How do wheat plants cope with Pyricularia oryzae infection? A physiological and metabolic approach
Main conclusion The infection of wheat leaves by Pyricularia oryzae induced remarkable reprogramming of the primary metabolism (amino acids, sugars, and organic acids) in favor of a successful fungal infection and certain changes were conserved among cultivars regardless of their level of resistance...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Planta 2020-08, Vol.252 (2), p.24-24, Article 24 |
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| creator | Aucique-Pérez, Carlos Eduardo Resende, Renata Sousa Martins, Auxiliadora Oliveira Silveira, Patricia Ricardino Cavalcanti, João Henrique Frota Vieira, Nívea Moreira Fernie, Alisdair R. Araújo, Wagner Luiz DaMatta, Fábio Murilo Rodrigues, Fabrício Ávila |
| description | Main conclusion
The infection of wheat leaves by
Pyricularia oryzae
induced remarkable reprogramming of the primary metabolism (amino acids, sugars, and organic acids) in favor of a successful fungal infection and certain changes were conserved among cultivars regardless of their level of resistance to blast.
Wheat blast, caused by
Pyricularia oryzae
, has become one of the major threats for food security worldwide. Here, we investigated the behavior of three wheat cultivars (BR-18, Embrapa-16, and BRS-Guamirim), differing in their level of resistance to blast, by analyzing changes in cellular damage, antioxidative metabolism, and defense compounds as well as their photosynthetic performance and metabolite profile. Blast severity was lower by 45 and 33% in Embrapa-16 and BR-18 cultivars (moderately resistant), respectively, at 120 h after inoculation in comparison to BRS-Guamirim cultivar (susceptible). Cellular damage caused by
P. oryzae
infection was great in BRS-Guamirim compared to BR-18. The photosynthetic performance of infected plants was altered due to diffusional and biochemical limitations for CO
2
fixation. At the beginning of the infection process, dramatic changes in both carbohydrate metabolism and on the levels of amino acids, intermediate compounds of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and polyamines were noticed regardless of cultivar suggesting an extensive metabolic reprogramming of the plants following fungal infection. Nevertheless, Embrapa-16 plants displayed a more robust and efficient antioxidant metabolism, higher phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and polyphenoloxidase activities and higher concentrations of phenolics and lignin, which, altogether, helped them to counteract more efficiently the infection by
P. oryzae
. Our results demonstrated that
P. oryzae
infection significantly modified the metabolism of wheat plants and different types of metabolic defence may act both additively and synergistically to provide additional plant protection to blast. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00425-020-03428-9 |
| format | Article |
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The infection of wheat leaves by
Pyricularia oryzae
induced remarkable reprogramming of the primary metabolism (amino acids, sugars, and organic acids) in favor of a successful fungal infection and certain changes were conserved among cultivars regardless of their level of resistance to blast.
Wheat blast, caused by
Pyricularia oryzae
, has become one of the major threats for food security worldwide. Here, we investigated the behavior of three wheat cultivars (BR-18, Embrapa-16, and BRS-Guamirim), differing in their level of resistance to blast, by analyzing changes in cellular damage, antioxidative metabolism, and defense compounds as well as their photosynthetic performance and metabolite profile. Blast severity was lower by 45 and 33% in Embrapa-16 and BR-18 cultivars (moderately resistant), respectively, at 120 h after inoculation in comparison to BRS-Guamirim cultivar (susceptible). Cellular damage caused by
P. oryzae
infection was great in BRS-Guamirim compared to BR-18. The photosynthetic performance of infected plants was altered due to diffusional and biochemical limitations for CO
2
fixation. At the beginning of the infection process, dramatic changes in both carbohydrate metabolism and on the levels of amino acids, intermediate compounds of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and polyamines were noticed regardless of cultivar suggesting an extensive metabolic reprogramming of the plants following fungal infection. Nevertheless, Embrapa-16 plants displayed a more robust and efficient antioxidant metabolism, higher phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and polyphenoloxidase activities and higher concentrations of phenolics and lignin, which, altogether, helped them to counteract more efficiently the infection by
P. oryzae
. Our results demonstrated that
P. oryzae
