Gastrointestinal Parasites in Captive Animals at the Rio de Janeiro Zoo
Background Gastrointestinal parasites may determine diarrhea, dysentery or even death in captive mammals. These animals tend to be more susceptible to parasitic infections due to confinement and stress. Purpose To increase the information about these etiological agents in captive animals in Brazil,...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Acta parasitologica 2020-03, Vol.65 (1), p.237-249 |
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| creator | Barbosa, Alynne da Silva Pinheiro, Jéssica Lima dos Santos, Claudijane Ramos de Lima, Camila Souza Carvalho Class Dib, Laís Verdan Echarte, Ginette Villar Augusto, Anderson Mendes Bastos, Augusto Cézar Machado Pereira Antunes Uchôa, Claudia M. Bastos, Otilio Machado Pereira Santos, Fernanda Nunes Fonseca, Ana Beatriz Monteiro Amendoeira, Maria Regina Reis |
| description | Background
Gastrointestinal parasites may determine diarrhea, dysentery or even death in captive mammals. These animals tend to be more susceptible to parasitic infections due to confinement and stress. Purpose To increase the information about these etiological agents in captive animals in Brazil, the gastrointestinal parasites of the captive mammals of the Rio de Janeiro Zoo were investigated.
Methods
From 2016 to 2018, 180 fecal samples were collected from animals housed in the Rio de Janeiro Zoo: 63 from animals of the order Primates, 26 of Carnivora, 78 of Artiodactyla, 9 of Perissodactyla and 4 of the order Rheiformes. The feces were processed by direct examination and by the techniques of Faust et al., Sheather, Ritchie, Lutz, and smears were stained with safranin. Immunoenzymatic assays were also performed to investigate antigens of
Giardia duodenalis
,
Cryptosporidium
spp.,
Entamoeba histolytica
/
Entamoeba dispar
.
Results
Parasite positivity was identified in 68.3% of the fecal samples, with a parasite positivity rate of 68.2% among primates, 65.3% among carnivores, 69.2% among artiodactyls, 33.3% among perissodactyls, and 100% among rheiformes. The most frequently detected parasite was
Entamoeba histolytica
/
E. dispar
antigens, which showed a statistically significant positivity rate (33.3%;
p
= 0.000), particularly in the feces of carnivores (30.7%) and artiodactyls (53.8%). A statistically significant positivity rate of
Balantioides coli
(11.1%;
p
= 0.001) was also detected in feces from nonhuman primates, tapirs, collared peccaries and rheas. The positivity of
Cryptosporidium
sp. antigens in feces of the orders Carnivora, Artiodactyla and Primates was also statistically significant (7.2%,
p
= 0.010). Oocysts compatible with
Cryptosporidium
spp. were detected in 6.3% from primates. The helminths most frequently detected were thin-shelled eggs of nematodes (17.7%,
p
= 0.000), nematode larvae (15.5%,
p
= 0.000) and
Trichuris trichiura
eggs (6.1%,
p
= 0.018).
