Residue concentrations and profiles of PCDD/Fs in ash samples from multiple thermal industrial processes in Vietnam: Formation, emission levels, and risk assessment
The residue concentrations and congener profiles of polychlorinated dibenzo- p -dioxins/furans (PCDD/Fs) were examined in fly ash and bottom ash released from different thermal industrial processes in Vietnam. PCDD/F concentrations and toxic equivalents (TEQs) in the ash samples varied greatly and d...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Environmental science and pollution research international 2019-06, Vol.26 (17), p.17719-17730 |
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| creator | Pham, Mai Thi Ngoc Hoang, Anh Quoc Nghiem, Xuan Truong Tu, Binh Minh Dao, Thi Nhung Vu, Duc Nam |
| description | The residue concentrations and congener profiles of polychlorinated dibenzo-
p
-dioxins/furans (PCDD/Fs) were examined in fly ash and bottom ash released from different thermal industrial processes in Vietnam. PCDD/F concentrations and toxic equivalents (TEQs) in the ash samples varied greatly and decreased in the following order: steel making > aluminum recycling > medical waste incinerator > boilers > municipal waste incinerator > tin production > brick production > coal-fired power plant. Both the precursor and de novo synthesis were estimated as possible formation mechanisms of dioxins in the ash, but the latter pathway was more prevalent. The highest emission factors were estimated for the ash released from some steel-making plants, aluminum-recycling facilities, and a medical waste incinerator. The emission factors of PCDD/Fs in ash released from some steel plants of this study were two to six times higher than the UNEP Toolkit default value. The annual emission amount of ash-bound dioxins produced by 15 facilities in our study was estimated to be 26.2 to 28.4 g TEQ year
−1
, which mainly contributed by 3 steel plants. Health risk related to the dioxin-containing ash was evaluated for workers at the studied facilities, indicating acceptable risk levels for almost all individuals. More comprehensive studies on the occurrence and impacts of dioxins in waste streams from incineration and industrial processes and receiving environments should be conducted, in order to promote effective waste management and health protection scheme for dioxins and related compounds in this rapidly industrializing country. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s11356-019-05015-2 |
| format | Article |
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p
-dioxins/furans (PCDD/Fs) were examined in fly ash and bottom ash released from different thermal industrial processes in Vietnam. PCDD/F concentrations and toxic equivalents (TEQs) in the ash samples varied greatly and decreased in the following order: steel making > aluminum recycling > medical waste incinerator > boilers > municipal waste incinerator > tin production > brick production > coal-fired power plant. Both the precursor and de novo synthesis were estimated as possible formation mechanisms of dioxins in the ash, but the latter pathway was more prevalent. The highest emission factors were estimated for the ash released from some steel-making plants, aluminum-recycling facilities, and a medical waste incinerator. The emission factors of PCDD/Fs in ash released from some steel plants of this study were two to six times higher than the UNEP Toolkit default value. The annual emission amount of ash-bound dioxins produced by 15 facilities in our study was estimated to be 26.2 to 28.4 g TEQ year
−1
, which mainly contributed by 3 steel plants. Health risk related to the dioxin-containing ash was evaluated for workers at the studied facilities, indicating acceptable risk levels for almost all individuals. More comprehensive studies on the occurrence and impacts of dioxins in waste streams from incineration and industrial processes and receiving environments should be conducted, in order to promote effective waste management and health protection scheme for dioxins and related compounds in this rapidly industrializing country.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0944-1344</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1614-7499</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05015-2</identifier><identifier>PMID: 31030397</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>acceptable risk ; Aluminum ; Aquatic Pollution ; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution ; Boilers ; bottom ash ; bricks ; coal ; Coal Ash - chemistry ; Coal-fired power plants ; Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated - analysis ; Dioxins ; Dioxins - analysis ; Earth and Environmental Science ; Ecotoxicology ; Electric power generation ; Emission analysis ; Emissions ; Environment ; Environmental Chemistry ; Environmental Health ; Environmental Pollutants - analysis ; Environmental science ; Fly ash ; Furans ; health promotion ; Health risks ; Humans ; Incineration ; Incinerators ; Industrial plant emissions ; Industry ; Iron and steel plants ; Medical Waste ; Medical wastes ; Municipal wastes ; Pesticides ; Polychlorinated dibenzodioxins ; Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins - analysis ; Power plants ; Recycling ; Recycling centers ; Research Article ; Risk Assessment ; Risk levels ; Steel ; Steel making ; Tin ; toxicity ; Vietnam ; Waste management ; Waste streams ; Waste Water Technology ; Water Management ; Water Pollution Control ; Workers</subject><ispartof>Environmental science and pollution research international, 2019-06, Vol.26 (17), p.17719-17730</ispartof><rights>Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019</rights><rights>Environmental Science and Pollution Research is a copyright of Springer, (2019). All Rights Reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c542t-fb11d168602de01a5a38ee6119f3c0854d79c9c5aa2000ab54ee8708c7e2f85c3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c542t-fb11d168602de01a5a38ee6119f3c0854d79c9c5aa2000ab54ee8708c7e2f85c3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11356-019-05015-2$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11356-019-05015-2$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31030397$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Pham, Mai Thi Ngoc</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hoang, Anh Quoc</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nghiem, Xuan Truong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tu, Binh Minh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dao, Thi Nhung</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vu, Duc Nam</creatorcontrib><title>Residue concentrations and profiles of PCDD/Fs in ash samples from multiple thermal industrial processes in Vietnam: Formation, emission levels, and risk assessment</title><title>Environmental science and pollution research international</title><addtitle>Environ Sci Pollut Res</addtitle><addtitle>Environ Sci Pollut Res Int</addtitle><description>The residue concentrations and congener profiles of polychlorinated dibenzo-
p
-dioxins/furans (PCDD/Fs) were examined in fly ash and bottom ash released from different thermal industrial processes in Vietnam. PCDD/F concentrations and toxic equivalents (TEQs) in the ash samples varied greatly and decreased in the following order: steel making > aluminum recycling > medical waste incinerator > boilers > municipal waste incinerator > tin production > brick production > coal-fired power plant. Both the precursor and de novo synthesis were estimated as possible formation mechanisms of dioxins in the ash, but the latter pathway was more prevalent. The highest emission factors were estimated for the ash released from some steel-making plants, aluminum-recycling facilities, and a medical waste incinerator. The emission factors of PCDD/Fs in ash released from some steel plants of this study were two to six times higher than the UNEP Toolkit default value. The annual emission amount of ash-bound dioxins produced by 15 facilities in our study was estimated to be 26.2 to 28.4 g TEQ year
−1
, which mainly contributed by 3 steel plants. Health risk related to the dioxin-containing ash was evaluated for workers at the studied facilities, indicating acceptable risk levels for almost all individuals. More comprehensive studies on the occurrence and impacts of dioxins in waste streams from incineration and industrial processes and receiving environments should be conducted, in order to promote effective waste management and health protection scheme for dioxins and related compounds in this rapidly industrializing country.</description><subject>acceptable risk</subject><subject>Aluminum</subject><subject>Aquatic Pollution</subject><subject>Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution</subject><subject>Boilers</subject><subject>bottom ash</subject><subject>bricks</subject><subject>coal</subject><subject>Coal Ash - chemistry</subject><subject>Coal-fired power plants</subject><subject>Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated - analysis</subject><subject>Dioxins</subject><subject>Dioxins - analysis</subject><subject>Earth and Environmental Science</subject><subject>Ecotoxicology</subject><subject>Electric power generation</subject><subject>Emission analysis</subject><subject>Emissions</subject><subject>Environment</subject><subject>Environmental Chemistry</subject><subject>Environmental Health</subject><subject>Environmental Pollutants - analysis</subject><subject>Environmental science</subject><subject>Fly ash</subject><subject>Furans</subject><subject>health promotion</subject><subject>Health risks</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Incineration</subject><subject>Incinerators</subject><subject>Industrial