infection significantly modified the metabolism of wheat plants and different types of metabolic defence may act both additively and synergistically to provide additional plant protection to blast.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0032-0935</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1432-2048</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00425-020-03428-9</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32676874</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Agriculture ; Amino acids ; Ammonia ; Antioxidants ; Antioxidants - metabolism ; Ascomycota - physiology ; Biomedical and Life Sciences ; Blast ; Carbohydrate metabolism ; Carbohydrates ; Carbon dioxide ; Carbon Dioxide - metabolism ; Carbon dioxide fixation ; Cultivars ; Damage ; Ecology ; Food security ; Forestry ; Fungal infections ; Fungi ; Inoculation ; Life Sciences ; Lignin ; Metabolism ; Metabolites ; Metabolome ; Organic acids ; Original Article ; Phenols ; Phenylalanine ; Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase ; Photosynthesis ; Plant Diseases - immunology ; Plant Diseases - microbiology ; Plant Leaves - immunology ; Plant Leaves - metabolism ; Plant Leaves - microbiology ; Plant protection ; Plant Sciences ; Polyamines ; Polyphenol oxidase ; Pyricularia oryzae ; Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism ; Sugar ; Tricarboxylic acid cycle ; Triticum - immunology ; Triticum - metabolism ; Triticum - microbiology ; Wheat</subject><ispartof>Planta, 2020-08, Vol.252 (2), p.24-24, Article 24</ispartof><rights>Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020</rights><rights>Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c2909-94d7efb05b36e55b2b1bfa4b546f4fde94accd389dc37d118a2d1ea262bd8cb43</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c2909-94d7efb05b36e55b2b1bfa4b546f4fde94accd389dc37d118a2d1ea262bd8cb43</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-3091-0000</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00425-020-03428-9$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00425-020-03428-9$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32676874$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Aucique-Pérez, Carlos Eduardo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Resende, Renata Sousa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Martins, Auxiliadora Oliveira</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Silveira, Patricia Ricardino</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cavalcanti, João Henrique Frota</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vieira, Nívea Moreira</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fernie, Alisdair R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Araújo, Wagner Luiz</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>DaMatta, Fábio Murilo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rodrigues, Fabrício Ávila</creatorcontrib><title>How do wheat plants cope with Pyricularia oryzae infection? A physiological and metabolic approach</title><title>Planta</title><addtitle>Planta</addtitle><addtitle>Planta</addtitle><description>Main conclusion
The infection of wheat leaves by
Pyricularia oryzae
induced remarkable reprogramming of the primary metabolism (amino acids, sugars, and organic acids) in favor of a successful fungal infection and certain changes were conserved among cultivars regardless of their level of resistance to blast.
Wheat blast, caused by
Pyricularia oryzae
, has become one of the major threats for food security worldwide. Here, we investigated the behavior of three wheat cultivars (BR-18, Embrapa-16, and BRS-Guamirim), differing in their level of resistance to blast, by analyzing changes in cellular damage, antioxidative metabolism, and defense compounds as well as their photosynthetic performance and metabolite profile. Blast severity was lower by 45 and 33% in Embrapa-16 and BR-18 cultivars (moderately resistant), respectively, at 120 h after inoculation in comparison to BRS-Guamirim cultivar (susceptible). Cellular damage caused by
P. oryzae
infection was great in BRS-Guamirim compared to BR-18. The photosynthetic performance of infected plants was altered due to diffusional and biochemical limitations for CO
2
fixation. At the beginning of the infection process, dramatic changes in both carbohydrate metabolism and on the levels of amino acids, intermediate compounds of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and polyamines were noticed regardless of cultivar suggesting an extensive metabolic reprogramming of the plants following fungal infection. Nevertheless, Embrapa-16 plants displayed a more robust and efficient antioxidant metabolism, higher phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and polyphenoloxidase activities and higher concentrations of phenolics and lignin, which, altogether, helped them to counteract more efficiently the infection by
P. oryzae
. Our results demonstrated that
P. oryzae
