Schistosomiasis, strongyloidiasis and Chagas disease: the leading imported neglected tropical diseases in Italy
Abstract Background In recent years, an increasing number of individuals affected by neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) have been observed in Italy, due to migration, international travels and climate changes. Reliable data on the current NTD epidemiology in Italy and the health system preparedness...
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| creator | Zammarchi, Lorenzo Gobbi, Federico Angheben, Andrea Spinicci, Michele Buonfrate, Dora Calleri, Guido De Paola, Mirella Bevilacqua, Nazario Carrara, Stefania Attard, Luciano Vanino, Elisa Gulletta, Maurizio Festa, Elena Iacovazzi, Tiziana Grimaldi, Anna Sepe, Alessio Salomone Megna, Angelo Gaiera, Giovanni Castagna, Antonella Parodi, Patrizia Albonico, Marco Bisoffi, Zeno Castelli, Francesco Olliaro, Piero Bartoloni, Alessandro |
| description | Abstract
Background
In recent years, an increasing number of individuals affected by neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) have been observed in Italy, due to migration, international travels and climate changes. Reliable data on the current NTD epidemiology in Italy and the health system preparedness on this issue are not available.
Methods
We report the results of a survey on selected NTDs (schistosomiasis, strongyloidiasis, echinococcosis, Chagas disease, leishmaniasis, cysticercosis, filariasis and scabies) in nine Italian sentinel centres, in order to investigate their occurrence throughout the country and identify which ones are a priority for public health interventions, development of protocols for case management, and training activities. To explore the preparedness of the centres, we investigate the availability of specific diagnostic tools and drugs, needed for the management of the most common NTDs. We also reviewed and summarized the available national policies, recommendations and guidelines on NTDs in Italy.
Results
Overall, 4123 NTDs cases were diagnosed in nine Italian centres within a 7-year period (2011–2017). Schistosomiasis and strongyloidiasis were the most common NTDs, accounting for about one-third each of all the diagnosed cases, followed by Chagas disease. The number of cases showed a significant trend to increase over time, mainly due to foreign-born subjects. Serology for Schistosoma spp. and Strongyloides stercoralis was available in seven and five centres, respectively. Agar plate stool culture for S. stercoralis was available in three sites. Ivermectin and praziquantel were always available in six centres. Six national policies, recommendations and guidelines documents were available, but for the most part, they are not fully implemented yet.
Conclusions
This survey showed how some NTDs, such as schistosomiasis and strongyloidiasis, are becoming more common in Italy, due to multiple components. A list of seven key actions was proposed, in order to improve diagnosis, management and control of NTDs in Italy. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1093/jtm/taz100 |
| format | Article |
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Background
In recent years, an increasing number of individuals affected by neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) have been observed in Italy, due to migration, international travels and climate changes. Reliable data on the current NTD epidemiology in Italy and the health system preparedness on this issue are not available.
Methods
We report the results of a survey on selected NTDs (schistosomiasis, strongyloidiasis, echinococcosis, Chagas disease, leishmaniasis, cysticercosis, filariasis and scabies) in nine Italian sentinel centres, in order to investigate their occurrence throughout the country and identify which ones are a priority for public health interventions, development of protocols for case management, and training activities. To explore the preparedness of the centres, we investigate the availability of specific diagnostic tools and drugs, needed for the management of the most common NTDs. We also reviewed and summarized the available national policies, recommendations and guidelines on NTDs in Italy.
Results
Overall, 4123 NTDs cases were diagnosed in nine Italian centres within a 7-year period (2011–2017). Schistosomiasis and strongyloidiasis were the most common NTDs, accounting for about one-third each of all the diagnosed cases, followed by Chagas disease. The number of cases showed a significant trend to increase over time, mainly due to foreign-born subjects. Serology for Schistosoma spp. and Strongyloides stercoralis was available in seven and five centres, respectively. Agar plate stool culture for S. stercoralis was available in three sites. Ivermectin and praziquantel were always available in six centres. Six national policies, recommendations and guidelines documents were available, but for the most part, they are not fully implemented yet.
