The current state of MiRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic tools
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs with a length of 18–22 nucleotides that regulate about a third of the human genome at the post-transcriptional level. MiRNAs are involved in almost all biological processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, and cell differentiation, but also play a key...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Clinical and experimental medicine 2020-08, Vol.20 (3), p.349-359 |
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| creator | Gareev, Ilgiz Beylerli, Ozal Yang, Guang Sun, Jinxian Pavlov, Valentin Izmailov, Adel Shi, Huaizhang Zhao, Shiguang |
| description | MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs with a length of 18–22 nucleotides that regulate about a third of the human genome at the post-transcriptional level. MiRNAs are involved in almost all biological processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, and cell differentiation, but also play a key role in the pathogenesis of many diseases. Most miRNAs are expressed within the cells themselves. Due to various forms of transport from cells like exosomes, circulating miRNAs are stable and can be found in human body fluids, such as blood, saliva, cerebrospinal fluid, and urine. Circulating miRNAs are of great interest as potential noninvasive biomarkers for tumors, lipid disorders, diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular diseases. However, the possibility of their use in the clinic is limited, and this is associated with a number of problems since currently there are significant differences between the procedures for processing samples, methods of analysis, and especially strategies for standardizing results. Moreover, miRNAs can represent not only potential biomarkers but also become new therapeutic agents and be used in modern clinical practice, which again confirms the need for their study. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s10238-020-00627-2 |
| format | Article |
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MiRNAs are involved in almost all biological processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, and cell differentiation, but also play a key role in the pathogenesis of many diseases. Most miRNAs are expressed within the cells themselves. Due to various forms of transport from cells like exosomes, circulating miRNAs are stable and can be found in human body fluids, such as blood, saliva, cerebrospinal fluid, and urine. Circulating miRNAs are of great interest as potential noninvasive biomarkers for tumors, lipid disorders, diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular diseases. However, the possibility of their use in the clinic is limited, and this is associated with a number of problems since currently there are significant differences between the procedures for processing samples, methods of analysis, and especially strategies for standardizing results. 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| subjects | Apoptosis Biomarkers Body fluids Cardiovascular diseases Cell differentiation Cell proliferation Cerebrospinal fluid Diabetes mellitus Exosomes Genomes Hematology Internal Medicine Medicine Medicine & Public Health miRNA Non-coding RNA Nucleotides Oncology Post-transcription Review Article Saliva Tumors |
| title | The current state of MiRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic tools |
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