hassan</creator><creator>Abdel-Motaleb, Sara Mohamed</creator><creator>Hagag, Radwa Samir</creator><general>Springer International Publishing</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9072-0815</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8716-9647</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2382-0189</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6443-1622</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0836-3706</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20200801</creationdate><title>Impact of IL28B gene polymorphism on efficacy and safety of direct acting antivirals in hepatitis C Egyptian patients</title><author>Ebid, Abdel-Hameed Ibrahim Mohamed ; Ahmed, Ossama Ashraf ; Agwa, Sara Hassan ; Abdel-Motaleb, Sara Mohamed ; Hagag, Radwa Samir</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c375t-8f28d9617d99c2e85cd5cde79ceda0cdd8e38f573021b88e56590adb13d26f613</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Alanine</topic><topic>Alanine transaminase</topic><topic>Antiviral agents</topic><topic>Antiviral Agents - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Antiviral Agents - adverse effects</topic><topic>Antiviral drugs</topic><topic>Aspartate aminotransferase</topic><topic>Cirrhosis</topic><topic>Drug Therapy, Combination</topic><topic>Egypt</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fibrosis</topic><topic>Gene polymorphism</topic><topic>Genotype</topic><topic>Genotype & phenotype</topic><topic>Genotyping</topic><topic>Hepacivirus - genetics</topic><topic>Hepatitis C</topic><topic>Hepatitis C, Chronic - drug therapy</topic><topic>Hepatitis C, Chronic - virology</topic><topic>Hepatocellular carcinoma</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Interferon</topic><topic>Interferons - genetics</topic><topic>Internal Medicine</topic><topic>Liver cirrhosis</topic><topic>Liver Cirrhosis - drug therapy</topic><topic>Liver Cirrhosis - virology</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine & Public Health</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Pharmacy</topic><topic>Polymorphism</topic><topic>Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide</topic><topic>Prospective Studies</topic><topic>Research Article</topic><topic>Ribavirin</topic><topic>Ritonavir</topic><topic>Safety</topic><topic>Treatment Outcome</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Ebid, Abdel-Hameed Ibrahim Mohamed</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ahmed, Ossama Ashraf</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Agwa, Sara Hassan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abdel-Motaleb, Sara Mohamed</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hagag, Radwa Samir</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>International journal of clinical pharmacy</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Ebid, Abdel-Hameed Ibrahim Mohamed</au><au>Ahmed, Ossama Ashraf</au><au>Agwa, Sara Hassan</au><au>Abdel-Motaleb, Sara Mohamed</au><au>Hagag, Radwa Samir</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Impact of IL28B gene polymorphism on efficacy and safety of direct acting antivirals in hepatitis C Egyptian patients</atitle><jtitle>International journal of clinical pharmacy</jtitle><stitle>Int J Clin Pharm</stitle><addtitle>Int J Clin Pharm</addtitle><date>2020-08-01</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>42</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>1207</spage><epage>1216</epage><pages>1207-1216</pages><issn>2210-7703</issn><eissn>2210-7711</eissn><abstract>Background
Hepatitis C virus infection is one of the major causes of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma worldwide. IL28B gene polymorphism has a direct relation to the response of interferon-based regimens. However, the effect of IL28B gene polymorphism on efficacy of the new direct acting antivirals used in treatment of chronic hepatitis C Egyptian patients hasn’t been studied yet.
Objective
This study aimed to investigate the frequency of IL28B genotypes and impact of its polymorphism on the efficacy and safety of two direct acting antiviral regimens.
Setting
Patients were recruited form faculty of Medicine Ain shams research institute, Cairo, Egypt.
Methods
Easy to treat chronic hepatitis C Egyptian patients were included in this prospective study. Patients were randomized into two groups, group 1 received sofosbuvir plus daclatasvir and group 2 received paritaprevir, ombitasvir and ritonavir plus ribavirin. Both treatment regimens were given for 3 months. Laboratory evaluation and IL28B rs 12979860 genotyping were performed at baseline. Follow ups were performed monthly. Fibrosis was assessed at baseline and after treatment.
Main outcome measures
The frequency of IL28B genotypes and their correlation with safety and efficacy of direct acting antiviral regimens.
Results
CT genotype was present in 52.42% of patients while CC and TT genotypes were present in 28.16% and 19.42% of patients, respectively. IL28B genotypes weren’t correlated to sustained virologic response in both treatment groups. Baseline fibroscan scores didn’t show any significant relations with IL28B genotypes. Aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase ratio increased significantly at the end of treatment in group1. CC genotype had shown higher ratio values at the end of treatment in Group 2.
Conclusion
CT genotype is the predominant genotype in easy to treat HCV Egyptian patients. IL28B genotypes hasn’t any predictive value on the efficacy or the safety of direct acting antiviral regimens.</abstract><cop>Cham</cop><pub>Springer International Publishing</pub><pmid>32712884</pmid><doi>10.1007/s11096-020-01085-2</doi><tpages>10</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9072-0815</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8716-9647</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2382-0189</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6443-1622</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0836-3706</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adult Alanine Alanine transaminase Antiviral agents Antiviral Agents - administration & dosage Antiviral Agents - adverse effects Antiviral drugs Aspartate aminotransferase Cirrhosis Drug Therapy, Combination Egypt Female Fibrosis Gene polymorphism Genotype Genotype & phenotype Genotyping Hepacivirus - genetics Hepatitis C Hepatitis C, Chronic - drug therapy Hepatitis C, Chronic - virology Hepatocellular carcinoma Humans Interferon Interferons - genetics Internal Medicine Liver cirrhosis Liver Cirrhosis - drug therapy Liver Cirrhosis - virology Male Medicine Medicine & Public Health Middle Aged Pharmacy Polymorphism Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide Prospective Studies Research Article Ribavirin Ritonavir Safety Treatment Outcome |
| title | Impact of IL28B gene polymorphism on efficacy and safety of direct acting antivirals in hepatitis C Egyptian patients |
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