Conclusions
This survey showed how some NTDs, such as schistosomiasis and strongyloidiasis, are becoming more common in Italy, due to multiple components. A list of seven key actions was proposed, in order to improve diagnosis, management and control of NTDs in Italy.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1195-1982</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1708-8305</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/jtm/taz100</identifier><identifier>PMID: 31840757</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Oxford University Press</publisher><subject>Chagas Disease ; Climate change ; Cysticercosis ; Diagnostic software ; Diagnostic systems ; Echinococcosis ; Emigration and Immigration - statistics & numerical data ; Epidemiology ; Female ; Filariasis ; Guidelines ; Humans ; Italy - epidemiology ; Ivermectin ; Leishmaniasis ; Male ; Neglected Diseases - epidemiology ; Parasitic diseases ; Policies ; Polls & surveys ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; Praziquantel ; Public health ; Scabies ; Schistosomiasis ; Schistosomiasis - epidemiology ; Serology ; Strongyloidiasis ; Strongyloidiasis - epidemiology ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Tropical diseases ; Vector-borne diseases</subject><ispartof>Journal of travel medicine, 2020-02, Vol.27 (1)</ispartof><rights>International Society of Travel Medicine 2019. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com. 2019</rights><rights>International Society of Travel Medicine 2019. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c345t-54d23d6592efdcdbaf1c5f41e52bdfd6d4f1a1f16fe67e7cadd1cc26714aa3383</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c345t-54d23d6592efdcdbaf1c5f41e52bdfd6d4f1a1f16fe67e7cadd1cc26714aa3383</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-0892-8404</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1584,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31840757$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Zammarchi, Lorenzo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gobbi, Federico</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Angheben, Andrea</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Spinicci, Michele</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Buonfrate, Dora</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Calleri, Guido</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>De Paola, Mirella</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bevilacqua, Nazario</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Carrara, Stefania</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Attard, Luciano</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vanino, Elisa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gulletta, Maurizio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Festa, Elena</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Iacovazzi, Tiziana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Grimaldi, Anna</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sepe, Alessio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Salomone Megna, Angelo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gaiera, Giovanni</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Castagna, Antonella</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Parodi, Patrizia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Albonico, Marco</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bisoffi, Zeno</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Castelli, Francesco</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Olliaro, Piero</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bartoloni, Alessandro</creatorcontrib><title>Schistosomiasis, strongyloidiasis and Chagas disease: the leading imported neglected tropical diseases in Italy</title><title>Journal of travel medicine</title><addtitle>J Travel Med</addtitle><description>Abstract
Background
In recent years, an increasing number of individuals affected by neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) have been observed in Italy, due to migration, international travels and climate changes. Reliable data on the current NTD epidemiology in Italy and the health system preparedness on this issue are not available.
Methods
We report the results of a survey on selected NTDs (schistosomiasis, strongyloidiasis, echinococcosis, Chagas disease, leishmaniasis, cysticercosis, filariasis and scabies) in nine Italian sentinel centres, in order to investigate their occurrence throughout the country and identify which ones are a priority for public health interventions, development of protocols for case management, and training activities. To explore the preparedness of the centres, we investigate the availability of specific diagnostic tools and drugs, needed for the management of the most common NTDs. We also reviewed and summarized the available national policies, recommendations and guidelines on NTDs in Italy.
Results
Overall, 4123 NTDs cases were diagnosed in nine Italian centres within a 7-year period (2011–2017). Schistosomiasis and strongyloidiasis were the most common NTDs, accounting for about one-third each of all the diagnosed cases, followed by Chagas disease. The number of cases showed a significant trend to increase over time, mainly due to foreign-born subjects. Serology for Schistosoma spp. and Strongyloides stercoralis was available in seven and five centres, respectively. Agar plate stool culture for S. stercoralis was available in three sites. Ivermectin and praziquantel were always available in six centres. Six national policies, recommendations and guidelines documents were available, but for the most part, they are not fully implemented yet.
Conclusions
