Meningococcal carriage in young adults six years after meningococcal C conjugate (MCC) vaccine catch-up campaign in Salvador, Brazil
•Mostly non-groupable strains.•Low prevalence of serogroup C.•High genetic diversity among carried strains. Meningococcal carriage studies are important to improve the knowledge of disease epidemiology as well as to support appropriate vaccination strategies. We conducted a cross-sectional study to...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Vaccine 2020-03, Vol.38 (14), p.2995-3002 |
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| creator | Ferreira, Viviane Matos Ferreira, Ítalo Eustáquio Chang, How-Yi Nunes, Amélia Maria Pithon Borges Topaz, Nadav Pimentel, Ellen Reis Moura, Ana Rafaela Silva Simões Ribeiro, Guilherme Sousa Feitosa, Caroline Alves Reis, Mitermayer Galvão Wang, Xin Campos, Leila Carvalho |
| description | •Mostly non-groupable strains.•Low prevalence of serogroup C.•High genetic diversity among carried strains.
Meningococcal carriage studies are important to improve the knowledge of disease epidemiology as well as to support appropriate vaccination strategies. We conducted a cross-sectional study to determine the prevalence and genotypic characteristics of meningococci collected from young adults in Salvador, Brazil six years after a meningococcal C conjugate vaccine catch-up campaign. From August through November 2016, oropharyngeal swabs were collected from 407 students aged 1824 years attending a private college in Salvador, Brazil. Neisseria meningitidis was identified by standard microbiology methods and real time PCR. Genetic characteristics of meningococci were assessed by rt-PCR and/or whole genome sequencing. We also investigated potential factors associated with carriage. N. meningitidis was detectable in 50 students, 39 by both culture and rt-PCR, 7 by culture alone and 4 by rt-PCR alone, resulting in an overall meningococcal carriage prevalence of 12.3% (50/407). Carriage was independently associated with male sex (adjusted PR: 1.97; 95% CI: 1.12–3.46; p = 0.018) and attending bars or parties at least once per month (aPR: 3.31; 95% CI: 1.49–7.38; p = 0.003). Molecular tests identified 92% (46/50) N. meningitidis as non-groupable, of which 63% (29/46) had the capsule null genotype; 14 NG isolates contained disrupted capsule backbones and belonged to the following genogroups: 7 B, 3 Z, 3 E and 1 W. One isolate belonged to genogroup C tested only by PCR; 3 isolates contained a complete B capsule backbones, 2 of which were determined to be NG by slide agglutination serogrouping. While most meningococcal carriage isolates were non-groupable, there was a high degree of genetic diversity present in the collection, as evidenced by 25 unique STs being detected. The carriage prevalence of meningococcal serogroup C was low among young adults. Continuous vaccination is important to maintain reduced meningococcal carriage and transmission, inducing herd protection. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.02.050 |
| format | Article |
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Meningococcal carriage studies are important to improve the knowledge of disease epidemiology as well as to support appropriate vaccination strategies. We conducted a cross-sectional study to determine the prevalence and genotypic characteristics of meningococci collected from young adults in Salvador, Brazil six years after a meningococcal C conjugate vaccine catch-up campaign. From August through November 2016, oropharyngeal swabs were collected from 407 students aged 1824 years attending a private college in Salvador, Brazil. Neisseria meningitidis was identified by standard microbiology methods and real time PCR. Genetic characteristics of meningococci were assessed by rt-PCR and/or whole genome sequencing. We also investigated potential factors associated with carriage. N. meningitidis was detectable in 50 students, 39 by both culture and rt-PCR, 7 by culture alone and 4 by rt-PCR alone, resulting in an overall meningococcal carriage prevalence of 12.3% (50/407). Carriage was independently associated with male sex (adjusted PR: 1.97; 95% CI: 1.12–3.46; p = 0.018) and attending bars or parties at least once per month (aPR: 3.31; 95% CI: 1.49–7.38; p = 0.003). Molecular tests identified 92% (46/50) N. meningitidis as non-groupable, of which 63% (29/46) had the capsule null genotype; 14 NG isolates contained disrupted capsule backbones and belonged to the following genogroups: 7 B, 3 Z, 3 E and 1 W. One isolate belonged to genogroup C tested only by PCR; 3 isolates contained a complete B capsule backbones, 2 of which were determined to be NG by slide agglutination serogrouping. While most meningococcal carriage isolates were non-groupable, there was a high degree of genetic diversity present in the collection, as evidenced by 25 unique STs being detected. The carriage prevalence of meningococcal serogroup C was low among young adults. Continuous vaccination is important to maintain reduced meningococcal carriage and transmission, inducing herd protection.