Ginsenoside Rd Ameliorates High Fat Diet‐Induced Obesity by Enhancing Adaptive Thermogenesis in a cAMP‐Dependent Manner
Objective With the discovery of thermogenic adipocytes in humans, it has been hypothesized that enhancing adaptive thermogenesis may improve obesity. Although many studies have found that ginseng can improve obesity, the beneficial effects of ginsenoside Rd on obesity and its mechanisms have not bee...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) Md.), 2020-04, Vol.28 (4), p.783-792 |
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| container_title | Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) |
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| creator | Yao, Lu Han, Zaiqi Zhao, Guoyan Xiao, Yanfang Zhou, Xuenan Dai, Rongzheng Han, Meijing Wang, Zilin Xin, Rongshuang Wang, Shuran |
| description | Objective
With the discovery of thermogenic adipocytes in humans, it has been hypothesized that enhancing adaptive thermogenesis may improve obesity. Although many studies have found that ginseng can improve obesity, the beneficial effects of ginsenoside Rd on obesity and its mechanisms have not been studied.
Methods
High‐fat diet‐induced obese mice were used as the study subjects, with intraperitoneal injection of Rd daily at a dose of 15 mg/kg. Body weight and energy metabolism were observed. The effects of Rd on glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and cold tolerance were tested. The expression of genes associated with thermogenesis was analyzed. Finally, the mechanisms by which Rd regulates adaptive thermogenesis were studied.
Results
Rd ameliorated obesity and insulin resistance. Rd increased cold tolerance through enhancing thermogenic gene expression in brown adipose tissue and increased the browning of white adipose tissue induced by cold stress. Rd increased intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) content. Decreasing intracellular cAMP levels by an inhibitor of adenylyl cyclase SQ22536 abolished the promoting effects of Rd on the expression of thermogenic genes.
Conclusions
Rd improves obesity and insulin resistance. The upregulation of thermogenesis by Rd is dependent on the cAMP/protein kinase A signaling pathway. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1002/oby.22761 |
| format | Article |
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With the discovery of thermogenic adipocytes in humans, it has been hypothesized that enhancing adaptive thermogenesis may improve obesity. Although many studies have found that ginseng can improve obesity, the beneficial effects of ginsenoside Rd on obesity and its mechanisms have not been studied.
Methods
High‐fat diet‐induced obese mice were used as the study subjects, with intraperitoneal injection of Rd daily at a dose of 15 mg/kg. Body weight and energy metabolism were observed. The effects of Rd on glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and cold tolerance were tested. The expression of genes associated with thermogenesis was analyzed. Finally, the mechanisms by which Rd regulates adaptive thermogenesis were studied.
Results
Rd ameliorated obesity and insulin resistance. Rd increased cold tolerance through enhancing thermogenic gene expression in brown adipose tissue and increased the browning of white adipose tissue induced by cold stress. Rd increased intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) content. Decreasing intracellular cAMP levels by an inhibitor of adenylyl cyclase SQ22536 abolished the promoting effects of Rd on the expression of thermogenic genes.