Conclusion
The positivity rate for gastrointestinal parasites demonstrates the need for a sanitation management program to be implemented in the zoo, including routine diagnostic parasitology tests followed by specific treatment for each parasitosis. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.2478/s11686-019-00145-6 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2343045587</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2383815267</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c419t-21ba68c6d0df007cfb2482608a6f41b2b725e9774d89f37c1895a6c9798e86683</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kDFPwzAQhS0EoqXwBxiQJRaWgO3YzmWsKiigSiAEC4vlJA64SuNiJ0j8e1xSQGJgOp_83bt7D6FjSs4Zz-AiUCpBJoTmCSGUi0TuoDGFXCYUBN2Nb5aShAGjI3QQwpIQLgFgH41SmkvCqBij-VyHzjvbdiZ0ttUNvtdeBxtbbFs80-vOvhs8be1KNwHrDnevBj9YhyuDb3VrrHf42blDtFdHwBxt6wQ9XV0-zq6Txd38ZjZdJCWneZcwWmgJpaxIVROSlXXBODBJQMua04IVGRMmzzJeQV6nWRndCC3LPMvBgJSQTtDZoLv27q2PN6uVDaVpmniK64NiKU8JFwKyiJ7-QZeu99HihoIUqGByQ7GBKr0LwZtarX306j8UJWoTsxpiVjFm9RWzknHoZCvdFytT_Yx85xqBdABC_GpfjP_d_Y_sJxuUhcU</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2383815267</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Gastrointestinal Parasites in Captive Animals at the Rio de Janeiro Zoo</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>SpringerLink Journals</source><creator>Barbosa, Alynne da Silva ; Pinheiro, Jéssica Lima ; dos Santos, Claudijane Ramos ; de Lima, Camila Souza Carvalho Class ; Dib, Laís Verdan ; Echarte, Ginette Villar ; Augusto, Anderson Mendes ; Bastos, Augusto Cézar Machado Pereira ; Antunes Uchôa, Claudia M. ; Bastos, Otilio Machado Pereira ; Santos, Fernanda Nunes ; Fonseca, Ana Beatriz Monteiro ; Amendoeira, Maria Regina Reis</creator><creatorcontrib>Barbosa, Alynne da Silva ; Pinheiro, Jéssica Lima ; dos Santos, Claudijane Ramos ; de Lima, Camila Souza Carvalho Class ; Dib, Laís Verdan ; Echarte, Ginette Villar ; Augusto, Anderson Mendes ; Bastos, Augusto Cézar Machado Pereira ; Antunes Uchôa, Claudia M. ; Bastos, Otilio Machado Pereira ; Santos, Fernanda Nunes ; Fonseca, Ana Beatriz Monteiro ; Amendoeira, Maria Regina Reis</creatorcontrib><description>Background
Gastrointestinal parasites may determine diarrhea, dysentery or even death in captive mammals. These animals tend to be more susceptible to parasitic infections due to confinement and stress. Purpose To increase the information about these etiological agents in captive animals in Brazil, the gastrointestinal parasites of the captive mammals of the Rio de Janeiro Zoo were investigated.
Methods
From 2016 to 2018, 180 fecal samples were collected from animals housed in the Rio de Janeiro Zoo: 63 from animals of the order Primates, 26 of Carnivora, 78 of Artiodactyla, 9 of Perissodactyla and 4 of the order Rheiformes. The feces were processed by direct examination and by the techniques of Faust et al., Sheather, Ritchie, Lutz, and smears were stained with safranin. Immunoenzymatic assays were also performed to investigate antigens of
Giardia duodenalis
,
Cryptosporidium
spp.,
Entamoeba histolytica
/
Entamoeba dispar
.
Results
Parasite positivity was identified in 68.3% of the fecal samples, with a parasite positivity rate of 68.2% among primates, 65.3% among carnivores, 69.2% among artiodactyls, 33.3% among perissodactyls, and 100% among rheiformes. The most frequently detected parasite was
Entamoeba histolytica
/
E. dispar
antigens, which showed a statistically significant positivity rate (33.3%;
p
= 0.000), particularly in the feces of carnivores (30.7%) and artiodactyls (53.8%). A statistically significant positivity rate of
Balantioides coli
(11.1%;
p
= 0.001) was also detected in feces from nonhuman primates, tapirs, collared peccaries and rheas. The positivity of
Cryptosporidium
sp. antigens in feces of the orders Carnivora, Artiodactyla and Primates was also statistically significant (7.2%,
p
= 0.010). Oocysts compatible with
Cryptosporidium
spp. were detected in 6.3% from primates. The helminths most frequently detected were thin-shelled eggs of nematodes (17.7%,
p
= 0.000), nematode larvae (15.5%,
p
= 0.000) and
Trichuris trichiura
eggs (6.1%,
p
= 0.018).