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0264-410X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-2518</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.02.050</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32115294</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Netherlands: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Adults ; Age ; Agglutination ; Brazil - epidemiology ; Carrier State - epidemiology ; Carrier State - prevention & control ; Conjugates ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Epidemiology ; Female ; Gene sequencing ; Genetic diversity ; Genomes ; Genotypes ; Humans ; Identification methods ; Immunization ; Immunization Programs ; Influenza ; Laboratories ; Male ; Meningococcal disease ; Meningococcal Infections - epidemiology ; Meningococcal Infections - prevention & control ; Meningococcal Vaccines - administration & dosage ; Microbiology ; Neisseria meningitidis ; Neisseria meningitidis - classification ; Oropharyngeal colonization ; Peptides ; Phylogenetics ; Polymerase chain reaction ; Private schools ; Questionnaires ; Serogroup ; Software ; Students ; Teenagers ; Vaccination ; Vaccine ; Vaccines ; Whole genome sequencing ; Young Adult ; Young adults</subject><ispartof>Vaccine, 2020-03, Vol.38 (14), p.2995-3002</ispartof><rights>2020 Elsevier Ltd</rights><rights>Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</rights><rights>2020. Elsevier Ltd</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c341t-57814e932b43c0d4ae7dccd87f29cedbe56829a8f868f9c253358e36fdf0325e3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/2425691635?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3550,27924,27925,45995,64385,64387,64389,72469</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32115294$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Ferreira, Viviane Matos</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ferreira, Ítalo Eustáquio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chang, How-Yi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nunes, Amélia Maria Pithon Borges</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Topaz, Nadav</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pimentel, Ellen Reis</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moura, Ana Rafaela Silva Simões</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ribeiro, Guilherme Sousa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Feitosa, Caroline Alves</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reis, Mitermayer Galvão</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Xin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Campos, Leila Carvalho</creatorcontrib><title>Meningococcal carriage in young adults six years after meningococcal C conjugate (MCC) vaccine catch-up campaign in Salvador, Brazil</title><title>Vaccine</title><addtitle>Vaccine</addtitle><description>•Mostly non-groupable strains.•Low prevalence of serogroup C.•High genetic diversity among carried strains.
Meningococcal carriage studies are important to improve the knowledge of disease epidemiology as well as to support appropriate vaccination strategies. We conducted a cross-sectional study to determine the prevalence and genotypic characteristics of meningococci collected from young adults in Salvador, Brazil six years after a meningococcal C conjugate vaccine catch-up campaign. From August through November 2016, oropharyngeal swabs were collected from 407 students aged 1824 years attending a private college in Salvador, Brazil. Neisseria meningitidis was identified by standard microbiology methods and real time PCR. Genetic characteristics of meningococci were assessed by rt-PCR and/or whole genome sequencing. We also investigated potential factors associated with carriage. N. meningitidis was detectable in 50 students, 39 by both culture and rt-PCR, 7 by culture alone and 4 by rt-PCR alone, resulting in an overall meningococcal carriage prevalence of 12.3% (50/407). Carriage was independently associated with male sex (adjusted PR: 1.97; 95% CI: 1.12–3.46; p = 0.018) and attending bars or parties at least once per month (aPR: 3.31; 95% CI: 1.49–7.38; p = 0.003). Molecular tests identified 92% (46/50) N. meningitidis as non-groupable, of which 63% (29/46) had the capsule null genotype; 14 NG isolates contained disrupted capsule backbones and belonged to the following genogroups: 7 B, 3 Z, 3 E and 1 W. One isolate belonged to genogroup C tested only by PCR; 3 isolates contained a complete B capsule backbones, 2 of which were determined to be NG by slide agglutination serogrouping. While most meningococcal carriage isolates were non-groupable, there was a high degree of genetic diversity present in the collection, as evidenced by 25 unique STs being detected. The carriage prevalence of meningococcal serogroup C was low among young adults. Continuous vaccination is important to maintain reduced meningococcal carriage and transmission, inducing herd protection.