infection significantly modified the metabolism of wheat plants and different types of metabolic defence may act both additively and synergistically to provide additional plant protection to blast.</description><subject>Agriculture</subject><subject>Amino acids</subject><subject>Ammonia</subject><subject>Antioxidants</subject><subject>Antioxidants - metabolism</subject><subject>Ascomycota - physiology</subject><subject>Biomedical and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Blast</subject><subject>Carbohydrate metabolism</subject><subject>Carbohydrates</subject><subject>Carbon dioxide</subject><subject>Carbon Dioxide - metabolism</subject><subject>Carbon dioxide fixation</subject><subject>Cultivars</subject><subject>Damage</subject><subject>Ecology</subject><subject>Food security</subject><subject>Forestry</subject><subject>Fungal infections</subject><subject>Fungi</subject><subject>Inoculation</subject><subject>Life Sciences</subject><subject>Lignin</subject><subject>Metabolism</subject><subject>Metabolites</subject><subject>Metabolome</subject><subject>Organic acids</subject><subject>Original Article</subject><subject>Phenols</subject><subject>Phenylalanine</subject><subject>Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase</subject><subject>Photosynthesis</subject><subject>Plant Diseases - immunology</subject><subject>Plant Diseases - microbiology</subject><subject>Plant Leaves - immunology</subject><subject>Plant Leaves - metabolism</subject><subject>Plant Leaves - microbiology</subject><subject>Plant protection</subject><subject>Plant Sciences</subject><subject>Polyamines</subject><subject>Polyphenol oxidase</subject><subject>Pyricularia oryzae</subject><subject>Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism</subject><subject>Sugar</subject><subject>Tricarboxylic acid cycle</subject><subject>Triticum - immunology</subject><subject>Triticum - metabolism</subject><subject>Triticum - microbiology</subject><subject>Wheat</subject><issn>0032-0935</issn><issn>1432-2048</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kUlLBDEQhYMoOi5_wIMEvHhprSy9nUREHUHQg55DtnYiPZ026WYYf70ZZ1Tw4KkK6qtXyXsIHRM4JwDlRQTgNM-AQgaM0yqrt9CEcEYzCrzaRhOA1EPN8j20H-MbQBqW5S7aY7Qoi6rkE6SmfoGNx4uZlQPuW9kNEWvfW7xwwww_LYPTYyuDk9iH5Ye02HWN1YPz3SW-wv1sGZ1v_avTssWyM3huB6l86zSWfR-81LNDtNPINtqjTT1AL7c3z9fT7OHx7v766iHTtIY6q7kpbaMgV6ywea6oIqqRXOW8aHhjbM2l1oZVtdGsNIRUkhpiJS2oMpVWnB2gs7VuOvs-2jiIuYvatulP1o9R0GRWsoCQMqGnf9A3P4YuvW5FccaTmyuKrikdfIzBNqIPbi7DUhAQqwTEOgGREhBfCYg6LZ1spEc1t-Zn5dvyBLA1ENOoe7Xh9_Y_sp_KApHe</recordid><startdate>20200801</startdate><enddate>20200801</enddate><creator>Aucique-Pérez, Carlos Eduardo</creator><creator>Resende, Renata Sousa</creator><creator>Martins, Auxiliadora Oliveira</creator><creator>Silveira, Patricia Ricardino</creator><creator>Cavalcanti, João Henrique Frota</creator><creator>Vieira, Nívea Moreira</creator><creator>Fernie, Alisdair R.</creator><creator>Araújo, Wagner Luiz</creator><creator>DaMatta, Fábio Murilo</creator><creator>Rodrigues, Fabrício Ávila</creator><general>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7QR</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88A</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3091-0000</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20200801</creationdate><title>How do wheat plants cope with Pyricularia oryzae infection? A physiological and metabolic approach</title><author>Aucique-Pérez, Carlos Eduardo ; Resende, Renata Sousa ; Martins, Auxiliadora Oliveira ; Silveira, Patricia Ricardino ; Cavalcanti, João Henrique Frota ; Vieira, Nívea Moreira ; Fernie, Alisdair R. ; Araújo, Wagner Luiz ; DaMatta, Fábio Murilo ; Rodrigues, Fabrício Ávila</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c2909-94d7efb05b36e55b2b1bfa4b546f4fde94accd389dc37d118a2d1ea262bd8cb43</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Agriculture</topic><topic>Amino acids</topic><topic>Ammonia</topic><topic>Antioxidants</topic><topic>Antioxidants - metabolism</topic><topic>Ascomycota - physiology</topic><topic>Biomedical and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Blast</topic><topic>Carbohydrate metabolism</topic><topic>Carbohydrates</topic><topic>Carbon dioxide</topic><topic>Carbon Dioxide - metabolism</topic><topic>Carbon dioxide fixation</topic><topic>Cultivars</topic><topic>Damage</topic><topic>Ecology</topic><topic>Food security</topic><topic>Forestry</topic><topic>Fungal infections</topic><topic>Fungi</topic><topic>Inoculation</topic><topic>Life Sciences</topic><topic>Lignin</topic><topic>Metabolism</topic><topic>Metabolites</topic><topic>Metabolome</topic><topic>Organic acids</topic><topic>Original Article</topic><topic>Phenols</topic><topic>Phenylalanine</topic><topic>Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase</topic><topic>Photosynthesis</topic><topic>Plant Diseases - immunology</topic><topic>Plant Diseases - microbiology</topic><topic>Plant Leaves - immunology</topic><topic>Plant Leaves - metabolism</topic><topic>Plant Leaves - microbiology</topic><topic>Plant protection</topic><topic>Plant Sciences</topic><topic>Polyamines</topic><topic>Polyphenol oxidase</topic><topic>Pyricularia oryzae</topic><topic>Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism</topic><topic>Sugar</topic><topic>Tricarboxylic acid cycle</topic><topic>Triticum - immunology</topic><topic>Triticum - metabolism</topic><topic>Triticum - microbiology</topic><topic>Wheat</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Aucique-Pérez, Carlos Eduardo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Resende, Renata Sousa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Martins, Auxiliadora Oliveira</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Silveira, Patricia