Conclusions
Rd improves obesity and insulin resistance. The upregulation of thermogenesis by Rd is dependent on the cAMP/protein kinase A signaling pathway.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1930-7381</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1930-739X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/oby.22761</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32144882</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>Adipocytes ; Cold ; Diet ; Drug dosages ; Energy ; Experiments ; Gene expression ; Glucose ; Insulin resistance ; Kinases ; Metabolic disorders ; Obesity ; Proteins ; Thermogenesis</subject><ispartof>Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.), 2020-04, Vol.28 (4), p.783-792</ispartof><rights>2020 The Obesity Society.</rights><rights>Copyright Blackwell Publishing Ltd. Apr 2020</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3531-ed941f3dcd7fb0bee784d2399cf2d47ad2dca59e0b7a830d9673fc74373e6923</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3531-ed941f3dcd7fb0bee784d2399cf2d47ad2dca59e0b7a830d9673fc74373e6923</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-3043-9375</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002%2Foby.22761$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002%2Foby.22761$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,1411,1427,27901,27902,45550,45551,46384,46808</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32144882$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Yao, Lu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Han, Zaiqi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhao, Guoyan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xiao, Yanfang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhou, Xuenan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dai, Rongzheng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Han, Meijing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Zilin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xin, Rongshuang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Shuran</creatorcontrib><title>Ginsenoside Rd Ameliorates High Fat Diet‐Induced Obesity by Enhancing Adaptive Thermogenesis in a cAMP‐Dependent Manner</title><title>Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)</title><addtitle>Obesity (Silver Spring)</addtitle><description>Objective
With the discovery of thermogenic adipocytes in humans, it has been hypothesized that enhancing adaptive thermogenesis may improve obesity. Although many studies have found that ginseng can improve obesity, the beneficial effects of ginsenoside Rd on obesity and its mechanisms have not been studied.
Methods
High‐fat diet‐induced obese mice were used as the study subjects, with intraperitoneal injection of Rd daily at a dose of 15 mg/kg. Body weight and energy metabolism were observed. The effects of Rd on glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and cold tolerance were tested. The expression of genes associated with thermogenesis was analyzed. Finally, the mechanisms by which Rd regulates adaptive thermogenesis were studied.
Results
Rd ameliorated obesity and insulin resistance. Rd increased cold tolerance through enhancing thermogenic gene expression in brown adipose tissue and increased the browning of white adipose tissue induced by cold stress. Rd increased intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) content. Decreasing intracellular cAMP levels by an inhibitor of adenylyl cyclase SQ22536 abolished the promoting effects of Rd on the expression of thermogenic genes.
Conclusions
Rd improves obesity and insulin resistance. The upregulation of thermogenesis by Rd is dependent on the cAMP/protein kinase A signaling pathway.</description><subject>Adipocytes</subject><subject>Cold</subject><subject>Diet</subject><subject>Drug dosages</subject><subject>Energy</subject><subject>Experiments</subject><subject>Gene expression</subject><subject>Glucose</subject><subject>Insulin resistance</subject><subject>Kinases</subject><subject>Metabolic disorders</subject><subject>Obesity</subject><subject>Proteins</subject><subject>Thermogenesis</subject><issn>1930-7381</issn><issn>1930-739X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp10btOwzAUBmALgbgUBl4AWWKBoeBLEidjuSOBilAHmCLHPmmNEqfYCShi4RF4Rp4EQ4EBiel4-PyfI_0IbVNyQAlhh03RHzAmErqE1mnGyVDw7G75953SNbTh_QMhUUJiuorWOKNRlKZsHb2cG-vBNt5owLcaj2qoTONkCx5fmOkMn8kWnxho31_fLq3uFGg8LsCbtsdFj0_tTFpl7BSPtJy35gnwZAaubqZgA_LYWCyxGl3fhP8nMAerwbb4WloLbhOtlLLysPU9B2hydjo5vhhejc8vj0dXQ8VjToegs4iWXCstyoIUACKNNONZpkqmIyE100rGGZBCyJQTnSWCl0pEXHBIMsYHaG8RO3fNYwe-zWvjFVSVtNB0Pmc82JglYdkA7f6hD03nbDguqDQOOyPKg9pfKOUa7x2U-dyZWro-pyT_LCQPheRfhQS7853YFTXoX_nTQACHC_BsKuj_T8rHR_eLyA_c_5bf</recordid><startdate>202004</startdate><enddate>202004</enddate><creator>Yao, Lu</creator><creator>Han, Zaiqi</creator><creator>Zhao, Guoyan</creator><creator>Xiao, Yanfang</creator><creator>Zhou, Xuenan</creator><creator>Dai, Rongzheng</creator><creator>Han, Meijing</creator><creator>Wang, Zilin</creator><creator>Xin, Rongshuang</creator><creator>Wang, Shuran</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3043-9375</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202004</creationdate><title>Ginsenoside