</description><subject>Adults</subject><subject>Age</subject><subject>Agglutination</subject><subject>Brazil - epidemiology</subject><subject>Carrier State - epidemiology</subject><subject>Carrier State - prevention & control</subject><subject>Conjugates</subject><subject>Cross-Sectional Studies</subject><subject>Epidemiology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Gene sequencing</subject><subject>Genetic diversity</subject><subject>Genomes</subject><subject>Genotypes</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Identification methods</subject><subject>Immunization</subject><subject>Immunization Programs</subject><subject>Influenza</subject><subject>Laboratories</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Meningococcal disease</subject><subject>Meningococcal Infections - epidemiology</subject><subject>Meningococcal Infections - prevention & control</subject><subject>Meningococcal Vaccines - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Microbiology</subject><subject>Neisseria meningitidis</subject><subject>Neisseria meningitidis - classification</subject><subject>Oropharyngeal colonization</subject><subject>Peptides</subject><subject>Phylogenetics</subject><subject>Polymerase chain reaction</subject><subject>Private schools</subject><subject>Questionnaires</subject><subject>Serogroup</subject><subject>Software</subject><subject>Students</subject><subject>Teenagers</subject><subject>Vaccination</subject><subject>Vaccine</subject><subject>Vaccines</subject><subject>Whole genome sequencing</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><subject>Young adults</subject><issn>0264-410X</issn><issn>1873-2518</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkU2r1DAUhoMo3vHqT1ACbq5gaz6aNl2JFr_gXlyo4C5kktOa0iZzk3ZwXPvDzTCjoBtX5yye9z0fL0KPKSkpofWLsdxrY5yHkhFGSsJKIsgdtKGy4QUTVN5FG8Lqqqgo-XqBHqQ0EkIEp-19dMEZpYK11Qb9vAHv_BBMMEZP2OgYnR4AO48PYfUD1nadloST-44PoGPCul8g4vkvWYdN8OM66AXw1U3XPcPn5bLhYr4V6y438067wR-dP-lpr22Iz_HrqH-46SG61-spwaNzvURf3r753L0vrj---9C9ui4Mr-hSiEbSClrOthU3xFYaGmuMlU3PWgN2C6KWrNWyl7XsW8ME50ICr3vbE84E8Et0dfLdxXC7QlrU7JKBadIewpoU43UrGyFpndGn_6BjWKPP2ylWMVG3mRGZEifKxJBShF7topt1PChK1DEmNarzJ9QxJkWYyjFl3ZOz-7qdwf5R_c4lAy9PAOR37B1ElYwDn690EcyibHD_GfELxeamfA</recordid><startdate>20200323</startdate><enddate>20200323</enddate><creator>Ferreira, Viviane Matos</creator><creator>Ferreira, Ítalo Eustáquio</creator><creator>Chang, How-Yi</creator><creator>Nunes, Amélia Maria Pithon Borges</creator><creator>Topaz, Nadav</creator><creator>Pimentel, Ellen Reis</creator><creator>Moura, Ana Rafaela Silva Simões</creator><creator>Ribeiro, Guilherme Sousa</creator><creator>Feitosa, Caroline Alves</creator><creator>Reis, Mitermayer Galvão</creator><creator>Wang, Xin</creator><creator>Campos, Leila Carvalho</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><general>Elsevier Limited</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7T2</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88C</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9-</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0R</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M0T</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20200323</creationdate><title>Meningococcal carriage in young adults six years after meningococcal C conjugate (MCC) vaccine catch-up campaign in Salvador, Brazil</title><author>Ferreira, Viviane Matos ; Ferreira, Ítalo Eustáquio ; Chang, How-Yi ; Nunes, Amélia Maria Pithon Borges ; Topaz, Nadav ; Pimentel, Ellen Reis ; Moura, Ana Rafaela Silva Simões ; Ribeiro, Guilherme Sousa ; Feitosa, Caroline Alves ; Reis, Mitermayer Galvão ; Wang, Xin ; Campos, Leila Carvalho</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c341t-57814e932b43c0d4ae7dccd87f29cedbe56829a8f868f9c253358e36fdf0325e3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Adults</topic><topic>Age</topic><topic>Agglutination</topic><topic>Brazil - epidemiology</topic><topic>Carrier State - epidemiology</topic><topic>Carrier State - prevention & control</topic><topic>Conjugates</topic><topic>Cross-Sectional Studies</topic><topic>Epidemiology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Gene sequencing</topic><topic>Genetic diversity</topic><topic>Genomes</topic><topic>Genotypes</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Identification methods</topic><topic>Immunization</topic><topic>Immunization Programs</topic><topic>Influenza</topic><topic>Laboratories</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Meningococcal disease</topic><topic>Meningococcal Infections - epidemiology</topic><topic>Meningococcal Infections - prevention & control</topic><topic>Meningococcal Vaccines - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Microbiology</topic><topic>Neisseria