Esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction: Characterization of a new entity? Clinical, manometric, and neuroimmunological description

Objective To determine the differences between clinical, manometric, and neuroimmunological profile of esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction (EGJOO) and achalasia patients. Methods Seven EGJOO and 27 achalasia patients were enrolled in a blind cross‐sectional study. Peripheral blood (PB) of 1...

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Veröffentlicht in:Neurogastroenterology and motility 2020-08, Vol.32 (8), p.e13867-n/a
Hauptverfasser: Furuzawa‐Carballeda, Janette, Coss‐Adame, Enrique, Romero‐Hernández, Fernanda, Zúñiga, Joaquín, Uribe‐Uribe, Norma, Aguilar‐León, Diana, Valdovinos, Miguel A., Núñez‐Álvarez, Carlos A., Hernández‐Ramírez, Diego F., Olivares‐Martínez, Elizabeth, Cruz‐Lagunas, Alfredo, López‐Verdugo, Fidel, Priego‐Ranero, Ángel, Azamar‐Llamas, Daniel, Rodríguez‐Garcés, Angélica, Chávez‐Fernández, Raúl, Torres‐Villalobos, Gonzalo
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container_issue 8
container_start_page e13867
container_title Neurogastroenterology and motility
container_volume 32
creator Furuzawa‐Carballeda, Janette
Coss‐Adame, Enrique
Romero‐Hernández, Fernanda
Zúñiga, Joaquín
Uribe‐Uribe, Norma
Aguilar‐León, Diana
Valdovinos, Miguel A.
Núñez‐Álvarez, Carlos A.
Hernández‐Ramírez, Diego F.
Olivares‐Martínez, Elizabeth
Cruz‐Lagunas, Alfredo
López‐Verdugo, Fidel
Priego‐Ranero, Ángel
Azamar‐Llamas, Daniel
Rodríguez‐Garcés, Angélica
Chávez‐Fernández, Raúl
Torres‐Villalobos, Gonzalo
description Objective To determine the differences between clinical, manometric, and neuroimmunological profile of esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction (EGJOO) and achalasia patients. Methods Seven EGJOO and 27 achalasia patients were enrolled in a blind cross‐sectional study. Peripheral blood (PB) of 10 healthy donors and 10 lower esophageal sphincter (LES) muscle biopsies from organ transplant donors were included as controls. The presence of ganglion cells, cells of Cajal, Th22/Th7/Th2/Th1/Tregs/Bregs/pDCregs in tissue, and PB was assessed by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. Serum concentration of IL‐22/IL‐17A/IL‐17F/IL‐4/IFN‐γ/IL‐1β/IL‐6/IL‐23/IL‐33/TNF‐α/IL‐10 was determined using bioplex plates. ANAs and antineuronal antibodies were evaluated by immunofluorescence and Western blot. Key Results EGJOO and achalasia patients had lower ganglion cells and cells of Cajal percentage vs. controls, while fibrosis was present only in achalasia patients. EGJOO and controls had lower cell percentage of Th22/Th17/Th2 vs. achalasia. EGJOO tissue had lower Th1/Treg cell number vs. achalasia, but higher levels vs. control group. Bregs and pDCregs percentage was higher in EGJOO vs. control group. Percentage of PB subpopulations in EGJOO was not significantly different from control group. Serum cytokine levels were higher for IL‐1β/IL‐6/TNF‐α, while IL‐17A levels were lower in EGJOO vs. achalasia and control group. EGJOO group was negative for ANAs, while in achalasia group, 54% were positive. GAD65 and PNMa/Ta2 antibodies were present in achalasia, whereas Yo and recoverin were positive in EGJOO group. Conclusions and Inferences Although EGJOO shares some clinical characteristics with achalasia, the neuroimmunological profile is completely different, suggesting that EGJOO might be a different entity. Hypothetical model of EGJOO neuroimmunological pathophysiology.
