Age-varying associations between lifestyle risk factors and major depressive disorder: a nationally representative cross-sectional study of adolescents
Purpose Lifestyle risk factors, such as alcohol use, smoking, high body mass index, poor sleep, and sedentary behavior, represent major public health issues for adolescents. These factors have been associated with increased rates of major depressive disorder (MDD). The purpose of this paper is to in...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 2021, Vol.56 (1), p.129-139 |
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| container_title | Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology |
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| creator | Sunderland, Matthew Champion, Katrina Slade, Tim Chapman, Cath Newton, Nicola Thornton, Louise Kay-Lambkin, Frances McBride, Nyanda Allsop, Steve Parmenter, Belinda Teesson, Maree |
| description | Purpose
Lifestyle risk factors, such as alcohol use, smoking, high body mass index, poor sleep, and sedentary behavior, represent major public health issues for adolescents. These factors have been associated with increased rates of major depressive disorder (MDD). The purpose of this paper is to investigate critical peaks in the prevalence of MDD at certain ages and to examine how these peaks might be amplified or attenuated by the presence of lifestyle risk factors.
Methods
A nationally representative sample of adolescents aged 11–17 years old (
n
= 2967) and time-varying effect models were used to investigate the associations between lifestyle risk factors and the prevalence of MDD by sex.
Results
The estimated prevalence of MDD significantly increased among adolescents from 4% (95% CI 3–6%) at 13 years of age to 19% (95% CI 15–24%) at 16 years of age. From the age of 13, males were significantly less likely to have a diagnosis of MDD than females with the maximum sex difference occurring at the age of 15 (OR 0.24, 95% CI 0.13–0.47). All lifestyle risk factors were at some point significantly associated with MDD, but these associations did not differ by sex, except for body mass index.
Discussion
These findings suggest that interventions designed to prevent the development of depression should be implemented in early adolescence, ideally before or at the age of 13 and particularly among young females given that the prevalence of MDD begins to rise and diverge from young males. Interventions should also simultaneously address lifestyle risk factors and symptoms of major depression. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00127-020-01888-8 |
| format | Article |
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Lifestyle risk factors, such as alcohol use, smoking, high body mass index, poor sleep, and sedentary behavior, represent major public health issues for adolescents. These factors have been associated with increased rates of major depressive disorder (MDD). The purpose of this paper is to investigate critical peaks in the prevalence of MDD at certain ages and to examine how these peaks might be amplified or attenuated by the presence of lifestyle risk factors.
Methods
A nationally representative sample of adolescents aged 11–17 years old (
n
= 2967) and time-varying effect models were used to investigate the associations between lifestyle risk factors and the prevalence of MDD by sex.
Results
The estimated prevalence of MDD significantly increased among adolescents from 4% (95% CI 3–6%) at 13 years of age to 19% (95% CI 15–24%) at 16 years of age. From the age of 13, males were significantly less likely to have a diagnosis of MDD than females with the maximum sex difference occurring at the age of 15 (OR 0.24, 95% CI 0.13–0.47). All lifestyle risk factors were at some point significantly associated with MDD, but these associations did not differ by sex, except for body mass index.
Discussion
These findings suggest that interventions designed to prevent the development of depression should be implemented in early adolescence, ideally before or at the age of 13 and particularly among young females given that the prevalence of MDD begins to rise and diverge from young males. Interventions should also simultaneously address lifestyle risk factors and symptoms of major depression.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0933-7954</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1433-9285</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00127-020-01888-8</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32448926</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adolescents ; Age ; Body mass index ; Body size ; Child ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Depressive Disorder, Major - epidemiology ; Epidemiology ; Female ; Females ; Health aspects ; Humans ; Life Style ; Lifestyles ; Major depressive disorder ; Male ; Males ; Medical research ; Medicine ; Medicine & Public Health ; Medicine, Experimental ; Mental depression ; Original Paper ; Physical fitness ; Prevalence ; Psychiatry ; Public health ; Risk analysis ; Risk Factors ; Sedentary behavior ; Sex ; Sleep ; Teenagers ; Youth</subject><ispartof>Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 2021, Vol.56 (1), p.129-139</ispartof><rights>Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2021 Springer</rights><rights>Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c442t-a03a71ccb924b69faf4344a441e7f19becf263fce48210f71ba258a3b58799d93</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c442t-a03a71ccb924b69faf4344a441e7f19becf263fce48210f71ba258a3b58799d93</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-8452-364X</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00127-020-01888-8$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00127-020-01888-8$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27923,27924,41487,42556,51318</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32448926$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Sunderland, Matthew</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Champion, Katrina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Slade, Tim</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chapman, Cath</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Newton, Nicola</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thornton, Louise</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kay-Lambkin, Frances</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McBride, Nyanda</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Allsop, Steve</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Parmenter, Belinda</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Teesson, Maree</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Health4Life Team</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Health4Life Team</creatorcontrib><title>Age-varying associations between lifestyle risk factors and major depressive disorder: a nationally representative cross-sectional study of adolescents</title><title>Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology</title><addtitle>Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol</addtitle><addtitle>Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol</addtitle><description>Purpose
Lifestyle risk factors, such as alcohol use, smoking, high body mass index, poor sleep, and sedentary behavior, represent major public health issues for adolescents. These factors have been associated with increased rates of major depressive disorder (MDD). The purpose of this paper is to investigate critical peaks in the prevalence of MDD at certain ages and to examine how these peaks might be amplified or attenuated by the presence of lifestyle risk factors.
