Why does leishmaniasis result in life-long scars for women in Afghanistan?

The main purpose of this study was to explore the reasons behind the late presentation of female patients with leishmaniasis to the clinic. A descriptive study design and qualitative method were used in this study. For information generation, two focus group discussions and three in-depth interviews were conducted with healthcare providers. Many factors, including socio-economic status, lack of knowledge about the disease (i.e. signs and symptoms, transmission, prevention and treatment), the use of traditional or local treatment methods and lack of female healthcare providers, contribute to the late presentation of patients with leishmaniasis to the clinic. This late presentation of patients with leishmaniasis, especially in women, can result in damage to the body tissue, resulting in life-long scars that carry social stigmas. Leishmaniasis can result in life-long scars if it is not timely diagnosed and treated. As a result of the scars being highly stigmatised, the social life of patients with leishmaniasis can be impacted, especially for female patients. •Leishmaniasis can result in life-long scars if not treated in a timely manner.•Women delay presenting to clinics in Afghanistan for a variety of reasons.•Scars are highly stigmatised and can lead to social exclusion.•Increased funding and health promotion initiatives are required.