This survey showed how some NTDs, such as schistosomiasis and strongyloidiasis, are becoming more common in Italy, due to multiple components. A list of seven key actions was proposed, in order to improve diagnosis, management and control of NTDs in Italy.</description><subject>Chagas Disease</subject><subject>Climate change</subject><subject>Cysticercosis</subject><subject>Diagnostic software</subject><subject>Diagnostic systems</subject><subject>Echinococcosis</subject><subject>Emigration and Immigration - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Epidemiology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Filariasis</subject><subject>Guidelines</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Italy - epidemiology</subject><subject>Ivermectin</subject><subject>Leishmaniasis</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Neglected Diseases - epidemiology</subject><subject>Parasitic diseases</subject><subject>Policies</subject><subject>Polls & surveys</subject><subject>Practice Guidelines as Topic</subject><subject>Praziquantel</subject><subject>Public health</subject><subject>Scabies</subject><subject>Schistosomiasis</subject><subject>Schistosomiasis - epidemiology</subject><subject>Serology</subject><subject>Strongyloidiasis</subject><subject>Strongyloidiasis - epidemiology</subject><subject>Surveys and Questionnaires</subject><subject>Tropical diseases</subject><subject>Vector-borne diseases</subject><issn>1195-1982</issn><issn>1708-8305</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><recordid>eNp90U1r3DAQBmBRWvLVXPoDiqAUQqkbfViWnVtZ2iYQyCHt2cxKo10ttuV65MP218fJJj300JMG8ehFzMvYOym-SNHoy13uLzP8kUK8YifSirqotTCvl1k2ppBNrY7ZKdFOCKFqpY7YsZZ1KayxJyzdu22knCj1ESjSZ055SsNm36Xon244DJ6vtrAB4j4SAuEVz1vkHYKPw4bHfkxTRs8H3HToHqclYowOupcHxOPAbzJ0-7fsTYCO8Pz5PGO_vn_7uboubu9-3Ky-3hZOlyYXpvRK-8o0CoN3fg1BOhNKiUatffCVL4MEGWQVsLJoHXgvnVOVlSWA1rU-YxeH3HFKv2ek3PaRHHYdDJhmapVWVlsjnuiHf-guzdOw_G5RTW3rxlZ6UZ8Oyk2JaMLQjlPsYdq3UrSPNbRLDe2hhgW_f46c1z36v_Rl7wv4eABpHv8X9AD2lpM8</recordid><startdate>20200203</startdate><enddate>20200203</enddate><creator>Zammarchi, Lorenzo</creator><creator>Gobbi, Federico</creator><creator>Angheben, Andrea</creator><creator>Spinicci, Michele</creator><creator>Buonfrate, Dora</creator><creator>Calleri, Guido</creator><creator>De Paola, Mirella</creator><creator>Bevilacqua, Nazario</creator><creator>Carrara, Stefania</creator><creator>Attard, Luciano</creator><creator>Vanino, Elisa</creator><creator>Gulletta, Maurizio</creator><creator>Festa, Elena</creator><creator>Iacovazzi, Tiziana</creator><creator>Grimaldi, Anna</creator><creator>Sepe, Alessio</creator><creator>Salomone Megna, Angelo</creator><creator>Gaiera, Giovanni</creator><creator>Castagna, Antonella</creator><creator>Parodi, Patrizia</creator><creator>Albonico, Marco</creator><creator>Bisoffi, Zeno</creator><creator>Castelli, Francesco</creator><creator>Olliaro, Piero</creator><creator>Bartoloni, Alessandro</creator><general>Oxford University Press</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8FQ</scope><scope>8FV</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M3G</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0892-8404</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20200203</creationdate><title>Schistosomiasis, strongyloidiasis and Chagas disease: the leading imported neglected tropical diseases in Italy</title><author>Zammarchi, Lorenzo ; Gobbi, Federico ; Angheben, Andrea ; Spinicci, Michele ; Buonfrate, Dora ; Calleri, Guido ; De Paola, Mirella ; Bevilacqua, Nazario ; Carrara, Stefania ; Attard, Luciano ; Vanino, Elisa ; Gulletta, Maurizio ; Festa, Elena ; Iacovazzi, Tiziana ; Grimaldi, Anna ; Sepe, Alessio ; Salomone Megna, Angelo ; Gaiera, Giovanni ; Castagna, Antonella ; Parodi, Patrizia ; Albonico, Marco ; Bisoffi, Zeno ; Castelli, Francesco ; Olliaro, Piero ; Bartoloni, Alessandro</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c345t-54d23d6592efdcdbaf1c5f41e52bdfd6d4f1a1f16fe67e7cadd1cc26714aa3383</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Chagas Disease</topic><topic>Climate change</topic><topic>Cysticercosis</topic><topic>Diagnostic software</topic><topic>Diagnostic systems</topic><topic>Echinococcosis</topic><topic>Emigration and Immigration - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Epidemiology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Filariasis</topic><topic>Guidelines</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Italy - epidemiology</topic><topic>Ivermectin</topic><topic>Leishmaniasis</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Neglected Diseases - epidemiology</topic><topic>Parasitic diseases</topic><topic>Policies</topic><topic>Polls & surveys</topic><topic>Practice Guidelines as Topic</topic><topic>Praziquantel</topic><topic>Public health</topic><topic>Scabies</topic><topic>Schistosomiasis</topic><topic>Schistosomiasis - epidemiology</topic><topic>Serology</topic><topic>Strongyloidiasis</topic><topic>Strongyloidiasis - epidemiology</topic><topic>Surveys and Questionnaires</topic><topic>Tropical diseases</topic><topic>Vector-borne diseases</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Zammarchi, Lorenzo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gobbi, Federico</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Angheben, Andrea</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Spinicci, Michele</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Buonfrate, Dora</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Calleri, Guido</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>De Paola, Mirella</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bevilacqua, Nazario</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Carrara, Stefania</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Attard, Luciano</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vanino, Elisa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gulletta, Maurizio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Festa, Elena</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Iacovazzi, Tiziana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Grimaldi, Anna</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sepe, Alessio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Salomone