MOLECULAR INVESTIGATION OF VECTOR-BORNE PATHOGENS IN RED FOXES (VULPES VULPES) FROM SOUTHERN FRANCE
Because of their free-ranging nature, the probability of wild animals being exposed to vector-borne pathogens is likely higher than that of humans and pets. Recently, the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) has been suspected as being a reservoir or host of several pathogens of veterinary and public health impo...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of Wildlife Diseases 2020-10, Vol.56 (4), p.837-850 |
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| creator | Medkour, Hacène Laidoudi, Younes Marié, Jean-Lou Fenollar, Florence Davoust, Bernard Mediannikov, Oleg |
| description | Because of their free-ranging nature, the probability of wild animals being exposed to vector-borne pathogens is likely higher than that of humans and pets. Recently, the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) has been suspected as being a reservoir or host of several pathogens of veterinary and public health importance. We conducted a molecular survey on 93 red foxes hunted in 2008–18, in the departments of Bouches-du-Rhône and Var, in southeastern France, for pathogens including Leishmania infantum, Piroplasmida, Hepatozoon spp., nematodes, Coxiella burnetii, Borrelia spp., Rickettsia spp., and Anaplasmataceae. Spleen samples were screened for the presence of vector-borne pathogens by PCR followed by sequencing. Pathogens were detected in 94% (87/93) of red foxes, and coinfections were identified in 24% (22/93) of foxes. We identified DNA from Hepatozoon canis, L. infantum, and Babesia vogeli in 92% (86/93), 15% (14/93), and 3% (3/93) of red foxes, respectively. We also found DNA of nematodes in 3% (3/93) of foxes; Spirocerca vulpis was identified in one fox and Dirofilaria immitis in the two others. Interestingly, C. burnetii genotype 3, previously described in humans from the same region, was identified in 3% (3/93) of foxes and Anaplasma platys in 2% (2/93) of foxes. We did not detect DNA of Borrelia spp., Bartonella spp., or Rickettsia spp. In our study, the prevalence of pathogens did not vary by fox origin, sex, or tick carriage. Molecular evidence of B. vogeli, H. canis, S. vulpis, D. immitis, C. burnetii, and A. platys in red foxes has not previously, to our knowledge, been reported from southern France. We propose that red foxes are potential reservoirs for several pathogens, including major zoonotic agents such as L. infantum. They could be incidental hosts for pathogens, such C. burnetii. The high prevalence for H. canis suggests an important role of foxes in domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris) infection. These animals may pose a threat to human and animal health. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.7589/2019-09-234 |
| format | Article |
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Recently, the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) has been suspected as being a reservoir or host of several pathogens of veterinary and public health importance. We conducted a molecular survey on 93 red foxes hunted in 2008–18, in the departments of Bouches-du-Rhône and Var, in southeastern France, for pathogens including Leishmania infantum, Piroplasmida, Hepatozoon spp., nematodes, Coxiella burnetii, Borrelia spp., Rickettsia spp., and Anaplasmataceae. Spleen samples were screened for the presence of vector-borne pathogens by PCR followed by sequencing. Pathogens were detected in 94% (87/93) of red foxes, and coinfections were identified in 24% (22/93) of foxes. We identified DNA from Hepatozoon canis, L. infantum, and Babesia vogeli in 92% (86/93), 15% (14/93), and 3% (3/93) of red foxes, respectively. We also found DNA of nematodes in 3% (3/93) of foxes; Spirocerca vulpis was identified in one fox and Dirofilaria immitis in the two others. Interestingly, C. burnetii genotype 3, previously described in humans from the same region, was identified in 3% (3/93) of foxes and Anaplasma platys in 2% (2/93) of foxes. We did not detect DNA of Borrelia spp., Bartonella spp., or Rickettsia spp. In our study, the prevalence of pathogens did not vary by fox origin, sex, or tick carriage. Molecular evidence of B. vogeli, H. canis, S. vulpis, D. immitis, C. burnetii, and A. platys in red foxes has not previously, to our knowledge, been reported from southern France. We propose that red foxes are potential reservoirs for several pathogens, including major zoonotic agents such as L. infantum. They could be incidental hosts for pathogens, such C. burnetii. The high prevalence for H. canis suggests an important role of foxes in domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris) infection. These animals may pose a threat to human and animal health.