Conclusion
The positivity rate for gastrointestinal parasites demonstrates the need for a sanitation management program to be implemented in the zoo, including routine diagnostic parasitology tests followed by specific treatment for each parasitosis.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1230-2821</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1896-1851</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.2478/s11686-019-00145-6</identifier><identifier>PMID: 31960215</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cham: Springer International Publishing</publisher><subject>Animal Systematics/Taxonomy/Biogeography ; Animals ; Animals, Zoo - parasitology ; Antigens ; Artiodactyla ; Biomedical and Life Sciences ; Biomedicine ; Brazil ; Carnivora ; Carnivora - parasitology ; Carnivores ; Cryptosporidium ; Cryptosporidium - isolation & purification ; Diagnostic systems ; Diarrhea ; Dysentery ; Ecology ; Eggs ; Entamoeba - isolation & purification ; Entamoeba histolytica ; Etiology ; Feces ; Feces - parasitology ; Giardia ; Giardia - isolation & purification ; Helminths - classification ; Helminths - isolation & purification ; Immunoenzyme Techniques ; Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic - veterinary ; Larvae ; Mammals ; Medical Microbiology ; Microbiology ; Nematodes ; Oocysts ; Original Paper ; Parasites ; Parasites - classification ; Parasites - isolation & purification ; Parasitic diseases ; Parasitology ; Primates ; Primates - parasitology ; Samples ; Sanitation ; Statistical analysis ; Statistical methods ; Statistical significance ; Waterborne diseases</subject><ispartof>Acta parasitologica, 2020-03, Vol.65 (1), p.237-249</ispartof><rights>Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences 2019</rights><rights>Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences 2019.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c419t-21ba68c6d0df007cfb2482608a6f41b2b725e9774d89f37c1895a6c9798e86683</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c419t-21ba68c6d0df007cfb2482608a6f41b2b725e9774d89f37c1895a6c9798e86683</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-5007-1339</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.2478/s11686-019-00145-6$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.2478/s11686-019-00145-6$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31960215$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Barbosa, Alynne da Silva</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pinheiro, Jéssica Lima</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>dos Santos, Claudijane Ramos</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Lima, Camila Souza Carvalho Class</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dib, Laís Verdan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Echarte, Ginette Villar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Augusto, Anderson Mendes</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bastos, Augusto Cézar Machado Pereira</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Antunes Uchôa, Claudia M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bastos, Otilio Machado Pereira</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Santos, Fernanda Nunes</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fonseca, Ana Beatriz Monteiro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Amendoeira, Maria Regina Reis</creatorcontrib><title>Gastrointestinal Parasites in Captive Animals at the Rio de Janeiro Zoo</title><title>Acta parasitologica</title><addtitle>Acta Parasit</addtitle><addtitle>Acta Parasitol</addtitle><description>Background
Gastrointestinal parasites may determine diarrhea, dysentery or even death in captive mammals. These animals tend to be more susceptible to parasitic infections due to confinement and stress. Purpose To increase the information about these etiological agents in captive animals in Brazil, the gastrointestinal parasites of the captive mammals of the Rio de Janeiro Zoo were investigated.
Methods
From 2016 to 2018, 180 fecal samples were collected from animals housed in the Rio de Janeiro Zoo: 63 from animals of the order Primates, 26 of Carnivora, 78 of Artiodactyla, 9 of Perissodactyla and 4 of the order Rheiformes. The feces were processed by direct examination and by the techniques of Faust et al., Sheather, Ritchie, Lutz, and smears were stained with safranin. Immunoenzymatic assays were also performed to investigate antigens of
Giardia duodenalis
,
Cryptosporidium
spp.,
Entamoeba histolytica
/
Entamoeba dispar
.
Results
Parasite positivity was identified in 68.3% of the fecal samples, with a parasite positivity rate of 68.2% among primates, 65.3% among carnivores, 69.2% among artiodactyls, 33.3% among perissodactyls, and 100% among rheiformes. The most frequently detected parasite was
Entamoeba histolytica
/
E. dispar
antigens, which showed a statistically significant positivity rate (33.3%;
p
= 0.000), particularly in the feces of carnivores (30.7%) and artiodactyls (53.8%). A statistically significant positivity rate of
Balantioides coli
(11.1%;
p
= 0.001) was also detected in feces from nonhuman primates, tapirs, collared peccaries and rheas. The positivity of
Cryptosporidium
sp. antigens in feces of the orders Carnivora, Artiodactyla and Primates was also statistically significant (7.2%,
p
= 0.010). Oocysts compatible with
Cryptosporidium
spp. were detected in 6.3% from primates. The helminths most frequently detected were thin-shelled eggs of nematodes (17.7%,
p
= 0.000), nematode larvae (15.5%,
p
= 0.000) and
Trichuris trichiura
eggs (6.1%,
p
= 0.018).