Megna, Angelo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gaiera, Giovanni</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Castagna, Antonella</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Parodi, Patrizia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Albonico, Marco</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bisoffi, Zeno</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Castelli, Francesco</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Olliaro, Piero</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bartoloni, Alessandro</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Canadian Business & Current Affairs Database</collection><collection>Canadian Business & Current Affairs Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>CBCA Reference & Current Events</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of travel medicine</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Zammarchi, Lorenzo</au><au>Gobbi, Federico</au><au>Angheben, Andrea</au><au>Spinicci, Michele</au><au>Buonfrate, Dora</au><au>Calleri, Guido</au><au>De Paola, Mirella</au><au>Bevilacqua, Nazario</au><au>Carrara, Stefania</au><au>Attard, Luciano</au><au>Vanino, Elisa</au><au>Gulletta, Maurizio</au><au>Festa, Elena</au><au>Iacovazzi, Tiziana</au><au>Grimaldi, Anna</au><au>Sepe, Alessio</au><au>Salomone Megna, Angelo</au><au>Gaiera, Giovanni</au><au>Castagna, Antonella</au><au>Parodi, Patrizia</au><au>Albonico, Marco</au><au>Bisoffi, Zeno</au><au>Castelli, Francesco</au><au>Olliaro, Piero</au><au>Bartoloni, Alessandro</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Schistosomiasis, strongyloidiasis and Chagas disease: the leading imported neglected tropical diseases in Italy</atitle><jtitle>Journal of travel medicine</jtitle><addtitle>J Travel Med</addtitle><date>2020-02-03</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>27</volume><issue>1</issue><issn>1195-1982</issn><eissn>1708-8305</eissn><abstract>Abstract
Background
In recent years, an increasing number of individuals affected by neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) have been observed in Italy, due to migration, international travels and climate changes. Reliable data on the current NTD epidemiology in Italy and the health system preparedness on this issue are not available.
Methods
We report the results of a survey on selected NTDs (schistosomiasis, strongyloidiasis, echinococcosis, Chagas disease, leishmaniasis, cysticercosis, filariasis and scabies) in nine Italian sentinel centres, in order to investigate their occurrence throughout the country and identify which ones are a priority for public health interventions, development of protocols for case management, and training activities. To explore the preparedness of the centres, we investigate the availability of specific diagnostic tools and drugs, needed for the management of the most common NTDs. We also reviewed and summarized the available national policies, recommendations and guidelines on NTDs in Italy.
Results
Overall, 4123 NTDs cases were diagnosed in nine Italian centres within a 7-year period (2011–2017). Schistosomiasis and strongyloidiasis were the most common NTDs, accounting for about one-third each of all the diagnosed cases, followed by Chagas disease. The number of cases showed a significant trend to increase over time, mainly due to foreign-born subjects. Serology for Schistosoma spp. and Strongyloides stercoralis was available in seven and five centres, respectively. Agar plate stool culture for S. stercoralis was available in three sites. Ivermectin and praziquantel were always available in six centres. Six national policies, recommendations and guidelines documents were available, but for the most part, they are not fully implemented yet.
Conclusions
This survey showed how some NTDs, such as schistosomiasis and strongyloidiasis, are becoming more common in Italy, due to multiple components. A list of seven key actions was proposed, in order to improve diagnosis, management and control of NTDs in Italy.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><pmid>31840757</pmid><doi>10.1093/jtm/taz100</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0892-8404</orcidid></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1195-1982 |
| ispartof | Journal of travel medicine, 2020-02, Vol.27 (1) |
| issn | 1195-1982 1708-8305 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2327375038 |
| source | MEDLINE; Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current); Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | Chagas Disease Climate change Cysticercosis Diagnostic software Diagnostic systems Echinococcosis Emigration and Immigration - statistics & numerical data Epidemiology Female Filariasis Guidelines Humans Italy - epidemiology Ivermectin Leishmaniasis Male Neglected Diseases - epidemiology Parasitic diseases Policies Polls & surveys Practice Guidelines as Topic Praziquantel Public health Scabies Schistosomiasis Schistosomiasis - epidemiology Serology Strongyloidiasis Strongyloidiasis - epidemiology Surveys and Questionnaires Tropical diseases Vector-borne diseases |
| title | Schistosomiasis, strongyloidiasis and Chagas disease: the leading imported neglected tropical diseases in Italy |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-24T15%3A14%3A35IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Schistosomiasis,%20strongyloidiasis%20and%20Chagas%20disease:%20the%20leading%20imported%20neglected%20tropical%20diseases%20in%20Italy&rft.jtitle=Journal%20of%20travel%20medicine&rft.au=Zammarchi,%20Lorenzo&rft.date=2020-02-03&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=1&rft.issn=1195-1982&rft.eissn=1708-8305&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093/jtm/taz100&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E2327375038%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2398789763&rft_id=info:pmid/31840757&rft_oup_id=10.1093/jtm/taz100&rfr_iscdi=true |