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0090-3558</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1943-3700</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.7589/2019-09-234</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32402231</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Wildlife Disease Association</publisher><subject>Animals ; Bacterial Infections - transmission ; Bacterial Infections - veterinary ; Coinfection ; Coxiella burnetii ; Dirofilaria immitis ; DNA, Bacterial - genetics ; DNA, Bacterial - isolation & purification ; DNA, Protozoan - isolation & purification ; EPIDEMIOLOGY ; Foxes ; France ; France - epidemiology ; Hepatozoon canis ; Leishmania infantum ; Life Sciences ; Nematode Infections - epidemiology ; Nematode Infections - veterinary ; Protozoan Infections, Animal - epidemiology ; Protozoan Infections, Animal - parasitology ; red fox ; Spirocerca vulpis ; Spirurida Infections - epidemiology ; Spirurida Infections - parasitology ; Spirurida Infections - veterinary ; Thelazioidea ; Vector Borne Diseases - epidemiology ; Vector Borne Diseases - microbiology ; Vector Borne Diseases - parasitology ; Vector Borne Diseases - veterinary ; vector-borne pathogens</subject><ispartof>Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 2020-10, Vol.56 (4), p.837-850</ispartof><rights>Wildlife Disease Association 2020</rights><rights>Wildlife Disease Association 2020.</rights><rights>Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-b357t-e0cfcf39f306c74cc032e4fdc4140ab69b2bcc9fea9dd1effc743c9cb75759553</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-b357t-e0cfcf39f306c74cc032e4fdc4140ab69b2bcc9fea9dd1effc743c9cb75759553</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-5208-2576 ; 0000-0002-7517-0173 ; 0000-0001-8819-3019 ; 0000-0001-6039-2008</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,885,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32402231$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://amu.hal.science/hal-03149700$$DView record in HAL$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Medkour, Hacène</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Laidoudi, Younes</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Marié, Jean-Lou</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fenollar, Florence</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Davoust, Bernard</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mediannikov, Oleg</creatorcontrib><title>MOLECULAR INVESTIGATION OF VECTOR-BORNE PATHOGENS IN RED FOXES (VULPES VULPES) FROM SOUTHERN FRANCE</title><title>Journal of Wildlife Diseases</title><addtitle>J Wildl Dis</addtitle><description>Because of their free-ranging nature, the probability of wild animals being exposed to vector-borne pathogens is likely higher than that of humans and pets. Recently, the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) has been suspected as being a reservoir or host of several pathogens of veterinary and public health importance. We conducted a molecular survey on 93 red foxes hunted in 2008–18, in the departments of Bouches-du-Rhône and Var, in southeastern France, for pathogens including Leishmania infantum, Piroplasmida, Hepatozoon spp., nematodes, Coxiella burnetii, Borrelia spp., Rickettsia spp., and Anaplasmataceae. Spleen samples were screened for the presence of vector-borne pathogens by PCR followed by sequencing. Pathogens were detected in 94% (87/93) of red foxes, and coinfections were identified in 24% (22/93) of foxes. We identified DNA from Hepatozoon canis, L. infantum, and Babesia vogeli in 92% (86/93), 15% (14/93), and 3% (3/93) of red foxes, respectively. We also found DNA of nematodes in 3% (3/93) of foxes; Spirocerca vulpis was identified in one fox and Dirofilaria immitis in the two others. Interestingly, C. burnetii genotype 3, previously described in humans from the same region, was identified in 3% (3/93) of foxes and Anaplasma platys in 2% (2/93) of foxes. We did not detect DNA of Borrelia spp., Bartonella spp., or Rickettsia spp. In our study, the prevalence of pathogens did not vary by fox origin, sex, or tick carriage. Molecular evidence of B. vogeli, H. canis, S. vulpis, D. immitis, C. burnetii, and A. platys in red foxes has not previously, to our knowledge, been reported from southern France. We propose that red foxes are potential reservoirs for several pathogens, including major zoonotic agents such as L. infantum. They could be incidental hosts for pathogens, such C. burnetii. The high prevalence for H. canis suggests an important role of foxes in domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris) infection. These animals may pose a threat to human and animal health.