Conclusion
The positivity rate for gastrointestinal parasites demonstrates the need for a sanitation management program to be implemented in the zoo, including routine diagnostic parasitology tests followed by specific treatment for each parasitosis.</description><subject>Animal Systematics/Taxonomy/Biogeography</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Animals, Zoo - parasitology</subject><subject>Antigens</subject><subject>Artiodactyla</subject><subject>Biomedical and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Biomedicine</subject><subject>Brazil</subject><subject>Carnivora</subject><subject>Carnivora - parasitology</subject><subject>Carnivores</subject><subject>Cryptosporidium</subject><subject>Cryptosporidium - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Diagnostic systems</subject><subject>Diarrhea</subject><subject>Dysentery</subject><subject>Ecology</subject><subject>Eggs</subject><subject>Entamoeba - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Entamoeba histolytica</subject><subject>Etiology</subject><subject>Feces</subject><subject>Feces - parasitology</subject><subject>Giardia</subject><subject>Giardia - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Helminths - classification</subject><subject>Helminths - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Immunoenzyme Techniques</subject><subject>Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic - veterinary</subject><subject>Larvae</subject><subject>Mammals</subject><subject>Medical Microbiology</subject><subject>Microbiology</subject><subject>Nematodes</subject><subject>Oocysts</subject><subject>Original Paper</subject><subject>Parasites</subject><subject>Parasites - classification</subject><subject>Parasites - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Parasitic diseases</subject><subject>Parasitology</subject><subject>Primates</subject><subject>Primates - parasitology</subject><subject>Samples</subject><subject>Sanitation</subject><subject>Statistical analysis</subject><subject>Statistical methods</subject><subject>Statistical significance</subject><subject>Waterborne diseases</subject><issn>1230-2821</issn><issn>1896-1851</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kDFPwzAQhS0EoqXwBxiQJRaWgO3YzmWsKiigSiAEC4vlJA64SuNiJ0j8e1xSQGJgOp_83bt7D6FjSs4Zz-AiUCpBJoTmCSGUi0TuoDGFXCYUBN2Nb5aShAGjI3QQwpIQLgFgH41SmkvCqBij-VyHzjvbdiZ0ttUNvtdeBxtbbFs80-vOvhs8be1KNwHrDnevBj9YhyuDb3VrrHf42blDtFdHwBxt6wQ9XV0-zq6Txd38ZjZdJCWneZcwWmgJpaxIVROSlXXBODBJQMua04IVGRMmzzJeQV6nWRndCC3LPMvBgJSQTtDZoLv27q2PN6uVDaVpmniK64NiKU8JFwKyiJ7-QZeu99HihoIUqGByQ7GBKr0LwZtarX306j8UJWoTsxpiVjFm9RWzknHoZCvdFytT_Yx85xqBdABC_GpfjP_d_Y_sJxuUhcU</recordid><startdate>20200301</startdate><enddate>20200301</enddate><creator>Barbosa, Alynne da Silva</creator><creator>Pinheiro, Jéssica Lima</creator><creator>dos Santos, Claudijane Ramos</creator><creator>de Lima, Camila Souza Carvalho Class</creator><creator>Dib, Laís Verdan</creator><creator>Echarte, Ginette Villar</creator><creator>Augusto, Anderson Mendes</creator><creator>Bastos, Augusto Cézar Machado Pereira</creator><creator>Antunes Uchôa, Claudia M.</creator><creator>Bastos, Otilio Machado Pereira</creator><creator>Santos, Fernanda Nunes</creator><creator>Fonseca, Ana Beatriz Monteiro</creator><creator>Amendoeira, Maria Regina Reis</creator><general>Springer International Publishing</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5007-1339</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20200301</creationdate><title>Gastrointestinal Parasites in Captive Animals at the Rio de Janeiro Zoo</title><author>Barbosa, Alynne da Silva ; Pinheiro, Jéssica Lima ; dos Santos, Claudijane Ramos ; de Lima, Camila Souza Carvalho Class ; Dib, Laís Verdan ; Echarte, Ginette Villar ; Augusto, Anderson Mendes ; Bastos, Augusto Cézar Machado Pereira ; Antunes Uchôa, Claudia M. ; Bastos, Otilio Machado Pereira ; Santos, Fernanda Nunes ; Fonseca, Ana Beatriz Monteiro ; Amendoeira, Maria Regina Reis</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c419t-21ba68c6d0df007cfb2482608a6f41b2b725e9774d89f37c1895a6c9798e86683</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Animal