Reproductive strategy of bachelors in a snub-nosed monkey (Rhinopithecus bieti) all-male unit

Snub-nosed monkeys exhibit a rare multilevel social system composed of several one-male units (OMU) and at least one all-male unit (AMU). The AMU comprises males who are blocked from access to females by resident males in the OMUs, and how these satellite males achieve reproductive success is still...

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Veröffentlicht in:Primates 2020-03, Vol.61 (2), p.291-299
Hauptverfasser: Guo, Cheng, Krzton, Alicia, Ruan, Xiangdong, Xiang, Zuofu, Li, Ming
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Krzton, Alicia
Ruan, Xiangdong
Xiang, Zuofu
Li, Ming
description Snub-nosed monkeys exhibit a rare multilevel social system composed of several one-male units (OMU) and at least one all-male unit (AMU). The AMU comprises males who are blocked from access to females by resident males in the OMUs, and how these satellite males achieve reproductive success is still unclear. To investigate their reproductive strategies, we focused on the AMU in a band of provisioned black-and-white snub-nosed monkeys ( Rhinopithecus bieti ) in Yunnan, China. Behaviors that AMU males use to gain access to females (i.e. immigration, male takeover, and sexual interaction with females) were recorded and compared with resident OMU males to explore how AMU bachelors achieve reproductive success when they are denied stable access to females. We found that in response to solicitation from females, adult and sub-adult members of the AMU responded more actively than resident males, and the bachelors actively initiated mating with females when the latter's resident male was temporarily absent. These mating opportunities mostly coincided with the peak mating season in OMUs, and probably allowed bachelors to sire some offspring. We also found that for some AMU adults, taking over an OMU is the main strategy used to gain stable access to females, and these males repeatedly migrate between bands. AMU members therefore show multiple strategies that allow them to gain some degree of reproductive success.
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These mating opportunities mostly coincided with the peak mating season in OMUs, and probably allowed bachelors to sire some offspring. We also found that for some AMU adults, taking over an OMU is the main strategy used to gain stable access to females, and these males repeatedly migrate between bands. AMU members therefore show multiple strategies that allow them to gain some degree of reproductive success.</abstract><cop>Tokyo</cop><pub>Springer Japan</pub><pmid>31955302</pmid><doi>10.1007/s10329-019-00789-y</doi><tpages>9</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6133-3261</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8994-9500</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9979-2471</orcidid></addata></record>
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subjects Animal Ecology
Animal reproduction
Animals
Behavioral Sciences
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Breeding success
China
Evolutionary Biology
Female
Females
Immigration
Life Sciences
Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Male
Males
Mating
Monkeys
Offspring
Original Article
Presbytini - physiology
Reproduction
Reproductive strategy
Rhinopithecus bieti
Science & Technology
Seasons
Sexual Behavior, Animal
Social Behavior
Success
Zoology
title Reproductive strategy of bachelors in a snub-nosed monkey (Rhinopithecus bieti) all-male unit
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