Methods
A nationally representative sample of adolescents aged 11–17 years old (
n
= 2967) and time-varying effect models were used to investigate the associations between lifestyle risk factors and the prevalence of MDD by sex.
Results
The estimated prevalence of MDD significantly increased among adolescents from 4% (95% CI 3–6%) at 13 years of age to 19% (95% CI 15–24%) at 16 years of age. From the age of 13, males were significantly less likely to have a diagnosis of MDD than females with the maximum sex difference occurring at the age of 15 (OR 0.24, 95% CI 0.13–0.47). All lifestyle risk factors were at some point significantly associated with MDD, but these associations did not differ by sex, except for body mass index.
Discussion
These findings suggest that interventions designed to prevent the development of depression should be implemented in early adolescence, ideally before or at the age of 13 and particularly among young females given that the prevalence of MDD begins to rise and diverge from young males. Interventions should also simultaneously address lifestyle risk factors and symptoms of major depression.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adolescents</subject><subject>Age</subject><subject>Body mass index</subject><subject>Body size</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Cross-Sectional Studies</subject><subject>Depressive Disorder, Major - epidemiology</subject><subject>Epidemiology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Females</subject><subject>Health aspects</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Life Style</subject><subject>Lifestyles</subject><subject>Major depressive disorder</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Males</subject><subject>Medical research</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine & Public Health</subject><subject>Medicine, Experimental</subject><subject>Mental depression</subject><subject>Original Paper</subject><subject>Physical fitness</subject><subject>Prevalence</subject><subject>Psychiatry</subject><subject>Public health</subject><subject>Risk analysis</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Sedentary behavior</subject><subject>Sex</subject><subject>Sleep</subject><subject>Teenagers</subject><subject>Youth</subject><issn>0933-7954</issn><issn>1433-9285</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNp9ksuO1DAQRSMEYpqBH2CBLLFhk8GvxDa71oiXNBIbWFuOU265SeLGlQzqL-F3cXcGRiCEvLBVPnVd5bpV9ZzRK0apeo2UMq5qymlNmda61g-qDZNC1Ibr5mG1oaaclWnkRfUEcU8pFUaJx9WF4FJqw9tN9WO7g_rW5WOcdsQhJh_dHNOEpIP5O8BEhhgA5-MAJEf8SoLzc8pI3NST0e1TJj0cMiDGWyB9xJR7yG-II9NZxw3DkeQzAdNcQoXyOSHWCH4FCM5LfyQpENenAdAXEJ9Wj4IbEJ7d7ZfVl3dvP19_qG8-vf94vb2pvZR8rh0VTjHvO8Nl15rgghRSOikZqMBMBz7wVgQPUnNGg2Kd4412omu0MqY34rJ6teoecvq2lEbtGEsFw-AmSAtaLmnbKKNaWtCXf6H7tOTSwInSknLBpLqndm4AG6eQ5uz8SdRuFWvLdKg6PXv1D6qsHsbo0wQhlvgfCXxNOH9ehmAPOY5lbpZRe3KDXd1gixvs2Q1Wl6QXdxUv3Qj975Rf4y-AWAEsV9MO8n1L_5H9CQ_Dwgw</recordid><startdate>2021</startdate><enddate>2021</enddate><creator>Sunderland, Matthew</creator><creator>Champion, Katrina</creator><creator>Slade, Tim</creator><creator>Chapman, Cath</creator><creator>Newton, Nicola</creator><creator>Thornton, Louise</creator><creator>Kay-Lambkin, Frances</creator><creator>McBride, Nyanda</creator><creator>Allsop, Steve</creator><creator>Parmenter, Belinda</creator><creator>Teesson, Maree</creator><general>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</general><general>Springer</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88G</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2M</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PSYQQ</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8452-364X</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>2021</creationdate><title>Age-varying associations between lifestyle risk factors and major depressive disorder: a nationally representative cross-sectional study of adolescents</title><author>Sunderland, Matthew ; Champion, Katrina ; Slade, Tim ; Chapman, Cath ; Newton, Nicola ; Thornton, Louise ; Kay-Lambkin, Frances ; McBride, Nyanda ; Allsop, Steve ; Parmenter, Belinda ; Teesson, Maree</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c442t-a03a71ccb924b69faf4344a441e7f19becf263fce48210f71ba258a3b58799d93</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adolescents</topic><topic>Age</topic><topic>Body mass index</topic><topic>Body size</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Cross-Sectional Studies</topic><topic>Depressive Disorder, Major - epidemiology</topic><topic>Epidemiology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Females</topic><topic>Health aspects</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Life Style</topic><topic>Lifestyles</topic><topic>Major depressive disorder</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Males</topic><topic>Medical research</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine & Public Health</topic><topic>Medicine, Experimental</topic><topic>Mental depression</topic><topic>Original Paper</topic><topic>Physical fitness</topic><topic>Prevalence</topic><topic>Psychiatry</topic><topic>Public health</topic><topic>Risk analysis</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>Sedentary