The Impact of Smoking on Bone Metabolism, Bone Mineral Density and Vertebral Fractures in Postmenopausal Women
Background: Smoking is recognized among the risk factors for osteoporosis, but only few studies have comprehensively explored its influence on bone metabolism and strength. We aimed to evaluate smoking effects on calcium-phosphate metabolism, bone mineral density (BMD) and fracture risk in postmenop...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of clinical densitometry 2020-07, Vol.23 (3), p.381-389 |
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Hauptverfasser: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Artikel |
Sprache: | eng |
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