Systematics/Taxonomy/Biogeography</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Animals, Zoo - parasitology</topic><topic>Antigens</topic><topic>Artiodactyla</topic><topic>Biomedical and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Biomedicine</topic><topic>Brazil</topic><topic>Carnivora</topic><topic>Carnivora - parasitology</topic><topic>Carnivores</topic><topic>Cryptosporidium</topic><topic>Cryptosporidium - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Diagnostic systems</topic><topic>Diarrhea</topic><topic>Dysentery</topic><topic>Ecology</topic><topic>Eggs</topic><topic>Entamoeba - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Entamoeba histolytica</topic><topic>Etiology</topic><topic>Feces</topic><topic>Feces - parasitology</topic><topic>Giardia</topic><topic>Giardia - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Helminths - classification</topic><topic>Helminths - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Immunoenzyme Techniques</topic><topic>Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic - veterinary</topic><topic>Larvae</topic><topic>Mammals</topic><topic>Medical Microbiology</topic><topic>Microbiology</topic><topic>Nematodes</topic><topic>Oocysts</topic><topic>Original Paper</topic><topic>Parasites</topic><topic>Parasites - classification</topic><topic>Parasites - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Parasitic diseases</topic><topic>Parasitology</topic><topic>Primates</topic><topic>Primates - parasitology</topic><topic>Samples</topic><topic>Sanitation</topic><topic>Statistical analysis</topic><topic>Statistical methods</topic><topic>Statistical significance</topic><topic>Waterborne diseases</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Barbosa, Alynne da Silva</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pinheiro, Jéssica Lima</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>dos Santos, Claudijane Ramos</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Lima, Camila Souza Carvalho Class</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dib, Laís Verdan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Echarte, Ginette Villar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Augusto, Anderson Mendes</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bastos, Augusto Cézar Machado Pereira</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Antunes Uchôa, Claudia M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bastos, Otilio Machado Pereira</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Santos, Fernanda Nunes</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fonseca, Ana Beatriz Monteiro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Amendoeira, Maria Regina Reis</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Acta parasitologica</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Barbosa, Alynne da Silva</au><au>Pinheiro, Jéssica Lima</au><au>dos Santos, Claudijane Ramos</au><au>de Lima, Camila Souza Carvalho Class</au><au>Dib, Laís Verdan</au><au>Echarte, Ginette Villar</au><au>Augusto, Anderson Mendes</au><au>Bastos, Augusto Cézar Machado Pereira</au><au>Antunes Uchôa, Claudia M.</au><au>Bastos, Otilio Machado Pereira</au><au>Santos, Fernanda Nunes</au><au>Fonseca, Ana Beatriz Monteiro</au><au>Amendoeira, Maria Regina Reis</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Gastrointestinal Parasites in Captive Animals at the Rio de Janeiro Zoo</atitle><jtitle>Acta parasitologica</jtitle><stitle>Acta Parasit</stitle><addtitle>Acta Parasitol</addtitle><date>2020-03-01</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>65</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>237</spage><epage>249</epage><pages>237-249</pages><issn>1230-2821</issn><eissn>1896-1851</eissn><abstract>Background
Gastrointestinal parasites may determine diarrhea, dysentery or even death in captive mammals. These animals tend to be more susceptible to parasitic infections due to confinement and stress. Purpose To increase the information about these etiological agents in captive animals in Brazil, the gastrointestinal parasites of the captive mammals of the Rio de Janeiro Zoo were investigated.
