Characterization and antiinflammatory properties of fractionated pyroligneous acid from palm kernel shell
Pyroligneous acid (PA) obtained from slow pyrolysis of palm kernel shell (PKS) has high total phenolic contents and exhibits various biological activities including antioxidant, antibacterial and antifungal. In this study, PA obtained using slow pyrolysis method and fractionated using column chromat...
Gespeichert in:
| Veröffentlicht in: | Environmental science and pollution research international 2021-08, Vol.28 (30), p.40535-40543 |
|---|---|
| Hauptverfasser: | , , , |
| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | eng |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| container_end_page | 40543 |
|---|---|
| container_issue | 30 |
| container_start_page | 40535 |
| container_title | Environmental science and pollution research international |
| container_volume | 28 |
| creator | Rabiu, Zainab Hamzah, Mohd Amir Asyraf Mohd Hasham, Rosnani Zakaria, Zainul Akmar |
| description | Pyroligneous acid (PA) obtained from slow pyrolysis of palm kernel shell (PKS) has high total phenolic contents and exhibits various biological activities including antioxidant, antibacterial and antifungal. In this study, PA obtained using slow pyrolysis method and fractionated using column chromatography was characterized (chemical and antioxidative properties) and investigated for its cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) inhibition activities using the in vitro and in silico approaches. The F
9
PA fraction exhibited highest total phenolic content of 181.75 ± 17.0 μg/mL. Fraction F
21–25
showed ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) (331.80 ± 4.60 mg TE/g) and IC
50
of 18.56 ± 0.01 μg/mL towards COX-2 and 5.25 ± 0.03 μg/mL towards the 5-LOX enzymes, respectively. Molecular docking analysis suggested favourable binding energy for all chemical compounds present in fraction F
21–25
, notably 1-(2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl)-2-pentanone, towards both COX-2 (− 6.9 kcal/mol) and 5-LOX (− 6.4 kcal/mol) enzymes. As a conclusion, PA from PKS has the potential to be used as an alternative antioxidant and antiinflammatory agents which is biodegradable and a more sustainable supply of raw materials. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s11356-020-09209-x |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2404383136</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2559541264</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c375t-af6259e66421b06f754b731bca60234f5e8b03e73fdb8aa8ae2bdb14614f7a343</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kc1O3DAUha2qqDMMfYEuKkvddBPwf5JlNaKAhMQG1tZNcj2YJnFqZ6QZnh4PQ1uJRReWF_c7x8f3EPKFs3POWHmROJfaFEywgtWC1cXuA1lyw1VRqrr-SJasVqrgUqkFOU3piWWyFuUnspBC8YozvSR-_QgR2hmjf4bZh5HC2OUzez-6HoYB5hD3dIphwjh7TDQ46g6KzMKMHZ32MfR-M2LYJgqt7_I4DHSCfqC_MI7Y0_SIfX9GThz0CT-_3Svy8PPyfn1d3N5d3ax_3BatLPVcgDNC12iMErxhxpVaNaXkTQuGCamcxqphEkvpuqYCqABF0zVc5W-7EqSSK_L96Jsz_95imu3gU5sDwGtEKxRTspJcmox-e4c-hW0cczortK614sIcDMWRamNIKaKzU_QDxL3lzB6KsMcibF6vfS3C7rLo65v1thmw-yv5s_kMyCOQ8mjcYPz39n9sXwB7KJXF</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2559541264</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Characterization and antiinflammatory properties of fractionated pyroligneous acid from palm kernel shell</title><source>SpringerNature Journals</source><creator>Rabiu, Zainab ; Hamzah, Mohd Amir Asyraf Mohd ; Hasham, Rosnani ; Zakaria, Zainul Akmar</creator><creatorcontrib>Rabiu, Zainab ; Hamzah, Mohd Amir Asyraf Mohd ; Hasham, Rosnani ; Zakaria, Zainul Akmar</creatorcontrib><description>Pyroligneous acid (PA) obtained from slow pyrolysis of palm kernel shell (PKS) has high total phenolic contents and exhibits various biological activities including antioxidant, antibacterial and antifungal. In this study, PA obtained using slow pyrolysis method and fractionated using column chromatography was characterized (chemical and antioxidative properties) and investigated for its cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) inhibition activities using the in vitro and in silico approaches. The F
9
PA fraction exhibited highest total phenolic content of 181.75 ± 17.0 μg/mL. Fraction F
21–25
showed ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) (331.80 ± 4.60 mg TE/g) and IC
50
of 18.56 ± 0.01 μg/mL towards COX-2 and 5.25 ± 0.03 μg/mL towards the 5-LOX enzymes, respectively. Molecular docking analysis suggested favourable binding energy for all chemical compounds present in fraction F
