Metabolic activity analyses demonstrate that Lokiarchaeon exhibits homoacetogenesis in sulfidic marine sediments

The genomes of the Asgard superphylum of Archaea hold clues pertaining to the nature of the host cell that acquired the mitochondrion at the origin of eukaryotes 1 – 4 . Representatives of the Asgard candidate phylum Candidatus Lokiarchaeota (Lokiarchaeon) have the capacity for acetogenesis and ferm...

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Veröffentlicht in:Nature microbiology 2020-02, Vol.5 (2), p.248-255
Hauptverfasser: Orsi, William D., Vuillemin, Aurèle, Rodriguez, Paula, Coskun, Ömer K., Gomez-Saez, Gonzalo V., Lavik, Gaute, Mohrholz, Volker, Ferdelman, Timothy G.
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container_title Nature microbiology
container_volume 5
creator Orsi, William D.
Vuillemin, Aurèle
Rodriguez, Paula
Coskun, Ömer K.
Gomez-Saez, Gonzalo V.
Lavik, Gaute
Mohrholz, Volker
Ferdelman, Timothy G.
description The genomes of the Asgard superphylum of Archaea hold clues pertaining to the nature of the host cell that acquired the mitochondrion at the origin of eukaryotes 1 – 4 . Representatives of the Asgard candidate phylum Candidatus Lokiarchaeota (Lokiarchaeon) have the capacity for acetogenesis and fermentation 5 – 7 , but how their metabolic activity responds to environmental conditions is poorly understood. Here, we show that in anoxic Namibian shelf sediments, Lokiarchaeon gene expression levels are higher than those of bacterial phyla and increase with depth below the seafloor. Lokiarchaeon gene expression was significantly different across a hypoxic–sulfidic redox gradient, whereby genes involved in growth, fermentation and H 2 -dependent carbon fixation had the highest expression under the most reducing (sulfidic) conditions. Quantitative stable isotope probing revealed that anaerobic utilization of CO 2 and diatomaceous extracellular polymeric substances by Lokiarchaeon was higher than the bacterial average, consistent with higher expression of Lokiarchaeon genes, including those involved in transport and fermentation of sugars and amino acids. The quantitative stable isotope probing and gene expression data demonstrate homoacetogenic activity of Candidatus Lokiarchaeota, whereby fermentative H 2 production from organic substrates is coupled with the Wood–Ljungdahl carbon fixation pathway 8 . The high energetic efficiency provided by homoacetogenesis 8 helps to explain the elevated metabolic activity of Lokiarchaeon in this anoxic, energy-limited setting. Quantitative stable isotope probing and gene expression analyses in anoxic Namibian shelf sediments reveal that representatives of the Asgard candidate phylum Candidatus Lokiarchaeota are capable of homoacetogenesis, a metabolic strategy of high energetic efficiency that may explain how these archaea thrive in the energy-limited seafloor subsurface environment.
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subjects 38/22
38/23
38/39
38/47
38/71
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38/90
38/91
45/29
631/158/855
631/326/26/2527
704/47
Acetogenesis
Anaerobiosis
Archaea
Archaea - classification
Archaea - genetics
Archaea - metabolism
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Candidatus Lokiarchaeota
Carbon Cycle
Carbon dioxide
Carbon fixation
Energy Metabolism
Environmental conditions
Fermentation
Gene expression
Genome, Archaeal
Genomes
Geologic Sediments - microbiology
Homoacetogenesis
Hypoxia
Infectious Diseases
Letter
Life Sciences
Medical Microbiology
Metabolism
Metagenomics
Microbiology
Models, Biological
Ocean floor
Oxidation-Reduction
Parasitology
Sediments
Sulfides - metabolism
Virology
title Metabolic activity analyses demonstrate that Lokiarchaeon exhibits homoacetogenesis in sulfidic marine sediments
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