doi_str_mv 10.1111/nmo.13867
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Clinical, manometric, and neuroimmunological description</title><source>Wiley Free Content</source><source>Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete</source><creator>Furuzawa‐Carballeda, Janette ; Coss‐Adame, Enrique ; Romero‐Hernández, Fernanda ; Zúñiga, Joaquín ; Uribe‐Uribe, Norma ; Aguilar‐León, Diana ; Valdovinos, Miguel A. ; Núñez‐Álvarez, Carlos A. ; Hernández‐Ramírez, Diego F. ; Olivares‐Martínez, Elizabeth ; Cruz‐Lagunas, Alfredo ; López‐Verdugo, Fidel ; Priego‐Ranero, Ángel ; Azamar‐Llamas, Daniel ; Rodríguez‐Garcés, Angélica ; Chávez‐Fernández, Raúl ; Torres‐Villalobos, Gonzalo</creator><creatorcontrib>Furuzawa‐Carballeda, Janette ; Coss‐Adame, Enrique ; Romero‐Hernández, Fernanda ; Zúñiga, Joaquín ; Uribe‐Uribe, Norma ; Aguilar‐León, Diana ; Valdovinos, Miguel A. ; Núñez‐Álvarez, Carlos A. ; Hernández‐Ramírez, Diego F. ; Olivares‐Martínez, Elizabeth ; Cruz‐Lagunas, Alfredo ; López‐Verdugo, Fidel ; Priego‐Ranero, Ángel ; Azamar‐Llamas, Daniel ; Rodríguez‐Garcés, Angélica ; Chávez‐Fernández, Raúl ; Torres‐Villalobos, Gonzalo</creatorcontrib><description>Objective To determine the differences between clinical, manometric, and neuroimmunological profile of esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction (EGJOO) and achalasia patients. Methods Seven EGJOO and 27 achalasia patients were enrolled in a blind cross‐sectional study. Peripheral blood (PB) of 10 healthy donors and 10 lower esophageal sphincter (LES) muscle biopsies from organ transplant donors were included as controls. The presence of ganglion cells, cells of Cajal, Th22/Th7/Th2/Th1/Tregs/Bregs/pDCregs in tissue, and PB was assessed by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. Serum concentration of IL‐22/IL‐17A/IL‐17F/IL‐4/IFN‐γ/IL‐1β/IL‐6/IL‐23/IL‐33/TNF‐α/IL‐10 was determined using bioplex plates. ANAs and antineuronal antibodies were evaluated by immunofluorescence and Western blot. Key Results EGJOO and achalasia patients had lower ganglion cells and cells of Cajal percentage vs. controls, while fibrosis was present only in achalasia patients. EGJOO and controls had lower cell percentage of Th22/Th17/Th2 vs. achalasia. EGJOO tissue had lower Th1/Treg cell number vs. achalasia, but higher levels vs. control group. Bregs and pDCregs percentage was higher in EGJOO vs. control group. Percentage of PB subpopulations in EGJOO was not significantly different from control group. Serum cytokine levels were higher for IL‐1β/IL‐6/TNF‐α, while IL‐17A levels were lower in EGJOO vs. achalasia and control group. EGJOO group was negative for ANAs, while in achalasia group, 54% were positive. GAD65 and PNMa/Ta2 antibodies were present in achalasia, whereas Yo and recoverin were positive in EGJOO group. Conclusions and Inferences Although EGJOO shares some clinical characteristics with achalasia, the neuroimmunological profile is completely different, suggesting that EGJOO might be a different entity. Hypothetical model of EGJOO neuroimmunological pathophysiology.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1350-1925</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1365-2982</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/nmo.13867</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32368845</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</publisher><subject>Achalasia ; ANAs ; Antibodies ; antineuronal antibodies ; CD4 effector T cells ; CD8 effector T cells ; Cell number ; Esophageal sphincter ; esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction ; Esophagus ; Fibrosis ; Flow cytometry ; Ganglion cells ; Helper cells ; Immunofluorescence ; Immunohistochemistry ; Interferon ; Lymphocytes T ; myenteric interstitial cells of Cajal ; Peripheral blood ; Recoverin ; regulatory cells ; Sphincter ; Tumor necrosis factor</subject><ispartof>Neurogastroenterology and motility, 2020-08, Vol.32 (8), p.e13867-n/a</ispartof><rights>2020 John Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd</rights><rights>2020 John Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2020 John Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4197-e9da03864884185966c0a431b2b610de93bb3a47369d2f8aaecb79d37ee009fc3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4197-e9da03864884185966c0a431b2b610de93bb3a47369d2f8aaecb79d37ee009fc3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-0466-5857 ; 0000-0001-5804-7221</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Fnmo.13867$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Fnmo.13867$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,1411,1427,27901,27902,45550,45551,46384,46808</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32368845$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Furuzawa‐Carballeda, Janette</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Coss‐Adame, Enrique</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Romero‐Hernández, Fernanda</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zúñiga, Joaquín</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Uribe‐Uribe, Norma</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aguilar‐León, Diana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Valdovinos, Miguel A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Núñez‐Álvarez, Carlos A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hernández‐Ramírez, Diego F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Olivares‐Martínez, Elizabeth</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cruz‐Lagunas, Alfredo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>López‐Verdugo, Fidel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Priego‐Ranero, Ángel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Azamar‐Llamas, Daniel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rodríguez‐Garcés, Angélica</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chávez‐Fernández, Raúl</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Torres‐Villalobos, Gonzalo</creatorcontrib><title>Esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction: Characterization of a new entity? Clinical, manometric, and neuroimmunological description</title><title>Neurogastroenterology and motility</title><addtitle>Neurogastroenterol Motil</addtitle><description>Objective To determine the differences between clinical, manometric, and neuroimmunological profile of esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction (EGJOO) and achalasia patients. Methods Seven EGJOO and 27 achalasia patients were enrolled in a blind cross‐sectional study. Peripheral blood (PB) of 10 healthy donors and 10 lower esophageal sphincter (LES) muscle biopsies from organ transplant donors were included as controls. The presence of ganglion cells, cells of Cajal, Th22/Th7/Th2/Th1/Tregs/Bregs/pDCregs in tissue, and PB was assessed by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. Serum concentration of IL‐22/IL‐17A/IL‐17F/IL‐4/IFN‐γ/IL‐1β/IL‐6/IL‐23/IL‐33/TNF‐α/IL‐10 was determined using bioplex plates. ANAs and antineuronal antibodies were evaluated by immunofluorescence and Western blot. Key Results EGJOO and achalasia patients had lower ganglion cells and cells of Cajal percentage vs. controls, while fibrosis was present only in achalasia patients. EGJOO and controls had lower cell percentage of Th22/Th17/Th2 vs. achalasia. EGJOO tissue had lower Th1/Treg cell number vs. achalasia, but higher levels vs. control group. Bregs and pDCregs percentage was higher in EGJOO vs. control group. Percentage of PB subpopulations in EGJOO was not significantly different from control group. Serum cytokine levels were higher for IL‐1β/IL‐6/TNF‐α, while IL‐17A levels were lower in EGJOO vs. achalasia and control group. EGJOO group was negative for ANAs, while in achalasia group, 54% were positive. GAD65 and PNMa/Ta2 antibodies were present in achalasia, whereas Yo and recoverin were positive in EGJOO group. Conclusions and Inferences Although EGJOO shares some clinical characteristics with achalasia, the neuroimmunological profile is completely different, suggesting that EGJOO might be a different entity. Hypothetical model of EGJOO neuroimmunological pathophysiology.