21–25
, notably 1-(2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl)-2-pentanone, towards both COX-2 (− 6.9 kcal/mol) and 5-LOX (− 6.4 kcal/mol) enzymes. As a conclusion, PA from PKS has the potential to be used as an alternative antioxidant and antiinflammatory agents which is biodegradable and a more sustainable supply of raw materials.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0944-1344</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1614-7499</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09209-x</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32418105</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Anti-inflammatory agents ; Antioxidants ; Aquatic Pollution ; Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase ; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution ; Biodegradability ; Biodegradation ; Chemical and Biological Process Techniques and Tools for Pollution Prevention and Sustainability ; Chemical compounds ; Column chromatography ; Cyclooxygenase-2 ; Earth and Environmental Science ; Ecotoxicology ; Environment ; Environmental Chemistry ; Environmental Health ; Environmental science ; Enzymes ; Fungicides ; Kernels ; Lipoxygenase ; Liquid oxygen ; Molecular docking ; Pentanone ; Phenolic compounds ; Phenols ; Physical ; Pyrolysis ; Raw materials ; Waste Water Technology ; Water Management ; Water Pollution Control</subject><ispartof>Environmental science and pollution research international, 2021-08, Vol.28 (30), p.40535-40543</ispartof><rights>Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020</rights><rights>Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c375t-af6259e66421b06f754b731bca60234f5e8b03e73fdb8aa8ae2bdb14614f7a343</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c375t-af6259e66421b06f754b731bca60234f5e8b03e73fdb8aa8ae2bdb14614f7a343</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11356-020-09209-x$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11356-020-09209-x$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925,41488,42557,51319</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32418105$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Rabiu, Zainab</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hamzah, Mohd Amir Asyraf Mohd</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hasham, Rosnani</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zakaria, Zainul Akmar</creatorcontrib><title>Characterization and antiinflammatory properties of fractionated pyroligneous acid from palm kernel shell</title><title>Environmental science and pollution research international</title><addtitle>Environ Sci Pollut Res</addtitle><addtitle>Environ Sci Pollut Res Int</addtitle><description>Pyroligneous acid (PA) obtained from slow pyrolysis of palm kernel shell (PKS) has high total phenolic contents and exhibits various biological activities including antioxidant, antibacterial and antifungal. In this study, PA obtained using slow pyrolysis method and fractionated using column chromatography was characterized (chemical and antioxidative properties) and investigated for its cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) inhibition activities using the in vitro and in silico approaches. The F
9
PA fraction exhibited highest total phenolic content of 181.75 ± 17.0 μg/mL. Fraction F
21–25
showed ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) (331.80 ± 4.60 mg TE/g) and IC
50
of 18.56 ± 0.01 μg/mL towards COX-2 and 5.25 ± 0.03 μg/mL towards the 5-LOX enzymes, respectively. Molecular docking analysis suggested favourable binding energy for all chemical compounds present in fraction F
21–25
, notably 1-(2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl)-2-pentanone, towards both COX-2 (− 6.9 kcal/mol) and 5-LOX (− 6.4 kcal/mol) enzymes. As a conclusion, PA from PKS has the potential to be used as an alternative antioxidant and antiinflammatory agents which is biodegradable and a more sustainable supply of raw materials.