Ricardino</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cavalcanti, João Henrique Frota</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vieira, Nívea Moreira</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fernie, Alisdair R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Araújo, Wagner Luiz</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>DaMatta, Fábio Murilo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rodrigues, Fabrício Ávila</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Chemoreception Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Biology Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Planta</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Aucique-Pérez, Carlos Eduardo</au><au>Resende, Renata Sousa</au><au>Martins, Auxiliadora Oliveira</au><au>Silveira, Patricia Ricardino</au><au>Cavalcanti, João Henrique Frota</au><au>Vieira, Nívea Moreira</au><au>Fernie, Alisdair R.</au><au>Araújo, Wagner Luiz</au><au>DaMatta, Fábio Murilo</au><au>Rodrigues, Fabrício Ávila</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>How do wheat plants cope with Pyricularia oryzae infection? A physiological and metabolic approach</atitle><jtitle>Planta</jtitle><stitle>Planta</stitle><addtitle>Planta</addtitle><date>2020-08-01</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>252</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>24</spage><epage>24</epage><pages>24-24</pages><artnum>24</artnum><issn>0032-0935</issn><eissn>1432-2048</eissn><abstract>Main conclusion
The infection of wheat leaves by
Pyricularia oryzae
induced remarkable reprogramming of the primary metabolism (amino acids, sugars, and organic acids) in favor of a successful fungal infection and certain changes were conserved among cultivars regardless of their level of resistance to blast.
Wheat blast, caused by
Pyricularia oryzae
, has become one of the major threats for food security worldwide. Here, we investigated the behavior of three wheat cultivars (BR-18, Embrapa-16, and BRS-Guamirim), differing in their level of resistance to blast, by analyzing changes in cellular damage, antioxidative metabolism, and defense compounds as well as their photosynthetic performance and metabolite profile. Blast severity was lower by 45 and 33% in Embrapa-16 and BR-18 cultivars (moderately resistant), respectively, at 120 h after inoculation in comparison to BRS-Guamirim cultivar (susceptible). Cellular damage caused by
P. oryzae
infection was great in BRS-Guamirim compared to BR-18. The photosynthetic performance of infected plants was altered due to diffusional and biochemical limitations for CO
2
fixation. At the beginning of the infection process, dramatic changes in both carbohydrate metabolism and on the levels of amino acids, intermediate compounds of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and polyamines were noticed regardless of cultivar suggesting an extensive metabolic reprogramming of the plants following fungal infection. Nevertheless, Embrapa-16 plants displayed a more robust and efficient antioxidant metabolism, higher phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and polyphenoloxidase activities and higher concentrations of phenolics and lignin, which, altogether, helped them to counteract more efficiently the infection by
P. oryzae
. Our results demonstrated that
P. oryzae
infection significantly modified the metabolism of wheat plants and different types of metabolic defence may act both additively and synergistically to provide additional plant protection to blast.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><pmid>32676874</pmid><doi>10.1007/s00425-020-03428-9</doi><tpages>1</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3091-0000</orcidid></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
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| ispartof | Planta, 2020-08, Vol.252 (2), p.24-24, Article 24 |
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| language | eng |
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| source | Jstor Complete Legacy; MEDLINE; Springer Nature - Complete Springer Journals |
| subjects | Agriculture Amino acids Ammonia Antioxidants Antioxidants - metabolism Ascomycota - physiology Biomedical and Life Sciences Blast Carbohydrate metabolism Carbohydrates Carbon dioxide Carbon Dioxide - metabolism Carbon dioxide fixation Cultivars Damage Ecology Food security Forestry Fungal infections Fungi Inoculation Life Sciences Lignin Metabolism Metabolites Metabolome Organic acids Original Article Phenols Phenylalanine Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase Photosynthesis Plant Diseases - immunology Plant Diseases - microbiology Plant Leaves - immunology Plant Leaves - metabolism Plant Leaves - microbiology Plant protection Plant Sciences Polyamines Polyphenol oxidase Pyricularia oryzae Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism Sugar Tricarboxylic acid cycle Triticum - immunology Triticum - metabolism Triticum - microbiology Wheat |
| title | How do wheat plants cope with Pyricularia oryzae infection? A physiological and metabolic approach |
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