Impact of drinking water salinity on children's education: Empirical evidence from coastal Bangladesh
This study examines the impact of drinking water salinity on children's education using a unique and rich dataset collected from eight southwest coastal districts of Bangladesh. Salinity concentration in drinking water is measured at the household level using water samples from households'...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | The Science of the total environment 2019-11, Vol.690, p.1331-1341 |
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| creator | Akter, Sonia |
| description | This study examines the impact of drinking water salinity on children's education using a unique and rich dataset collected from eight southwest coastal districts of Bangladesh. Salinity concentration in drinking water is measured at the household level using water samples from households' primary source of drinking water during the summer, wet and dry season of 20014−15. A third of the deep tube-well water samples was found to be slightly (1000 |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.458 |
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[Display omitted]
•At least a third of southwestern coastal residents of Bangladesh are exposed to low to moderate drinking water salinity.•Seasonal variation in deep groundwater salinity is very low to nonexistent.•Exposure to drinking water salinity decreases 7–12 year old children's grade advancement likelihood by 6.7 percentage points.•No significant effect of drinking water salinity on grade advancement of 13–18 age group is identified.•No significant gender difference of the adverse effect of salinity on grade advancement is observed.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0048-9697</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1879-1026</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.458</identifier><identifier>PMID: 31470495</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Netherlands: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Coastal Bangladesh ; Deep tube-well ; Drinking water salinity ; Education ; Grade advancement</subject><ispartof>The Science of the total environment, 2019-11, Vol.690, p.1331-1341</ispartof><rights>2019 Elsevier B.V.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c437t-54225fcfe848250d93f3645598d9916f01182c9331012f4cefbc5af2511236f23</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c437t-54225fcfe848250d93f3645598d9916f01182c9331012f4cefbc5af2511236f23</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-5644-9403</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.458$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3550,27924,27925,45995</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31470495$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Akter, Sonia</creatorcontrib><title>Impact of drinking water salinity on children's education: Empirical evidence from coastal Bangladesh</title><title>The Science of the total environment</title><addtitle>Sci Total Environ</addtitle><description>This study examines the impact of drinking water salinity on children's education using a unique and rich dataset collected from eight southwest coastal districts of Bangladesh. Salinity concentration in drinking water is measured at the household level using water samples from households' primary source of drinking water during the summer, wet and dry season of 20014−15. A third of the deep tube-well water samples was found to be slightly (1000 < TDS < 2000 mg/l) to moderately (TDS ≥ 2000 mg/l) saline. Linking the child-level data on educational outcome to water salinity (i.e. TDS level), the study reveals a statistically significant negative effect of excessive salinity on grade advancement for 7–12 year old children. More specifically, exposure to excessive drinking water salinity (TDS > 1000 mg/l) decreases the grade advancement likelihood of 7–12 year old children by 6.7 percentage points. The results remain robust to alternative model and econometric specifications. The adverse effect of salinity on grade advancement does not vary significantly across the gender of the child while poverty, as expected, exacerbates the effect. Impaired cognitive development due to early childhood exposure appears to be the most plausible channel through which the negative effects of excessive sodium consumption permeate to young children's educational deficit. Additionally, poor health of the adults and elevated medical expenditure play a small yet significant mediating role.