meningitidis</topic><topic>Neisseria meningitidis - classification</topic><topic>Oropharyngeal colonization</topic><topic>Peptides</topic><topic>Phylogenetics</topic><topic>Polymerase chain reaction</topic><topic>Private schools</topic><topic>Questionnaires</topic><topic>Serogroup</topic><topic>Software</topic><topic>Students</topic><topic>Teenagers</topic><topic>Vaccination</topic><topic>Vaccine</topic><topic>Vaccines</topic><topic>Whole genome sequencing</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><topic>Young adults</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Ferreira, Viviane Matos</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ferreira, Ítalo Eustáquio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chang, How-Yi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nunes, Amélia Maria Pithon Borges</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Topaz, Nadav</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pimentel, Ellen Reis</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moura, Ana Rafaela Silva Simões</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ribeiro, Guilherme Sousa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Feitosa, Caroline Alves</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reis, Mitermayer Galvão</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Xin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Campos, Leila Carvalho</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>ProQuest Nursing and Allied Health Journals</collection><collection>Health and Safety Science Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest - 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Meningococcal carriage studies are important to improve the knowledge of disease epidemiology as well as to support appropriate vaccination strategies. We conducted a cross-sectional study to determine the prevalence and genotypic characteristics of meningococci collected from young adults in Salvador, Brazil six years after a meningococcal C conjugate vaccine catch-up campaign. From August through November 2016, oropharyngeal swabs were collected from 407 students aged 1824 years attending a private college in Salvador, Brazil. Neisseria meningitidis was identified by standard microbiology methods and real time PCR. Genetic characteristics of meningococci were assessed by rt-PCR and/or whole genome sequencing. We also investigated potential factors associated with carriage. N. meningitidis was detectable in 50 students, 39 by both culture and rt-PCR, 7 by culture alone and 4 by rt-PCR alone, resulting in an overall meningococcal carriage prevalence of 12.3% (50/407). Carriage was independently associated with male sex (adjusted PR: 1.97; 95% CI: 1.12–3.46; p = 0.018) and attending bars or parties at least once per month (aPR: 3.31; 95% CI: 1.49–7.38; p = 0.003). Molecular tests identified 92% (46/50) N. meningitidis as non-groupable, of which 63% (29/46) had the capsule null genotype; 14 NG isolates contained disrupted capsule backbones and belonged to the following genogroups: 7 B, 3 Z, 3 E and 1 W. One isolate belonged to genogroup C tested only by PCR; 3 isolates contained a complete B capsule backbones, 2 of which were determined to be NG by slide agglutination serogrouping. While most meningococcal carriage isolates were non-groupable, there was a high degree of genetic diversity present in the collection, as evidenced by 25 unique STs being detected. The carriage prevalence of meningococcal serogroup C was low among young adults. Continuous vaccination is important to maintain reduced meningococcal carriage and transmission, inducing herd protection.</abstract><cop>Netherlands</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><pmid>32115294</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.02.050</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Vaccine, 2020-03, Vol.38 (14), p.2995-3002 |
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| subjects | Adults Age Agglutination Brazil - epidemiology Carrier State - epidemiology Carrier State - prevention & control Conjugates Cross-Sectional Studies Epidemiology Female Gene sequencing Genetic diversity Genomes Genotypes Humans Identification methods Immunization Immunization Programs Influenza Laboratories Male Meningococcal disease Meningococcal Infections - epidemiology Meningococcal Infections - prevention & control Meningococcal Vaccines - administration & dosage Microbiology Neisseria meningitidis Neisseria meningitidis - classification Oropharyngeal colonization Peptides Phylogenetics Polymerase chain reaction Private schools Questionnaires Serogroup Software Students Teenagers Vaccination Vaccine Vaccines Whole genome sequencing Young Adult Young adults |
| title | Meningococcal carriage in young adults six years after meningococcal C conjugate (MCC) vaccine catch-up campaign in Salvador, Brazil |
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