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Bacterial Infections - transmission</subject><subject>Bacterial Infections - veterinary</subject><subject>Coinfection</subject><subject>Coxiella burnetii</subject><subject>Dirofilaria immitis</subject><subject>DNA, Bacterial - genetics</subject><subject>DNA, Bacterial - isolation & purification</subject><subject>DNA, Protozoan - isolation & purification</subject><subject>EPIDEMIOLOGY</subject><subject>Foxes</subject><subject>France</subject><subject>France - epidemiology</subject><subject>Hepatozoon canis</subject><subject>Leishmania infantum</subject><subject>Life Sciences</subject><subject>Nematode Infections - epidemiology</subject><subject>Nematode Infections - veterinary</subject><subject>Protozoan Infections, Animal - epidemiology</subject><subject>Protozoan Infections, Animal - parasitology</subject><subject>red fox</subject><subject>Spirocerca vulpis</subject><subject>Spirurida Infections - epidemiology</subject><subject>Spirurida Infections - parasitology</subject><subject>Spirurida Infections - veterinary</subject><subject>Thelazioidea</subject><subject>Vector Borne Diseases - epidemiology</subject><subject>Vector Borne Diseases - microbiology</subject><subject>Vector Borne Diseases - parasitology</subject><subject>Vector Borne Diseases - veterinary</subject><subject>vector-borne pathogens</subject><issn>0090-3558</issn><issn>1943-3700</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kc1r20AUxJfS0DhJT7mHPdoENW-_LO9RVdcfIGuNLJveFmm9S1xsK5XsQv_7rnGa3HIa5vFjeMwgdE_gWyxG8okCkRHIiDL-CfWI5CxiMcBn1AOQEDEhRtfoput-AVARzBd0zSgHShnpITvXmUpXWVLgWb5Wy3I2ScqZzrEe47VKS11E33WRK7xIyqmeqHwZOFyoH3isf6ol7q9X2SLoRQZ4XOg5XupVOVVFHlySp-oOXflq17mvr3qLVmNVptMo05NZmmRRzUR8jBxYbz2TnsHQxtxaYNRxv7GccKjqoaxpba30rpKbDXHeB4hZaetYxEIKwW7R4JL7XO3MS7vdV-1f01RbM00yc74BI1yGav6QwPYv7Evb_D657mj228663a46uObUmVAQAzoaxsOAPl5Q2zZd1zr_lk3AnBcw5wUMBGU80A-vwad67zZv7P_K37-st01zcB-G_QOOZoQE</recordid><startdate>20201001</startdate><enddate>20201001</enddate><creator>Medkour, Hacène</creator><creator>Laidoudi, Younes</creator><creator>Marié, Jean-Lou</creator><creator>Fenollar, Florence</creator><creator>Davoust, Bernard</creator><creator>Mediannikov, Oleg</creator><general>Wildlife Disease Association</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>1XC</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5208-2576</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7517-0173</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8819-3019</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6039-2008</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20201001</creationdate><title>MOLECULAR INVESTIGATION OF VECTOR-BORNE PATHOGENS IN RED FOXES (VULPES VULPES) FROM SOUTHERN FRANCE</title><author>Medkour, Hacène ; Laidoudi, Younes ; Marié, Jean-Lou ; Fenollar, Florence ; Davoust, Bernard ; Mediannikov, Oleg</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-b357t-e0cfcf39f306c74cc032e4fdc4140ab69b2bcc9fea9dd1effc743c9cb75759553</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Bacterial Infections - transmission</topic><topic>Bacterial Infections - veterinary</topic><topic>Coinfection</topic><topic>Coxiella burnetii</topic><topic>Dirofilaria immitis</topic><topic>DNA, Bacterial - genetics</topic><topic>DNA, Bacterial - isolation & purification</topic><topic>DNA, Protozoan - isolation & purification</topic><topic>EPIDEMIOLOGY</topic><topic>Foxes</topic><topic>France</topic><topic>France - epidemiology</topic><topic>Hepatozoon canis</topic><topic>Leishmania infantum</topic><topic>Life Sciences</topic><topic>Nematode Infections - epidemiology</topic><topic>Nematode Infections - veterinary</topic><topic>Protozoan Infections, Animal - epidemiology</topic><topic>Protozoan Infections, Animal - parasitology</topic><topic>red fox</topic><topic>Spirocerca vulpis</topic><topic>Spirurida Infections - epidemiology</topic><topic>Spirurida Infections - parasitology</topic><topic>Spirurida Infections - veterinary</topic><topic>Thelazioidea</topic><topic>Vector Borne Diseases - epidemiology</topic><topic>Vector Borne Diseases - microbiology</topic><topic>Vector Borne Diseases - parasitology</topic><topic>Vector Borne Diseases - veterinary</topic><topic>vector-borne