Effects of energy consumption, economic growth, and financial development on carbon emissions: evidence from heterogeneous income groups

This paper examines the effects of energy consumption, economic growth, and financial development on carbon emissions in a panel of 122 countries. We employ both first-generation and second-generation cointegration and estimation procedures in order to address diverse economic and econometric issues...

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Veröffentlicht in:Environmental science and pollution research international 2019-08, Vol.26 (22), p.22611-22624
Hauptverfasser: Ehigiamusoe, Kizito Uyi, Lean, Hooi Hooi
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creator Ehigiamusoe, Kizito Uyi
Lean, Hooi Hooi
description This paper examines the effects of energy consumption, economic growth, and financial development on carbon emissions in a panel of 122 countries. We employ both first-generation and second-generation cointegration and estimation procedures in order to address diverse economic and econometric issues such as heterogeneity, endogeneity, and cross-sectional dependence. We find a cointegration relationship between the variables. Energy consumption, economic growth, and financial development have detrimental effects on carbon emissions in the full sample. When the sample is split into different income groups, we reveal that economic growth and financial development mitigate carbon emissions in high-income group but have the opposite effects in low-income and middle-income groups. The implication of the findings is that energy consumption increases carbon emissions. While high levels of income and financial development decrease carbon emissions, low levels of income and financial development intensify it. Based on the findings, the paper makes some policy recommendations.
doi_str_mv 10.1007/s11356-019-05309-5
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subjects Aquatic Pollution
Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution
Carbon
Dependence
Earth and Environmental Science
Econometrics
Economic development
Economic growth
Economic models
Economics
Ecotoxicology
Emissions
Energy consumption
Environment
Environmental Chemistry
Environmental Health
Environmental science
Heterogeneity
Income
Low level
Research Article
Time series
Waste Water Technology
Water Management
Water Pollution Control
title Effects of energy consumption, economic growth, and financial development on carbon emissions: evidence from heterogeneous income groups
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