</description><subject>Achalasia</subject><subject>ANAs</subject><subject>Antibodies</subject><subject>antineuronal antibodies</subject><subject>CD4 effector T cells</subject><subject>CD8 effector T cells</subject><subject>Cell number</subject><subject>Esophageal sphincter</subject><subject>esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction</subject><subject>Esophagus</subject><subject>Fibrosis</subject><subject>Flow cytometry</subject><subject>Ganglion cells</subject><subject>Helper cells</subject><subject>Immunofluorescence</subject><subject>Immunohistochemistry</subject><subject>Interferon</subject><subject>Lymphocytes T</subject><subject>myenteric interstitial cells of Cajal</subject><subject>Peripheral blood</subject><subject>Recoverin</subject><subject>regulatory cells</subject><subject>Sphincter</subject><subject>Tumor necrosis factor</subject><issn>1350-1925</issn><issn>1365-2982</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp10ctq3DAUBmBRUpo07SIvEATZpBAnutiylU0oQ3qBXDbtWsjy8USDLU0li2H6BH3synHaRaHaSEgfP0f8CJ1QcknzunKjv6S8EfUrdES5qAomG3YwnytSUMmqQ_Q2xg0hRLBSvEGHnHHRNGV1hH7dRr990mu_1nEK1uBNcmay3mGfpn7wO-zb_JCe767x6kkHbSYI9qdeVI81drDD4CY77W_warDOGj1c4FE7P8IceoG167JKwdtxTM4Pfj0b3EE0wW7npHfoda-HCO9f9mP0_dPtt9WX4u7x89fVx7vClFTWBchOk_zVMo9Pm0oKYYguOW1ZKyjpQPK25bqsuZAd6xutwbS17HgNQIjsDT9G50vuNvgfCeKkRhsNDIN24FNUjMtGUMGJyPTsH7rxKbg8nWIlq2opazmrD4sywccYoFfbYEcd9ooSNdejcj3quZ5sT18SUztC91f-6SODqwXs7AD7_yeph_vHJfI3IHScaQ</recordid><startdate>202008</startdate><enddate>202008</enddate><creator>Furuzawa‐Carballeda, Janette</creator><creator>Coss‐Adame, Enrique</creator><creator>Romero‐Hernández, Fernanda</creator><creator>Zúñiga, Joaquín</creator><creator>Uribe‐Uribe, Norma</creator><creator>Aguilar‐León, Diana</creator><creator>Valdovinos, Miguel A.</creator><creator>Núñez‐Álvarez, Carlos A.</creator><creator>Hernández‐Ramírez, Diego F.</creator><creator>Olivares‐Martínez, Elizabeth</creator><creator>Cruz‐Lagunas, Alfredo</creator><creator>López‐Verdugo, Fidel</creator><creator>Priego‐Ranero, Ángel</creator><creator>Azamar‐Llamas, Daniel</creator><creator>Rodríguez‐Garcés, Angélica</creator><creator>Chávez‐Fernández, Raúl</creator><creator>Torres‐Villalobos, Gonzalo</creator><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0466-5857</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5804-7221</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202008</creationdate><title>Esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction: Characterization of a new entity? Clinical, manometric, and neuroimmunological description</title><author>Furuzawa‐Carballeda, Janette ; Coss‐Adame, Enrique ; Romero‐Hernández, Fernanda ; Zúñiga, Joaquín ; Uribe‐Uribe, Norma ; Aguilar‐León, Diana ; Valdovinos, Miguel A. ; Núñez‐Álvarez, Carlos A. ; Hernández‐Ramírez, Diego F. ; Olivares‐Martínez, Elizabeth ; Cruz‐Lagunas, Alfredo ; López‐Verdugo, Fidel ; Priego‐Ranero, Ángel ; Azamar‐Llamas, Daniel ; Rodríguez‐Garcés, Angélica ; Chávez‐Fernández, Raúl ; Torres‐Villalobos, Gonzalo</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4197-e9da03864884185966c0a431b2b610de93bb3a47369d2f8aaecb79d37ee009fc3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Achalasia</topic><topic>ANAs</topic><topic>Antibodies</topic><topic>antineuronal antibodies</topic><topic>CD4 effector T cells</topic><topic>CD8 effector T cells</topic><topic>Cell number</topic><topic>Esophageal sphincter</topic><topic>esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction</topic><topic>Esophagus</topic><topic>Fibrosis</topic><topic>Flow cytometry</topic><topic>Ganglion cells</topic><topic>Helper cells</topic><topic>Immunofluorescence</topic><topic>Immunohistochemistry</topic><topic>Interferon</topic><topic>Lymphocytes T</topic><topic>myenteric interstitial cells of Cajal</topic><topic>Peripheral blood</topic><topic>Recoverin</topic><topic>regulatory cells</topic><topic>Sphincter</topic><topic>Tumor necrosis factor</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Furuzawa‐Carballeda, Janette</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Coss‐Adame, Enrique</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Romero‐Hernández, Fernanda</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zúñiga, Joaquín</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Uribe‐Uribe, Norma</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aguilar‐León, Diana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Valdovinos, Miguel A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Núñez‐Álvarez, Carlos A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hernández‐Ramírez, Diego