plant emissions</subject><subject>Industry</subject><subject>Iron and steel plants</subject><subject>Medical Waste</subject><subject>Medical wastes</subject><subject>Municipal wastes</subject><subject>Pesticides</subject><subject>Polychlorinated dibenzodioxins</subject><subject>Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins - analysis</subject><subject>Power plants</subject><subject>Recycling</subject><subject>Recycling centers</subject><subject>Research Article</subject><subject>Risk Assessment</subject><subject>Risk levels</subject><subject>Steel</subject><subject>Steel making</subject><subject>Tin</subject><subject>toxicity</subject><subject>Vietnam</subject><subject>Waste management</subject><subject>Waste streams</subject><subject>Waste Water Technology</subject><subject>Water Management</subject><subject>Water Pollution 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concentrations and profiles of PCDD/Fs in ash samples from multiple thermal industrial processes in Vietnam: Formation, emission levels, and risk assessment</title><author>Pham, Mai Thi Ngoc ; Hoang, Anh Quoc ; Nghiem, Xuan Truong ; Tu, Binh Minh ; Dao, Thi Nhung ; Vu, Duc Nam</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c542t-fb11d168602de01a5a38ee6119f3c0854d79c9c5aa2000ab54ee8708c7e2f85c3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2019</creationdate><topic>acceptable risk</topic><topic>Aluminum</topic><topic>Aquatic Pollution</topic><topic>Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution</topic><topic>Boilers</topic><topic>bottom ash</topic><topic>bricks</topic><topic>coal</topic><topic>Coal Ash - chemistry</topic><topic>Coal-fired power plants</topic><topic>Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated - analysis</topic><topic>Dioxins</topic><topic>Dioxins - analysis</topic><topic>Earth and 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p
-dioxins/furans (PCDD/Fs) were examined in fly ash and bottom ash released from different thermal industrial processes in Vietnam. PCDD/F concentrations and toxic equivalents (TEQs) in the ash samples varied greatly and decreased in the following order: steel making > aluminum recycling > medical waste incinerator > boilers > municipal waste incinerator > tin production > brick production > coal-fired power plant. Both the precursor and de novo synthesis were estimated as possible formation mechanisms of dioxins in the ash, but the latter pathway was more prevalent. The highest emission factors were estimated for the ash released from some steel-making plants, aluminum-recycling facilities, and a medical waste incinerator. The emission factors of PCDD/Fs in ash released from some steel plants of this study were two to six times higher than the UNEP Toolkit default value. The annual emission amount of ash-bound dioxins produced by 15 facilities in our study was estimated to be 26.2 to 28.4 g TEQ year
−1
, which mainly contributed by 3 steel plants. Health risk related to the dioxin-containing ash was evaluated for workers at the studied facilities, indicating acceptable risk levels for almost all individuals. More comprehensive studies on the occurrence and impacts of dioxins in waste streams from incineration and industrial processes and receiving environments should be conducted, in order to promote effective waste management and health protection scheme for dioxins and related compounds in this rapidly industrializing country.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><pmid>31030397</pmid><doi>10.1007/s11356-019-05015-2</doi><tpages>12</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | acceptable risk Aluminum Aquatic Pollution Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution Boilers bottom ash bricks coal Coal Ash - chemistry Coal-fired power plants Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated - analysis Dioxins Dioxins - analysis Earth and Environmental Science Ecotoxicology Electric power generation Emission analysis Emissions Environment Environmental Chemistry Environmental Health Environmental Pollutants - analysis Environmental science Fly ash Furans health promotion Health risks Humans Incineration Incinerators Industrial plant emissions Industry Iron and steel plants Medical Waste Medical wastes Municipal wastes Pesticides Polychlorinated dibenzodioxins Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins - analysis Power plants Recycling Recycling centers Research Article Risk Assessment Risk levels Steel Steel making Tin toxicity Vietnam Waste management Waste streams Waste Water Technology Water Management Water Pollution Control Workers |
| title | Residue concentrations and profiles of PCDD/Fs in ash samples from multiple thermal industrial processes in Vietnam: Formation, emission levels, and risk assessment |
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