[Display omitted]
•At least a third of southwestern coastal residents of Bangladesh are exposed to low to moderate drinking water salinity.•Seasonal variation in deep groundwater salinity is very low to nonexistent.•Exposure to drinking water salinity decreases 7–12 year old children's grade advancement likelihood by 6.7 percentage points.•No significant effect of drinking water salinity on grade advancement of 13–18 age group is identified.•No significant gender difference of the adverse effect of salinity on grade advancement is observed.</description><subject>Coastal Bangladesh</subject><subject>Deep tube-well</subject><subject>Drinking water salinity</subject><subject>Education</subject><subject>Grade advancement</subject><issn>0048-9697</issn><issn>1879-1026</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2019</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqFkM9vFCEUx4nR2G31X1BuepkRGJgBb-2mrU2aeNEzofBoWWdgBXab_vey2dpr3-UlL98feR-EPlPSU0LHb5u-2FBThbjvGaGqJ2PPhXyDVlROqqOEjW_RihAuOzWq6QSdlrIhbSZJ36OTgfKJcCVWCG6WrbEVJ49dDvFPiPf40VTIuJg5xFCfcIrYPoTZZYhfCga3s6aGFL_jy2UbcrBmxrAPDqIF7HNasE2m1Ha9MPF-Ng7Kwwf0zpu5wMfnfYZ-X13-Wv_obn9e36zPbzvLh6l2gjMmvPUguWSCODX4YeRCKOmUoqMnlEpm1TA0BsxzC_7OCuOZoJQNo2fDGfp6zN3m9HcHpeolFAvzbCKkXdGMyeZVnKsmnY5Sm1MpGbze5rCY_KQp0QfGeqNfGOsDY01G3Rg356fnkt3dAu7F9x9qE5wfBdBe3QfIh6ADHhcy2KpdCq-W_APPgJJA</recordid><startdate>20191110</startdate><enddate>20191110</enddate><creator>Akter, Sonia</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5644-9403</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20191110</creationdate><title>Impact of drinking water salinity on children's education: Empirical evidence from coastal Bangladesh</title><author>Akter, Sonia</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c437t-54225fcfe848250d93f3645598d9916f01182c9331012f4cefbc5af2511236f23</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2019</creationdate><topic>Coastal Bangladesh</topic><topic>Deep tube-well</topic><topic>Drinking water salinity</topic><topic>Education</topic><topic>Grade advancement</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Akter, Sonia</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>The Science of the total environment</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Akter, Sonia</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Impact of drinking water salinity on children's education: Empirical evidence from coastal Bangladesh</atitle><jtitle>The Science of the total environment</jtitle><addtitle>Sci Total Environ</addtitle><date>2019-11-10</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>690</volume><spage>1331</spage><epage>1341</epage><pages>1331-1341</pages><issn>0048-9697</issn><eissn>1879-1026</eissn><abstract>This study examines the impact of drinking water salinity on children's education using a unique and rich dataset collected from eight southwest coastal districts of Bangladesh. Salinity concentration in drinking water is measured at the household level using water samples from households' primary source of drinking water during the summer, wet and dry season of 20014−15. A third of the deep tube-well water samples was found to be slightly (1000 < TDS < 2000 mg/l) to moderately (TDS ≥ 2000 mg/l) saline. Linking the child-level data on educational outcome to water salinity (i.e. TDS level), the study reveals a statistically significant negative effect of excessive salinity on grade advancement for 7–12 year old children. More specifically, exposure to excessive drinking water salinity (TDS > 1000 mg/l) decreases the grade advancement likelihood of 7–12 year old children by 6.7 percentage points. The results remain robust to alternative model and econometric specifications. The adverse effect of salinity on grade advancement does not vary significantly across the gender of the child while poverty, as expected, exacerbates the effect. Impaired cognitive development due to early childhood exposure appears to be the most plausible channel through which the negative effects of excessive sodium consumption permeate to young children's educational deficit. Additionally, poor health of the adults and elevated medical expenditure play a small yet significant mediating role.
[Display omitted]
•At least a third of southwestern coastal residents of Bangladesh are exposed to low to moderate drinking water salinity.•Seasonal variation in deep groundwater salinity is very low to nonexistent.•Exposure to drinking water salinity decreases 7–12 year old children's grade advancement likelihood by 6.7 percentage points.•No significant effect of drinking water salinity on grade advancement of 13–18 age group is identified.•No significant gender difference of the adverse effect of salinity on grade advancement is observed.</abstract><cop>Netherlands</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><pmid>31470495</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.458</doi><tpages>11</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5644-9403</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | The Science of the total environment, 2019-11, Vol.690, p.1331-1341 |
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| language | eng |
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| source | Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals Complete |
| subjects | Coastal Bangladesh Deep tube-well Drinking water salinity Education Grade advancement |
| title | Impact of drinking water salinity on children's education: Empirical evidence from coastal Bangladesh |
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