Illuminating the Dark Ages: Pupil Dilation as a Measure of Expectancy Violation Across the Life Span

Mainly for methodological reasons, little is known about the course of development of early cognitive competencies diagnosed with the violation of expectation (VoE) method in infants. The goal of this research was to evaluate the use of pupillometry as a unified approach to assess expectancy violati...

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Veröffentlicht in:	Child development 2020-11, Vol.91 (6), p.2221-2236
Hauptverfasser:	Krüger, Markus, Bartels, Wolfgang, Krist, Horst
Format:	Artikel
Sprache:	eng
Schlagworte:	Animals Cognitive ability Cognitive development Infants Life span Middle Ages Students Violations
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container_title	Child development
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creator	Krüger, Markus Bartels, Wolfgang Krist, Horst
description	Mainly for methodological reasons, little is known about the course of development of early cognitive competencies diagnosed with the violation of expectation (VoE) method in infants. The goal of this research was to evaluate the use of pupillometry as a unified approach to assess expectancy violations during and beyond the “dark ages” between 1 and 3 years. We tested children aged 1–6 years and adults (N = 279) with pictures of animals combined with matching or mismatching animal sounds. All age groups exhibited significantly greater pupil dilation in mismatched than matched trials. We conclude that pupillometry is a viable alternative to the VoE method that, by contrast to the latter, can be used throughout the life span.
doi_str_mv	10.1111/cdev.13354
format	Article
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subjects	Animals Cognitive ability Cognitive development Infants Life span Middle Ages Students Violations
title	Illuminating the Dark Ages: Pupil Dilation as a Measure of Expectancy Violation Across the Life Span
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