SNARE‐Reconstituted Liposomes as Controllable Zeptoliter Nanoreactors for Macromolecules

Liposomes are synthetic phospholipid vesicles containing an aqueous lumen confined by a lipid bilayer. These vesicles have been used as nanoreactors because they offer confined environments that can result in significant changes to chemistry. However, a major limitation of using liposomes as nanocon...

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Veröffentlicht in:Advanced biosystems 2017-02, Vol.1 (1-2), p.e1600018-n/a
Hauptverfasser: Hu, Yachong, Lai, Ying, Wang, Yongyao, Zhao, Minglei, Zhang, Yunxiang, Crowe, Michael, Tian, Zhiqi, Long, Jiangang, Diao, Jiajie
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container_issue 1-2
container_start_page e1600018
container_title Advanced biosystems
container_volume 1
creator Hu, Yachong
Lai, Ying
Wang, Yongyao
Zhao, Minglei
Zhang, Yunxiang
Crowe, Michael
Tian, Zhiqi
Long, Jiangang
Diao, Jiajie
description Liposomes are synthetic phospholipid vesicles containing an aqueous lumen confined by a lipid bilayer. These vesicles have been used as nanoreactors because they offer confined environments that can result in significant changes to chemistry. However, a major limitation of using liposomes as nanocontainers is the impermeability of their lipid membranes. To overcome this, scientists have tested the use of porous liposomes generated by membrane phase changes or by pore formation proteins. In this study, the selective permeability of porous liposomes to molecules smaller than the threshold pore size is demonstrated for triggering internal reactions. Furthermore, in order to deliver macromolecules larger than the threshold pore size into lipid‐based nanoreactors, fusogenic soluble N‐ethylmaleimide‐sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) proteins were employed to mediate membrane fusion between two liposomes to initiate reactions on demand without losing previously encapsulated macromolecules. This novel approach circumvents limitations associated with inserting molecules larger than the threshold pore size of porous lipid membranes. Liposomes are artificially prepared spherical vesicles composed of a lipid bilayer to encapsulate and store various cargoes. These vesicles can serve as zeptoliter nanoreactors for biochemical reactions triggered by small molecules passing through the membrane. With reconstituted soluble N‐ethylmaleimide‐sensitive factor attachment protein receptor proteins, reactions involving large molecules can process in a regulated way, which could be useful for the controlled in vivo synthesis of drug molecules.
doi_str_mv 10.1002/adbi.201600018
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subjects FRET
liposome
membrane fusion
single molecule
SNAREs
title SNARE‐Reconstituted Liposomes as Controllable Zeptoliter Nanoreactors for Macromolecules
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