Ongoing tissue changes in an experimentally mummified human leg
Artificial mummification has been used since antiquity and is best known from ancient Egypt. Despite ancient Egyptian mummies being studied for several decades, the mummification techniques of that time are not well understood. Modern mummification experiments involving animal and human tissues have...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007) N.J. : 2007), 2020-12, Vol.303 (12), p.3085-3095 |
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| creator | Morozova, Irina Öhrström, Lena M. Eppenberger, Patrick Bode‐Lesniewska, Beata Gascho, Dominic Haas, Cordula Akgül, Gülfirde Neukamm, Judith Röthlin, Kim A. Imhof, Alexander Shved, Natallia Papageorgopoulou, Christina Rühli, Frank J. |
| description | Artificial mummification has been used since antiquity and is best known from ancient Egypt. Despite ancient Egyptian mummies being studied for several decades, the mummification techniques of that time are not well understood. Modern mummification experiments involving animal and human tissues have contributed additional insights relevant to a broad field of research. In the current study, we present follow‐up results of an experiment on artificial mummification, which began in 2009. A human leg was artificially mummified and monitored for almost a year with histological, molecular, and radiological techniques. Since then, it has remained in a dry, natron salt blend for 9 years. The current analyses show further progression of dehydration and tissue alterations, as well as DNA degradation, suggesting an ongoing process. Our results add new insights into the mechanisms of tissue mummification. Taking into account that the process is still ongoing, further research is required, including a re‐evaluation of the human leg in the future. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1002/ar.24333 |
| format | Article |
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Despite ancient Egyptian mummies being studied for several decades, the mummification techniques of that time are not well understood. Modern mummification experiments involving animal and human tissues have contributed additional insights relevant to a broad field of research. In the current study, we present follow‐up results of an experiment on artificial mummification, which began in 2009. A human leg was artificially mummified and monitored for almost a year with histological, molecular, and radiological techniques. Since then, it has remained in a dry, natron salt blend for 9 years. The current analyses show further progression of dehydration and tissue alterations, as well as DNA degradation, suggesting an ongoing process. Our results add new insights into the mechanisms of tissue mummification. Taking into account that the process is still ongoing, further research is required, including a re‐evaluation of the human leg in the future.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-8486</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-8494</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/ar.24333</identifier><identifier>PMID: 31837087</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Hoboken, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc</publisher><subject>Dehydration ; Egyptian civilization ; Embalming - methods ; forensic ; histology ; Humans ; imaging ; Leg ; Leg - diagnostic imaging ; Leg - pathology ; molecular investigations ; Mummies ; Mummies - diagnostic imaging ; Mummies - pathology ; mummified ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed</subject><ispartof>Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007), 2020-12, Vol.303 (12), p.3085-3095</ispartof><rights>2019 American Association for Anatomy</rights><rights>2019 American Association for Anatomy.</rights><rights>2020 American Association for Anatomy</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3833-df3620bb51e7b0a57303cbc117eddb498d8707ea420ec102fa48494398f93f663</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3833-df3620bb51e7b0a57303cbc117eddb498d8707ea420ec102fa48494398f93f663</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-2192-4520</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002%2Far.24333$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002%2Far.24333$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1417,1433,27924,27925,45574,45575,46409,46833</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31837087$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Morozova, Irina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Öhrström, Lena M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Eppenberger, Patrick</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bode‐Lesniewska, Beata</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gascho, Dominic</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Haas, Cordula</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Akgül, Gülfirde</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Neukamm, Judith</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Röthlin, Kim A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Imhof, Alexander</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shved, Natallia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Papageorgopoulou, Christina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rühli, Frank J.</creatorcontrib><title>Ongoing tissue changes in an experimentally mummified human leg</title><title>Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007)</title><addtitle>Anat Rec (Hoboken)</addtitle><description>Artificial mummification has been used since antiquity and is best known from ancient Egypt. 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Taking into account that the process is still ongoing, further research is required, including a re‐evaluation of the human leg in the future.</description><subject>Dehydration</subject><subject>Egyptian civilization</subject><subject>Embalming - methods</subject><subject>forensic</subject><subject>histology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>imaging</subject><subject>Leg</subject><subject>Leg - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>Leg - pathology</subject><subject>molecular investigations</subject><subject>Mummies</subject><subject>Mummies - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>Mummies - pathology</subject><subject>mummified</subject><subject>Tomography, X-Ray Computed</subject><issn>1932-8486</issn><issn>1932-8494</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kE1Lw0AQhhdRbK2Cv0ACXryk7u5sspuTlOIXFAqi52WTTNIt-ai7Ddp_b2prBcHTDMzDMzMvIZeMjhml_Na4MRcAcESGLAEeKpGI40Ov4gE5835JaSRoAqdkAEyBpEoOyd28KVvblMHaet9hkC1MU6IPbBOYJsDPFTpbY7M2VbUJ6q6ubWExDxZd3Y8rLM_JSWEqjxf7OiJvD_ev06dwNn98nk5mYQYKIMwLiDlN04ihTKmJJFDI0owxiXmeikTlSlKJRnCKGaO8MGL7AySqSKCIYxiRm5135dr3Dv1a19ZnWFWmwbbzmgMwHiUyoj16_Qddtp1r-us0F3G_kqtE_Qoz13rvsNCr_lPjNppRvQ1VG6e_Q-3Rq72wS2vMD-BPij0Q7oAPW-HmX5GevOyEXyGIfbQ</recordid><startdate>202012</startdate><enddate>202012</enddate><creator>Morozova, Irina</creator><creator>Öhrström, Lena M.</creator><creator>Eppenberger, Patrick</creator><creator>Bode‐Lesniewska, Beata</creator><creator>Gascho, Dominic</creator><creator>Haas, Cordula</creator><creator>Akgül, Gülfirde</creator><creator>Neukamm, Judith</creator><creator>Röthlin, Kim A.</creator><creator>Imhof, Alexander</creator><creator>Shved, Natallia</creator><creator>Papageorgopoulou, Christina</creator><creator>Rühli, Frank J.</creator><general>John Wiley & Sons, Inc</general><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7QR</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7TS</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2192-4520</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202012</creationdate><title>Ongoing tissue changes in an experimentally mummified human leg</title><author>Morozova, Irina ; 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| subjects | Dehydration Egyptian civilization Embalming - methods forensic histology Humans imaging Leg Leg - diagnostic imaging Leg - pathology molecular investigations Mummies Mummies - diagnostic imaging Mummies - pathology mummified Tomography, X-Ray Computed |
| title | Ongoing tissue changes in an experimentally mummified human leg |
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