Developmental Venous Anomalies are More Common in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis and Clinically Isolated Syndrome: Coincidence or Relevant?

Purpose Developmental venous anomalies (DVA) are congenital malformations of veins that drain brain parenchyma, with a prevalence up to 9.3% in normal populations and 29.5% in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Study purpose was to determine prevalence of DVAs in patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) and early relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and to assess whether DVAs are related to altered clinical, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) laboratory parameters. Methods Routine neurological and MRI examinations took place in a single center in 93 patients (39 CIS, 54 RRMS). Clinical disability ( n = 93), MRI ( n ≤ 90), CSF ( n ≤ 82) parameters and DVA status were determined and compared statistically. Results A total of 29 DVAs were detected in 25 patients (25/93; 26.9%), 10 in 39 CIS patients and 15 in 54 RRMS patients. Most parameters were not significantly altered in patients with DVAs; no associated higher conversion rates from CIS to MS at 1–year ( p = 0.411) or 2‑year follow-up ( p = 0.281) were registered. Conclusion A higher prevalence of DVAs was detected in CIS and early MS patients than reported in non-MS populations, congruent to recent literature. The DVAs were not associated with significantly altered clinical outcomes, brain atrophy rates or disease progression, and no associated higher risk of CIS patients for converting to MS was found.