</description><subject>Anti-inflammatory agents</subject><subject>Antioxidants</subject><subject>Aquatic Pollution</subject><subject>Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase</subject><subject>Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution</subject><subject>Biodegradability</subject><subject>Biodegradation</subject><subject>Chemical and Biological Process Techniques and Tools for Pollution Prevention and Sustainability</subject><subject>Chemical compounds</subject><subject>Column chromatography</subject><subject>Cyclooxygenase-2</subject><subject>Earth and Environmental Science</subject><subject>Ecotoxicology</subject><subject>Environment</subject><subject>Environmental Chemistry</subject><subject>Environmental Health</subject><subject>Environmental science</subject><subject>Enzymes</subject><subject>Fungicides</subject><subject>Kernels</subject><subject>Lipoxygenase</subject><subject>Liquid oxygen</subject><subject>Molecular docking</subject><subject>Pentanone</subject><subject>Phenolic compounds</subject><subject>Phenols</subject><subject>Physical</subject><subject>Pyrolysis</subject><subject>Raw materials</subject><subject>Waste Water Technology</subject><subject>Water Management</subject><subject>Water Pollution Control</subject><issn>0944-1344</issn><issn>1614-7499</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kc1O3DAUha2qqDMMfYEuKkvddBPwf5JlNaKAhMQG1tZNcj2YJnFqZ6QZnh4PQ1uJRReWF_c7x8f3EPKFs3POWHmROJfaFEywgtWC1cXuA1lyw1VRqrr-SJasVqrgUqkFOU3piWWyFuUnspBC8YozvSR-_QgR2hmjf4bZh5HC2OUzez-6HoYB5hD3dIphwjh7TDQ46g6KzMKMHZ32MfR-M2LYJgqt7_I4DHSCfqC_MI7Y0_SIfX9GThz0CT-_3Svy8PPyfn1d3N5d3ax_3BatLPVcgDNC12iMErxhxpVaNaXkTQuGCamcxqphEkvpuqYCqABF0zVc5W-7EqSSK_L96Jsz_95imu3gU5sDwGtEKxRTspJcmox-e4c-hW0cczortK614sIcDMWRamNIKaKzU_QDxL3lzB6KsMcibF6vfS3C7rLo65v1thmw-yv5s_kMyCOQ8mjcYPz39n9sXwB7KJXF</recordid><startdate>20210801</startdate><enddate>20210801</enddate><creator>Rabiu, Zainab</creator><creator>Hamzah, Mohd Amir Asyraf Mohd</creator><creator>Hasham, Rosnani</creator><creator>Zakaria, Zainul Akmar</creator><general>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TV</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7WY</scope><scope>7WZ</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>87Z</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8FL</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BEZIV</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FRNLG</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>F~G</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K60</scope><scope>K6~</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>L.-</scope><scope>M0C</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PQBIZ</scope><scope>PQBZA</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20210801</creationdate><title>Characterization and antiinflammatory properties of fractionated pyroligneous acid from palm kernel shell</title><author>Rabiu, Zainab ; Hamzah, Mohd Amir Asyraf Mohd ; Hasham, Rosnani ; Zakaria, Zainul Akmar</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c375t-af6259e66421b06f754b731bca60234f5e8b03e73fdb8aa8ae2bdb14614f7a343</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Anti-inflammatory agents</topic><topic>Antioxidants</topic><topic>Aquatic Pollution</topic><topic>Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase</topic><topic>Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution</topic><topic>Biodegradability</topic><topic>Biodegradation</topic><topic>Chemical and Biological Process Techniques and Tools for Pollution Prevention and Sustainability</topic><topic>Chemical compounds</topic><topic>Column chromatography</topic><topic>Cyclooxygenase-2</topic><topic>Earth and Environmental Science</topic><topic>Ecotoxicology</topic><topic>Environment</topic><topic>Environmental Chemistry</topic><topic>Environmental Health</topic><topic>Environmental science</topic><topic>Enzymes</topic><topic>Fungicides</topic><topic>Kernels</topic><topic>Lipoxygenase</topic><topic>Liquid oxygen</topic><topic>Molecular docking</topic><topic>Pentanone</topic><topic>Phenolic compounds</topic><topic>Phenols</topic><topic>Physical</topic><topic>Pyrolysis</topic><topic>Raw materials</topic><topic>Waste Water Technology</topic><topic>Water Management</topic><topic>Water Pollution Control</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Rabiu, Zainab</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hamzah, Mohd Amir Asyraf Mohd</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hasham, Rosnani</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zakaria, Zainul Akmar</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Pollution Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Access via ABI/INFORM (ProQuest)</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Global (PDF only)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Global (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Business Premium Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Business Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Global (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Business Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Business Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Professional Advanced</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Global</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Science Database</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Business</collection><collection>ProQuest One Business (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Environmental science and pollution research international</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Rabiu, Zainab</au><au>Hamzah, Mohd Amir Asyraf Mohd</au><au>Hasham, Rosnani</au><au>Zakaria, Zainul Akmar</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Characterization and antiinflammatory properties of fractionated pyroligneous acid from palm kernel shell</atitle><jtitle>Environmental science and pollution research international</jtitle><stitle>Environ Sci Pollut Res</stitle><addtitle>Environ Sci Pollut Res Int</addtitle><date>2021-08-01</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>28</volume><issue>30</issue><spage>40535</spage><epage>40543</epage><pages>40535-40543</pages><issn>0944-1344</issn><eissn>1614-7499</eissn><abstract>Pyroligneous acid (PA) obtained from slow pyrolysis of palm kernel shell (PKS) has high total phenolic contents and exhibits various biological activities including antioxidant, antibacterial and antifungal. In this study, PA obtained using slow pyrolysis method and fractionated using column chromatography was characterized (chemical and antioxidative properties) and investigated for its cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) inhibition activities using the in vitro and in silico approaches. The F
9
PA fraction exhibited highest total phenolic content of 181.75 ± 17.0 μg/mL. Fraction F
21–25
showed ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) (331.80 ± 4.60 mg TE/g) and IC
50
of 18.56 ± 0.01 μg/mL towards COX-2 and 5.25 ± 0.03 μg/mL towards the 5-LOX enzymes, respectively. Molecular docking analysis suggested favourable binding energy for all chemical compounds present in fraction F
21–25
, notably 1-(2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl)-2-pentanone, towards both COX-2 (− 6.9 kcal/mol) and 5-LOX (− 6.4 kcal/mol) enzymes. As a conclusion, PA from PKS has the potential to be used as an alternative antioxidant and antiinflammatory agents which is biodegradable and a more sustainable supply of raw materials.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><pmid>32418105</pmid><doi>10.1007/s11356-020-09209-x</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0944-1344 |
| ispartof | Environmental science and pollution research international, 2021-08, Vol.28 (30), p.40535-40543 |
| issn | 0944-1344 1614-7499 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2404383136 |
| source | SpringerNature Journals |
| subjects | Anti-inflammatory agents Antioxidants Aquatic Pollution Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution Biodegradability Biodegradation Chemical and Biological Process Techniques and Tools for Pollution Prevention and Sustainability Chemical compounds Column chromatography Cyclooxygenase-2 Earth and Environmental Science Ecotoxicology Environment Environmental Chemistry Environmental Health Environmental science Enzymes Fungicides Kernels Lipoxygenase Liquid oxygen Molecular docking Pentanone Phenolic compounds Phenols Physical Pyrolysis Raw materials Waste Water Technology Water Management Water Pollution Control |
| title | Characterization and antiinflammatory properties of fractionated pyroligneous acid from palm kernel shell |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-22T14%3A41%3A35IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Characterization%20and%20antiinflammatory%20properties%20of%20fractionated%20pyroligneous%20acid%20from%20palm%20kernel%20shell&rft.jtitle=Environmental%20science%20and%20pollution%20research%20international&rft.au=Rabiu,%20Zainab&rft.date=2021-08-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=30&rft.spage=40535&rft.epage=40543&rft.pages=40535-40543&rft.issn=0944-1344&rft.eissn=1614-7499&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007/s11356-020-09209-x&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E2559541264%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2559541264&rft_id=info:pmid/32418105&rfr_iscdi=true |