Rd Ameliorates High Fat Diet‐Induced Obesity by Enhancing Adaptive Thermogenesis in a cAMP‐Dependent Manner</title><author>Yao, Lu ; Han, Zaiqi ; Zhao, Guoyan ; Xiao, Yanfang ; Zhou, Xuenan ; Dai, Rongzheng ; Han, Meijing ; Wang, Zilin ; Xin, Rongshuang ; Wang, Shuran</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3531-ed941f3dcd7fb0bee784d2399cf2d47ad2dca59e0b7a830d9673fc74373e6923</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Adipocytes</topic><topic>Cold</topic><topic>Diet</topic><topic>Drug dosages</topic><topic>Energy</topic><topic>Experiments</topic><topic>Gene expression</topic><topic>Glucose</topic><topic>Insulin resistance</topic><topic>Kinases</topic><topic>Metabolic disorders</topic><topic>Obesity</topic><topic>Proteins</topic><topic>Thermogenesis</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Yao, Lu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Han, Zaiqi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhao, Guoyan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xiao, Yanfang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhou, Xuenan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dai, Rongzheng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Han, Meijing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Zilin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xin, Rongshuang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Shuran</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Yao, Lu</au><au>Han, Zaiqi</au><au>Zhao, Guoyan</au><au>Xiao, Yanfang</au><au>Zhou, Xuenan</au><au>Dai, Rongzheng</au><au>Han, Meijing</au><au>Wang, Zilin</au><au>Xin, Rongshuang</au><au>Wang, Shuran</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Ginsenoside Rd Ameliorates High Fat Diet‐Induced Obesity by Enhancing Adaptive Thermogenesis in a cAMP‐Dependent Manner</atitle><jtitle>Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)</jtitle><addtitle>Obesity (Silver Spring)</addtitle><date>2020-04</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>28</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>783</spage><epage>792</epage><pages>783-792</pages><issn>1930-7381</issn><eissn>1930-739X</eissn><abstract>Objective
With the discovery of thermogenic adipocytes in humans, it has been hypothesized that enhancing adaptive thermogenesis may improve obesity. Although many studies have found that ginseng can improve obesity, the beneficial effects of ginsenoside Rd on obesity and its mechanisms have not been studied.
Methods
High‐fat diet‐induced obese mice were used as the study subjects, with intraperitoneal injection of Rd daily at a dose of 15 mg/kg. Body weight and energy metabolism were observed. The effects of Rd on glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and cold tolerance were tested. The expression of genes associated with thermogenesis was analyzed. Finally, the mechanisms by which Rd regulates adaptive thermogenesis were studied.
Results
Rd ameliorated obesity and insulin resistance. Rd increased cold tolerance through enhancing thermogenic gene expression in brown adipose tissue and increased the browning of white adipose tissue induced by cold stress. Rd increased intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) content. Decreasing intracellular cAMP levels by an inhibitor of adenylyl cyclase SQ22536 abolished the promoting effects of Rd on the expression of thermogenic genes.
Conclusions
Rd improves obesity and insulin resistance. The upregulation of thermogenesis by Rd is dependent on the cAMP/protein kinase A signaling pathway.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><pmid>32144882</pmid><doi>10.1002/oby.22761</doi><tpages>10</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3043-9375</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| source | Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete; Wiley Online Library Free Content |
| subjects | Adipocytes Cold Diet Drug dosages Energy Experiments Gene expression Glucose Insulin resistance Kinases Metabolic disorders Obesity Proteins Thermogenesis |
| title | Ginsenoside Rd Ameliorates High Fat Diet‐Induced Obesity by Enhancing Adaptive Thermogenesis in a cAMP‐Dependent Manner |
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