F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Olivares‐Martínez, Elizabeth</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cruz‐Lagunas, Alfredo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>López‐Verdugo, Fidel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Priego‐Ranero, Ángel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Azamar‐Llamas, Daniel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rodríguez‐Garcés, Angélica</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chávez‐Fernández, Raúl</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Torres‐Villalobos, Gonzalo</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health &amp; Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Neurogastroenterology and motility</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Furuzawa‐Carballeda, Janette</au><au>Coss‐Adame, Enrique</au><au>Romero‐Hernández, Fernanda</au><au>Zúñiga, Joaquín</au><au>Uribe‐Uribe, Norma</au><au>Aguilar‐León, Diana</au><au>Valdovinos, Miguel A.</au><au>Núñez‐Álvarez, Carlos A.</au><au>Hernández‐Ramírez, Diego F.</au><au>Olivares‐Martínez, Elizabeth</au><au>Cruz‐Lagunas, Alfredo</au><au>López‐Verdugo, Fidel</au><au>Priego‐Ranero, Ángel</au><au>Azamar‐Llamas, Daniel</au><au>Rodríguez‐Garcés, Angélica</au><au>Chávez‐Fernández, Raúl</au><au>Torres‐Villalobos, Gonzalo</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction: Characterization of a new entity? Clinical, manometric, and neuroimmunological description</atitle><jtitle>Neurogastroenterology and motility</jtitle><addtitle>Neurogastroenterol Motil</addtitle><date>2020-08</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>32</volume><issue>8</issue><spage>e13867</spage><epage>n/a</epage><pages>e13867-n/a</pages><issn>1350-1925</issn><eissn>1365-2982</eissn><abstract>Objective To determine the differences between clinical, manometric, and neuroimmunological profile of esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction (EGJOO) and achalasia patients. Methods Seven EGJOO and 27 achalasia patients were enrolled in a blind cross‐sectional study. Peripheral blood (PB) of 10 healthy donors and 10 lower esophageal sphincter (LES) muscle biopsies from organ transplant donors were included as controls. The presence of ganglion cells, cells of Cajal, Th22/Th7/Th2/Th1/Tregs/Bregs/pDCregs in tissue, and PB was assessed by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. Serum concentration of IL‐22/IL‐17A/IL‐17F/IL‐4/IFN‐γ/IL‐1β/IL‐6/IL‐23/IL‐33/TNF‐α/IL‐10 was determined using bioplex plates. ANAs and antineuronal antibodies were evaluated by immunofluorescence and Western blot. Key Results EGJOO and achalasia patients had lower ganglion cells and cells of Cajal percentage vs. controls, while fibrosis was present only in achalasia patients. EGJOO and controls had lower cell percentage of Th22/Th17/Th2 vs. achalasia. EGJOO tissue had lower Th1/Treg cell number vs. achalasia, but higher levels vs. control group. Bregs and pDCregs percentage was higher in EGJOO vs. control group. Percentage of PB subpopulations in EGJOO was not significantly different from control group. Serum cytokine levels were higher for IL‐1β/IL‐6/TNF‐α, while IL‐17A levels were lower in EGJOO vs. achalasia and control group. EGJOO group was negative for ANAs, while in achalasia group, 54% were positive. GAD65 and PNMa/Ta2 antibodies were present in achalasia, whereas Yo and recoverin were positive in EGJOO group. Conclusions and Inferences Although EGJOO shares some clinical characteristics with achalasia, the neuroimmunological profile is completely different, suggesting that EGJOO might be a different entity. Hypothetical model of EGJOO neuroimmunological pathophysiology.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</pub><pmid>32368845</pmid><doi>10.1111/nmo.13867</doi><tpages>20</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0466-5857</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5804-7221</orcidid></addata></record>
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subjects Achalasia
ANAs
Antibodies
antineuronal antibodies
CD4 effector T cells
CD8 effector T cells
Cell number
Esophageal sphincter
esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction
Esophagus
Fibrosis
Flow cytometry
Ganglion cells
Helper cells
Immunofluorescence
Immunohistochemistry
Interferon
Lymphocytes T
myenteric interstitial cells of Cajal
Peripheral blood
Recoverin
regulatory cells
Sphincter
Tumor necrosis factor
title Esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction: Characterization of a new entity? Clinical, manometric, and neuroimmunological description
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