pathogens</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Medkour, Hacène</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Laidoudi, Younes</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Marié, Jean-Lou</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fenollar, Florence</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Davoust, Bernard</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mediannikov, Oleg</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>Hyper Article en Ligne (HAL)</collection><jtitle>Journal of Wildlife Diseases</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Medkour, Hacène</au><au>Laidoudi, Younes</au><au>Marié, Jean-Lou</au><au>Fenollar, Florence</au><au>Davoust, Bernard</au><au>Mediannikov, Oleg</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>MOLECULAR INVESTIGATION OF VECTOR-BORNE PATHOGENS IN RED FOXES (VULPES VULPES) FROM SOUTHERN FRANCE</atitle><jtitle>Journal of Wildlife Diseases</jtitle><addtitle>J Wildl Dis</addtitle><date>2020-10-01</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>56</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>837</spage><epage>850</epage><pages>837-850</pages><issn>0090-3558</issn><eissn>1943-3700</eissn><abstract>Because of their free-ranging nature, the probability of wild animals being exposed to vector-borne pathogens is likely higher than that of humans and pets. Recently, the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) has been suspected as being a reservoir or host of several pathogens of veterinary and public health importance. We conducted a molecular survey on 93 red foxes hunted in 2008–18, in the departments of Bouches-du-Rhône and Var, in southeastern France, for pathogens including Leishmania infantum, Piroplasmida, Hepatozoon spp., nematodes, Coxiella burnetii, Borrelia spp., Rickettsia spp., and Anaplasmataceae. Spleen samples were screened for the presence of vector-borne pathogens by PCR followed by sequencing. Pathogens were detected in 94% (87/93) of red foxes, and coinfections were identified in 24% (22/93) of foxes. We identified DNA from Hepatozoon canis, L. infantum, and Babesia vogeli in 92% (86/93), 15% (14/93), and 3% (3/93) of red foxes, respectively. We also found DNA of nematodes in 3% (3/93) of foxes; Spirocerca vulpis was identified in one fox and Dirofilaria immitis in the two others. Interestingly, C. burnetii genotype 3, previously described in humans from the same region, was identified in 3% (3/93) of foxes and Anaplasma platys in 2% (2/93) of foxes. We did not detect DNA of Borrelia spp., Bartonella spp., or Rickettsia spp. In our study, the prevalence of pathogens did not vary by fox origin, sex, or tick carriage. Molecular evidence of B. vogeli, H. canis, S. vulpis, D. immitis, C. burnetii, and A. platys in red foxes has not previously, to our knowledge, been reported from southern France. We propose that red foxes are potential reservoirs for several pathogens, including major zoonotic agents such as L. infantum. They could be incidental hosts for pathogens, such C. burnetii. The high prevalence for H. canis suggests an important role of foxes in domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris) infection. These animals may pose a threat to human and animal health.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Wildlife Disease Association</pub><pmid>32402231</pmid><doi>10.7589/2019-09-234</doi><tpages>14</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5208-2576</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7517-0173</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8819-3019</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6039-2008</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 2020-10, Vol.56 (4), p.837-850 |
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| subjects | Animals Bacterial Infections - transmission Bacterial Infections - veterinary Coinfection Coxiella burnetii Dirofilaria immitis DNA, Bacterial - genetics DNA, Bacterial - isolation & purification DNA, Protozoan - isolation & purification EPIDEMIOLOGY Foxes France France - epidemiology Hepatozoon canis Leishmania infantum Life Sciences Nematode Infections - epidemiology Nematode Infections - veterinary Protozoan Infections, Animal - epidemiology Protozoan Infections, Animal - parasitology red fox Spirocerca vulpis Spirurida Infections - epidemiology Spirurida Infections - parasitology Spirurida Infections - veterinary Thelazioidea Vector Borne Diseases - epidemiology Vector Borne Diseases - microbiology Vector Borne Diseases - parasitology Vector Borne Diseases - veterinary vector-borne pathogens |
| title | MOLECULAR INVESTIGATION OF VECTOR-BORNE PATHOGENS IN RED FOXES (VULPES VULPES) FROM SOUTHERN FRANCE |
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