behavior</topic><topic>Sex</topic><topic>Sleep</topic><topic>Teenagers</topic><topic>Youth</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Sunderland, Matthew</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Champion, Katrina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Slade, Tim</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chapman, Cath</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Newton, Nicola</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thornton, Louise</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kay-Lambkin, Frances</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McBride, Nyanda</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Allsop, Steve</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Parmenter, Belinda</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Teesson, Maree</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Health4Life Team</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Health4Life Team</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Psychology Database (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Research Library (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Psychology Database</collection><collection>Research Library</collection><collection>Research Library (Corporate)</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>ProQuest One Psychology</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Sunderland, Matthew</au><au>Champion, Katrina</au><au>Slade, Tim</au><au>Chapman, Cath</au><au>Newton, Nicola</au><au>Thornton, Louise</au><au>Kay-Lambkin, Frances</au><au>McBride, Nyanda</au><au>Allsop, Steve</au><au>Parmenter, Belinda</au><au>Teesson, Maree</au><aucorp>Health4Life Team</aucorp><aucorp>Health4Life Team</aucorp><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Age-varying associations between lifestyle risk factors and major depressive disorder: a nationally representative cross-sectional study of adolescents</atitle><jtitle>Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology</jtitle><stitle>Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol</stitle><addtitle>Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol</addtitle><date>2021</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>56</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>129</spage><epage>139</epage><pages>129-139</pages><issn>0933-7954</issn><eissn>1433-9285</eissn><abstract>Purpose
Lifestyle risk factors, such as alcohol use, smoking, high body mass index, poor sleep, and sedentary behavior, represent major public health issues for adolescents. These factors have been associated with increased rates of major depressive disorder (MDD). The purpose of this paper is to investigate critical peaks in the prevalence of MDD at certain ages and to examine how these peaks might be amplified or attenuated by the presence of lifestyle risk factors.
Methods
A nationally representative sample of adolescents aged 11–17 years old (
n
= 2967) and time-varying effect models were used to investigate the associations between lifestyle risk factors and the prevalence of MDD by sex.
Results
The estimated prevalence of MDD significantly increased among adolescents from 4% (95% CI 3–6%) at 13 years of age to 19% (95% CI 15–24%) at 16 years of age. From the age of 13, males were significantly less likely to have a diagnosis of MDD than females with the maximum sex difference occurring at the age of 15 (OR 0.24, 95% CI 0.13–0.47). All lifestyle risk factors were at some point significantly associated with MDD, but these associations did not differ by sex, except for body mass index.
Discussion
These findings suggest that interventions designed to prevent the development of depression should be implemented in early adolescence, ideally before or at the age of 13 and particularly among young females given that the prevalence of MDD begins to rise and diverge from young males. Interventions should also simultaneously address lifestyle risk factors and symptoms of major depression.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><pmid>32448926</pmid><doi>10.1007/s00127-020-01888-8</doi><tpages>11</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8452-364X</orcidid></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0933-7954 |
| ispartof | Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 2021, Vol.56 (1), p.129-139 |
| issn | 0933-7954 1433-9285 |
| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings |
| subjects | Adolescent Adolescents Age Body mass index Body size Child Cross-Sectional Studies Depressive Disorder, Major - epidemiology Epidemiology Female Females Health aspects Humans Life Style Lifestyles Major depressive disorder Male Males Medical research Medicine Medicine & Public Health Medicine, Experimental Mental depression Original Paper Physical fitness Prevalence Psychiatry Public health Risk analysis Risk Factors Sedentary behavior Sex Sleep Teenagers Youth |
| title | Age-varying associations between lifestyle risk factors and major depressive disorder: a nationally representative cross-sectional study of adolescents |
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