Methods
From 2016 to 2018, 180 fecal samples were collected from animals housed in the Rio de Janeiro Zoo: 63 from animals of the order Primates, 26 of Carnivora, 78 of Artiodactyla, 9 of Perissodactyla and 4 of the order Rheiformes. The feces were processed by direct examination and by the techniques of Faust et al., Sheather, Ritchie, Lutz, and smears were stained with safranin. Immunoenzymatic assays were also performed to investigate antigens of
Giardia duodenalis
,
Cryptosporidium
spp.,
Entamoeba histolytica
/
Entamoeba dispar
.
Results
Parasite positivity was identified in 68.3% of the fecal samples, with a parasite positivity rate of 68.2% among primates, 65.3% among carnivores, 69.2% among artiodactyls, 33.3% among perissodactyls, and 100% among rheiformes. The most frequently detected parasite was
Entamoeba histolytica
/
E. dispar
antigens, which showed a statistically significant positivity rate (33.3%;
p
= 0.000), particularly in the feces of carnivores (30.7%) and artiodactyls (53.8%). A statistically significant positivity rate of
Balantioides coli
(11.1%;
p
= 0.001) was also detected in feces from nonhuman primates, tapirs, collared peccaries and rheas. The positivity of
Cryptosporidium
sp. antigens in feces of the orders Carnivora, Artiodactyla and Primates was also statistically significant (7.2%,
p
= 0.010). Oocysts compatible with
Cryptosporidium
spp. were detected in 6.3% from primates. The helminths most frequently detected were thin-shelled eggs of nematodes (17.7%,
p
= 0.000), nematode larvae (15.5%,
p
= 0.000) and
Trichuris trichiura
eggs (6.1%,
p
= 0.018).
Conclusion
The positivity rate for gastrointestinal parasites demonstrates the need for a sanitation management program to be implemented in the zoo, including routine diagnostic parasitology tests followed by specific treatment for each parasitosis.</abstract><cop>Cham</cop><pub>Springer International Publishing</pub><pmid>31960215</pmid><doi>10.2478/s11686-019-00145-6</doi><tpages>13</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5007-1339</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1230-2821 |
| ispartof | Acta parasitologica, 2020-03, Vol.65 (1), p.237-249 |
| issn | 1230-2821 1896-1851 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2343045587 |
| source | MEDLINE; SpringerLink Journals |
| subjects | Animal Systematics/Taxonomy/Biogeography Animals Animals, Zoo - parasitology Antigens Artiodactyla Biomedical and Life Sciences Biomedicine Brazil Carnivora Carnivora - parasitology Carnivores Cryptosporidium Cryptosporidium - isolation & purification Diagnostic systems Diarrhea Dysentery Ecology Eggs Entamoeba - isolation & purification Entamoeba histolytica Etiology Feces Feces - parasitology Giardia Giardia - isolation & purification Helminths - classification Helminths - isolation & purification Immunoenzyme Techniques Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic - veterinary Larvae Mammals Medical Microbiology Microbiology Nematodes Oocysts Original Paper Parasites Parasites - classification Parasites - isolation & purification Parasitic diseases Parasitology Primates Primates - parasitology Samples Sanitation Statistical analysis Statistical methods Statistical significance Waterborne diseases |
| title | Gastrointestinal Parasites in Captive Animals at the Rio de Janeiro Zoo |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-31T07%3A10%3A45IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Gastrointestinal%20Parasites%20in%20Captive%20Animals%20at%20the%20Rio%20de%20Janeiro%20Zoo&rft.jtitle=Acta%20parasitologica&rft.au=Barbosa,%20Alynne%20da%20Silva&rft.date=2020-03-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=237&rft.epage=249&rft.pages=237-249&rft.issn=1230-2821&rft.eissn=1896-1851&rft_id=info:doi/10.2478/s11686-019-00145-6&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E2383815267%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2383815267&rft_id=info:pmid/31960215&rfr_iscdi=true |