An Insight into Reprogramming Barriers to iPSC Generation
Derivation of induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) by reprogramming somatic cells to a pluripotent state has revolutionized stem cell research. Ensuing this, various groups have used genetic and non-genetic approaches to generate iPSCs from numerous cell types. However, achieving a pluripotent sta...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Stem cell reviews and reports 2020-02, Vol.16 (1), p.56-81 |
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| creator | Haridhasapavalan, Krishna Kumar Raina, Khyati Dey, Chandrima Adhikari, Poulomi Thummer, Rajkumar P. |
| description | Derivation of induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) by reprogramming somatic cells to a pluripotent state has revolutionized stem cell research. Ensuing this, various groups have used genetic and non-genetic approaches to generate iPSCs from numerous cell types. However, achieving a pluripotent state in most of the reprogramming studies is marred by serious limitations such as low reprogramming efficiency and slow kinetics. These limitations are mainly due to the presence of potent barriers that exist during reprogramming when a mature cell is coaxed to achieve a pluripotent state. Several studies have revealed that intrinsic factors such as non-optimal stoichiometry of reprogramming factors, specific signaling pathways, cellular senescence, pluripotency-inhibiting transcription factors and microRNAs act as a roadblock. In addition, the epigenetic state of somatic cells and specific epigenetic modifications that occur during reprogramming also remarkably impede the generation of iPSCs. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of the barriers that inhibit reprogramming and the understanding of which will pave the way to develop safe strategies for efficient reprogramming. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s12015-019-09931-1 |
| format | Article |
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| subjects | Biomedical and Life Sciences Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering Cell Biology Cell Differentiation - genetics Cell Lineage - genetics Cellular Reprogramming - genetics Epigenetics Epigenomics Humans Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells - metabolism Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells - pathology Inhibitory postsynaptic potentials Kinetics Life Sciences MicroRNAs - genetics miRNA Pluripotency Regenerative Medicine/Tissue Engineering Senescence Somatic cells Stem Cells Stoichiometry Transcription factors Transcription Factors - genetics |
| title | An Insight into Reprogramming Barriers to iPSC Generation |
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